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Enhancing Inter-Ethnic Harmony in a Multicultural Society: Lessons from a Case Study of the Harmonization of Malay and Chinese Ethnicities in Belitung Island Irwandi; Ali Anwar Yusuf
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 5 No 3 (2023): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v5i3.736

Abstract

This article explores how inter-ethnic harmony in a multicultural society is formed, with a focus on the harmonization of ethnic Malays and Chinese on Belitung Island. This case study explores how interaction and integration occur between ethnic Malays and Chinese on Belitung Island so that harmonization is formed. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection in the form of literature studies, observations and interviews with informants who come from ethnic Malays and Chinese. Social interaction between ethnic Malays and Chinese in Belitung has been running very harmoniously until now. Social interaction between the two ethnic groups is formed from an associative social process that arises from the principles of openness and equality. Social integration between ethnic Malays and Chinese in Belitung was formed from a relatively long process of social interaction with the principle of equality with the motto "Tong Ngin Fan, Ngin Jit Jong", which means that Chinese and Malays are the same or equal. In addition, social integration is also influenced by the high sense of tolerance between the two ethnic groups, so that social integration can be closely intertwined until now.
Cybersecurity In The Digital Age: Developing Robust Strategies To Protect Against Evolving Global Digital Threats And Cyber Attacks Theodorus Sendjaja; Irwandi; Erwan Prastiawan; Yunita Suryani; Endang Fatmawati
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 6 No 1 (2024): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v6i1.1098

Abstract

In today's digital era, cyber security is a growing challenge, considering increasingly sophisticated cyber attacks and increasing global digital threats. These threats not only pose risks to individual privacy but also to the security of critical infrastructure and the country's economic interests. The need to develop a robust and adaptive cybersecurity strategy is critical to protecting digital assets and maintaining information security. This research aims to analyze the global cyber threat landscape and develop effective cyber security strategies to counter evolving digital threats. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach by collecting and analyzing data from relevant previous studies. The results of the research show that an effective cybersecurity strategy requires an adaptive and innovative approach, utilizing the latest technology and cross-sector collaboration. The importance of international collaboration and human resource development in the field of cyber security was emphasized as a key factor in building stronger defenses against cyber attacks. Analysis of global cyber threats and their threat actors provides insight into the importance of cybersecurity education and awareness at all levels of organizations and society. The security strategy developed must be able to adapt to changes in technology and attack tactics to ensure effective protection. Cross-sector collaboration and the development of a strong cybersecurity ecosystem are the foundations for facing future cybersecurity challenges.
The Role of the World Trade Organization in Shaping International Relations and Trade Diplomacy Avid Leonardo Sari; Irwandi; Gusmailina; Loso Judijanto; Totok Hendarto
International Journal of Science and Society Vol 6 No 3 (2024): International Journal of Science and Society (IJSOC)
Publisher : GoAcademica Research & Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54783/ijsoc.v6i3.1279

Abstract

This article embarks on an extensive literature review to dissect the pivotal role of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in sculpting international relations and trade diplomacy. Recognizing the WTO as a cornerstone in global economic governance, the paper elucidates how this institution influences foreign policy strategies and fosters economic cooperation among nations. Through a meticulous analysis of scholarly articles, official WTO documents, and historical trade agreements, the study highlights the evolution of WTO's influence in steering international trade norms and resolving disputes. It underscores the dynamic interaction between WTO policies and national interests, mapping out how these interactions have shaped economic alliances and rivalries. The review further delves into the critical discourse surrounding WTO's efficacy and the challenges it faces in the modern geopolitical landscape, including emerging trade wars and protectionist trends. By weaving together different strands of academic thought, the paper aims to present a nuanced understanding of WTO's multifaceted impact on global trade dynamics and international diplomacy. The findings of this review are intended to inform policymakers, academicians, and trade practitioners about the intricate interplay of trade, diplomacy, and international relations within the ambit of the WTO.