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Separation of Pb(II) Ion with Tetraacetic Acid Derivative of Calix[4]arene by Using Droplet-based Microreactor System Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Mizuki Ryu; Ramachandra Rao Sathuluri; Wataru Iwasaki; Shintaro Morisada; Hidetaka Kawakita; Keisuke Ohto; Masatoshi Maeki; Masaya Miyazaki; Jumina Jumina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (207.762 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.34387

Abstract

In this study, the microreactor system was investigated and compared with the batch-wise system as rapid and effective extractive Pb(II) separation over Fe(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with tetraacetic acid calix[4]arene. By using a microreactor system, the Pb(II) extraction percentages reached the maximum of 73, 89 and 100% in 8 sec residence time at equilibrium pH of 2.00, 2.25 and 2.50, respectively. The stripping percentage was 92% at 8 sec residence time by using a microreactor system with 2.0 M HNO3 as a stripping reagent. Complete separation of Pb(II) over Fe(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions with the tetraacetic acid calix[4]arene in a competitive metal system was achieved at pH 2.00. However, the batch system required 24 h to reach the equilibrium for both extraction and stripping processes. The results suggested that the microreactor system enhanced the Pb(II) extraction and stripping rate up to 104 times faster than the batch-wise system.
Synthesis of Dioxo-Dioxane and Dioxo-Dioxepane Ethyl Oleate Derivatives as Bio-Lubricant Base Stocks Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 20, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (304.802 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.42317

Abstract

In this study, two novel compounds, i.e., ethyl 8-(3-octyl-5,6-dioxo-1,4-dioxan-2-yl)octanoate and ethyl 8-(3-octyl-5,7-dioxo-1,4-dioxepan-2-yl)octanoate were prepared from oleic acid as the starting material. Both compounds were obtained from the esterification of the ethyl 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoate with dicarboxylic acids in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst. The chemical structures of the synthesized products were confirmed by FTIR, 1H-NMR, and MS spectrometers. The bio-lubricant properties of the products, such as density, total acid number, total base number, and iodine value, were determined and the effect of the dioxane and dioxepane heterocyclic rings to their bio-lubricant properties was discussed. The esterification of ethyl 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoate with oxalic acid gave ethyl 8-(3-octyl-5,6-dioxo-1,4-dioxan-2-yl)octanoate compound in 93.9% yield, while the esterification of ethyl 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoate with malonic acid gave ethyl 8-(3-octyl-5,7-dioxo-1,4-dioxepan-2-yl)octanoate compound in 89.6% yield. The density and total base number of the products were close to the standard commercial lubricant values. Meanwhile, the total acid number and the iodine value of the ethyl 8-(3-octyl-5,6-dioxo-1,4-dioxan-2-yl)octanoate were smaller than the standard commercial lubricant, showing that this compound is a promising bio-lubricant in a real application.
Preparation of Green-Emissive Zinc Oxide Composites Using Natural Betacyanin Pigment Isolated from Red Dragon Fruit Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Hendrik Oktendy Lintang; Leny Yuliati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.52351

Abstract

In this work, we reported the synthesis of green-emissive composite materials of zinc oxide (ZnO) and isolated betacyanin pigment from red dragon fruit (RDF) extract utilizing organic linkers, i.e. (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane (CPTMS) and (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS). Betacyanin was extracted using a maceration technique, while CPTMS-ZnO and APTMS-ZnO were prepared by mixing ZnO and the respective organic linker in ethanol. The obtained ZnO/CPTMS and APTMS-ZnO composites were separately added into the RDF extract, followed by stirring at room temperature for 24 h. As high as 80 and 90% of betacyanin was successfully impregnated onto CPTMS-ZnO and APTMS-ZnO, respectively. A comparison study was made by preparing RDF-CPTMS and RDF-APTMS first and then introducing them onto ZnO. In this case, as high as 81 and 100% of betacyanin in RDF-CPTMS and RDF-APTMS, respectively, were impregnated onto ZnO. These results revealed that APTMS was a better organic linker than CPTMS and the order of the steps to introduce APTMS was important. The presence of betacyanin on the composite materials was confirmed by FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy. All the composite materials had an excitation signal at 426–428 nm and emission signals at 459 and 517–518 nm, demonstrating their promising application as green-emissive materials.
The Origin, Physicochemical Properties, and Removal Technology of Metallic Porphyrins from Crude Oils Jumina Jumina; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Dwi Siswanta; Bambang Purwono; Abdul Karim Zulkarnain; Agustinus Winarno; Joko Waluyo; Johan Syafri Mahathir Ahmad
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 21, No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.62521

