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The Impact of Sectarian Conflict on Mental Health in Kirkuk: An Ethno-Religious Analysis Nurzahara Sihombing; M. Agung Rahmadi; Rabiatul Adawiyah Nasution; Nabila Sita; Amanda Aulia Putri; Helsa Nasution; Luthfiah Mawar; Shely Shely; Nafiza Rizky Ramadhani Lubis
Quantum Wellness : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maret: Quantum Wellness : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/quwell.v3i1.2914

Abstract

This study comprehensively analyzes the impact of sectarian conflict on mental health in Kirkuk through an ethnoreligious meta-analysis of 42 studies with a total of N=15,427 participants published between 2003 and 2023. The quantitative synthesis indicates a PTSD prevalence of 47.3% (95% CI: 44.2–50.4) among victims of sectarian conflict, with an uneven distribution across groups, where the Turkmen minority records the highest prevalence at 56.8%, exceeding Arab Sunni at 43.2% and Kurdish at 41.5%. Logistic regression analysis demonstrates that direct exposure to sectarian violence increases the risk of major depression by 3.4 times (OR=3.42, p<.001), anxiety by 2.8 times (OR=2.83, p<.001), and psychosomatic disorders by 2.5 times (OR=2.54, p<.001). Further meta-regression identifies duration of conflict exposure (β=.426, p<.001) and intensity of sectarian violence (β=.389, p<.001) as significant predictors of symptom severity. In contrast to the findings of Cummings et al. (2013) and Eltally (2019), which emphasize the general impact of conflict, this study reveals specific intergenerational trauma patterns within distinct ethnoreligious communities, with the highest transmission observed among families of sectarian massacre victims (d=0.82), while simultaneously highlighting variations in communal resilience across groups as a differential determinant of post-conflict psychosocial dynamics.
The Influence of Islamic Character Education Implementation on Students’ Mental Health Nasution, Helsa; M. Agung Rahmadi; Luthfiah Mawar; Nurzahara Sihombing; Ismail Saleh Lubis
Tunjuk Ajar: Journal of Education and Culture Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): JUNE
Publisher : Tuah Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64929/ta.v1i1.18

Abstract

Abstract: This study explores the impact of Islamic character education implementation on students’ mental health through a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. By analyzing meta-data from 38 studies involving a total of 12,467 respondents, the results reveal a significant correlation between Islamic character education and mental health (r = 0.72, p < 0.001). Furthermore, structural model analysis indicates that Islamic character education has a direct effect on mental health (β = 0.58, p < 0.001) and an indirect effect through emotion regulation (β = 0.32, p < 0.01), yielding a total effect of 0.67. Additionally, invariance testing confirms that the model remains consistent across different age groups and genders (CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.048). The SEM results validate the theoretical model’s fit (χ² = 312.45, df = 145, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; NFI = 0.92; TLI = 0.95). These findings extend the studies of Naqiyah (2022) and Khodijah et al. (2024), which previously only highlighted direct relationships without considering mediation variables. Furthermore, unlike the study by Yahaya et al. (2012), which found a moderate effect (β = 0.41), this research uncovers a more substantial and comprehensive impact by identifying emotion regulation as a key mediator. Lastly, the findings emphasize that integrating Islamic values into character education plays a crucial role in enhancing students’ mental health and provides new insights for developing Islamic values-based educational strategies.
Perbandingan Dampak Psikologis Konflik Bersenjata Populasi Urban vs Rural di Yaman : Suatu Systematic Review Luthfiah Mawar; M. Agung Rahmadi; Helsa Nasution; Nurzahara Sihombing
Journal of Educational Innovation and Public Health Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Educational Innovation and Public Health
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/innovation.v3i2.3622

Abstract

This study analyzes the psychological impact of the armed conflict in Yemen by comparing urban and rural populations through a systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 published studies (N=28,463) from 2015 to 2024. The analysis reveals a significantly higher prevalence of PTSD in the urban population (42.8%, 95% CI [39.2-46.4]) compared to the rural population (31.5%, 95% CI [28.1-34.9], p<.001). In addition, multilevel regression analysis indicates a strong correlation between the level of exposure to conflict and the severity of depressive symptoms (r=.68, p<.001) and anxiety (r=.72, p<.001) in both populations. Additionally, when examining specific urban risk factors, calculations indicate that population density (OR=1.86, 95% CI [1.54-2.18]) and loss of infrastructure (OR=1.73, 95% CI [1.45-2.01]) are significant. Moreover, geographic isolation (OR=1.92, 95% CI [1.67-2.17]) and limited access to mental health services (OR=2.14, 95% CI [1.89-2.39]) also demonstrate prominent risk factors, thereby emphasizing the predominance of specific urban risk factors in rural areas. These findings contrast with the research conducted by Le & Nguyen (2023) and Carpiniello (2023), which focused solely on general impacts; thus, the novelty of this research lies in its success in identifying distinct patterns of psychological trauma based on geographic characteristics. In addition, this study successfully reveals the differing mediating mechanisms of social support between urban (β=-.42, p<.001) and rural (β=-.28, p<.01) populations in mitigating the impacts of the Yemeni war trauma.