Abstract

Crude oil is an indispensable energy feedstock for daily activities, although some amounts of metallic porphyrins components with undesired characteristics have been identified. These constituents are assumed to originate from the geochemical process of chlorophyll and heme derivatives. In addition, their chemical structures have been thoroughly characterized using spectroscopy techniques, while several analytical methods were adopted in the detection and concentration quantification in the crude oils. The metallic porphyrins have several demerits, including the deactivation of used catalysts, contamination of the treated petrochemical products, and corrosion of the industrial equipment. Also, the removal process is considered challenging due to the strong interaction with the asphaltene fraction of crude oil. This review article, therefore, provides brief information on the origin, physicochemical properties, and possible removal technology of metallic porphyrins from crude oil samples. Besides, a better understanding of chemistry contributes a useful insight towards the development and establishment of better futuristic processing technology.
Potential of C-Phenylcalix[4]Resorcinarene Epoxide Compound as Drug Delivery Agent in Breast Cancer Cells MCF-7 Dwi Rahmasari Fatmawati; Danny Nur Wahyu Hidayat; Diah Kartika Sari; Rizky Riyami Putri; Jumina Jumina; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 25, No 3 (2022): Volume 25 Issue 3 Year 2022
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (956.024 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.25.3.123-129

Abstract

Cancer therapy through conventional chemotherapy has been widely applied; however, one of the main disadvantages of chemotherapy is the non-selective targeting of cancer cells which causes various adverse side effects. The development of drug delivery agents that are more selective and effective in cancer therapy needs to be performed so that the drugs have a therapeutic effect and minimize side effects. In this study, the compound C-phenylcalyx[4]resorcinarene epoxide (CFKRE) has acted as a drug delivery agent because it can form host complex interactions with ligands. The CFKRE compound was synthesized through two reaction steps: the condensation and alkylation reactions of the epoxide. The structure was analyzed using FTIR, 1H-, and 13C-NMR spectrophotometers and then tested for in vitro cytotoxicity using the MTT assay. The results showed that 70% yield of CFKRE was obtained. Molecular docking analysis of CFKRE compounds against PDGFR and EGFR proteins showed high binding energy compared to conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Molecular dynamic studies showed that CFKRE compounds could form a host-ligand complex with a −350.4 kcal/mol binding energy. Cytotoxic assay of CFKRE compound against MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero cells gave IC50 values of 4.04 and 29.59 μg/mL, respectively. These results indicated that CFKRE compounds are not toxic and have the potential to be utilized as new candidates for drug delivery agents.
Highly Sensitive Phenol Biosensor Utilizing Selected Bacillus Biofilm Through an Electrochemical Method Ariyanti, Dita; Iswantini, Dyah; Sugita, Purwantiningsih; Nurhidayat, Novik; Effendi, Hefni; Ghozali, Ali Aulia; Kurniawan, Yehezkiel Steven
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 24, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

An eco-friendly phenol biosensor from Bacillus biofilm was prepared and investigated. The biofilm, which produced tyrosinase enzyme, was successfully immobilized on a screen-printed carbon electrode surface. A total of 72 Bacillus isolates were utilized because of their capability to produce tyrosinase enzyme in tyrosine media. Among them, Bacillus isolate code 100 was selected because it produced an adequate amount of tyrosinase enzyme and a high potentiostat current. The response surface methodology was also used to optimize the phenol sensing condition through an electrochemical method. Results showed that the optimum condition was achieved after 6 days on a phosphate buffer solution (pH of 8), with an optical density of 0.33. Furthermore, the limits of detection and quantification were 3.0 and 13 ng/L, respectively. The measurements of precision yielded a relative standard deviation of < 5%, which is remarkable. Although the biosensor material was used for 35 days, the current throughout was still maintained at 90%, indicating that the evaluated biosensor material has the potential to be used for phenol monitoring on environmental samples in the near future.
Effective Recovery of Palladium(II) Ions using Chitosan-Based Adsorbent Material Rokiy Alfanaar; Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga; Arif Cahyo Imawan; Jumina Jumina; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.131

Abstract

Chitosan is one of the naturally abundant, biodegradable, and low-cost adsorbent materials for metal adsorption purposes. In this work, we evaluated the application of chitosan materials derived from seafood wastes in Depok beach, Yogyakarta, for an effective recovery of the palladium(II) ions. First of all, the seafood wastes were treated to obtain chitin and then followed by the deacetylation process to produce chitosan material with a deacetylation degree of 78.42%. The chitosan material was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. It was found that chitosan gave high adsorption percentage (90%) for palladium(II) ions due to the complexation with hydroxyl, amino and carbonyl functional groups. The palladium(II) adsorption onto chitosan material followed the pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.9978) and Langmuir (R2 = 0.9979) models for kinetic and isotherm experiments, respectively, with a maximum adsorption capacity value of 0.70 mmol g-1. The palladium(II) ions could be easily desorbed in 90% percentage using 1.0 M HCl solution from metal-laden chitosan to regenerate the adsorbent material. The chitosan-based adsorbent material did not lose its adsorption capability after three consecutive cycles with no significant structural change as revealed from the FTIR data. These results showed the potential application of natural chitosan materials derived from seafood wastes for the effective recovery of palladium(II) ions.
Synthesis of Calix[4]resorcinarene Derivatives as Antimalarial Agents through Heme Polymerization Inhibition Assay Rizky Riyami Putri; Harno Dwi Pranowo; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Hana Anisa Fatimi; Jumina Jumina
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.81452

Abstract

Malaria is an endemic disease in tropical countries, including Indonesia, with a high annual mortality rate. Because of that, serious attention shall be given to find new antimalarial agents that are highly active for medical treatment. In this work, we designed and synthesized three calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives and evaluated them as antimalarial agents through in vitro heme polymerization inhibitory assay. The calix[4]resorcinarenes were prepared from resorcinol and corresponding aldehyde derivatives in ethanol media through a cyclo-condensation reaction. The calix[4]resorcinarene products were obtained in 31.1–85.1% yield. The synthesized compounds were subjected to structure elucidation using spectroscopy techniques. The antimalarial activity of calix[4]resorcinarene with aromatic substituent (IC50 = 0.198 mg/mL) was higher than the aliphatic ones (IC50 = 0.282–0.814 mg/mL). It was found that all calix[4]resorcinarenes in this work exhibited stronger antimalarial activity than chloroquine diphosphate as the positive control (IC50 = 1.157 mg/mL). The calix[4]resorcinarenes could interact with hydrogen bonding, thus inhibiting the heme polymerization process. These findings demonstrate that calix[4]resorcinarene derivatives are potential antimalarial agents to be developed for effective medical treatment in the near future.
Titanium Dioxide-Curcumin Composite Materials from Aceh Curcuma Natural Source and Their Evaluation as Antiradical Agents Through In Vitro Study Indriana Kartini; Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih; Adhi Dwi Hatmanto; Vina Aida Roza; Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 23, No 5 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.80766

Abstract

The usage of antiradical agents is pivotal for suppressing the negative effects of free radicals on human health. Curcumin, a well-known natural antiradical agent, suffers from its low stability and high price, thus, limiting its potential in real applications. In this work, we carried out the impregnation of encapsulated curcumin from Aceh curcuma source on commercial titanium dioxide. The isolation of curcumin was performed using a simple maceration method, while the encapsulation process was done employing carboxymethylcellulose and maltodextrin to give ethanol-curcumin and triacetin-curcumin powders in 30.35% and 37.21% yield, respectively. The composite materials contained curcumin in a range of 0.016–0.374 mg/g. The characterization data revealed that the curcumin was located on the surface of titanium dioxide through hydrogen bonds. The in vitro DPPH assay of the titanium dioxide-curcumin composite material exhibited 39.61 ± 1.36 to 79.70 ± 1.33% antiradical activity which was higher than titanium dioxide (31.78 ± 1.48%). Furthermore, the composite material also gave higher antiradical activity than its curcumin sources, i.e., Aceh curcuma (75.12 ± 1.79%), ethanol-curcumin (56.66 ± 0.25%), and triacetin-curcumin (63.58 ± 0.20%) demonstrating a synergistic antiradical effect of titanium dioxide and curcumin as the antiradical agents. These findings demonstrate the importance of the impregnation and encapsulation of curcumin in composite materials for antiradical applications.
The Journey of Natural Products: From Isolation Stage to Drug’s Approval in Clinical Trials Yehezkiel Steven Kurniawan; Tantiana Indriani; Hanif Amrulloh; Langit Cahya Adi; Arif Cahyo Imawan; Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga; Ervan Yudha
Bioactivities Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): Bioactivities
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/bioactivities.2963-654X.190

Abstract

Nature serves as an excellent inspiration for researchers in the fields of chemistry and medicine. Terrestrial or marine organisms produce billions of natural products with unique chemical and physical properties. Some of them have been used in traditional therapy for specific diseases since ancient times. Although their exact chemical structures have yet to be elucidated clearly in that time, investigations in medicinal chemistry have been well documented. Furthermore, utilizing natural products in drug design and development offers advantages such as high biocompatibility, low toxicity, fewer side effects, wide bioactivities, and large structure diversity. Nowadays, rational drug research using computer-aided drug design is well established to cut the long way of drug discovery and overcome the resistance cases and the increment in the number of active patients. This review will highlight some natural products to comprehensively understand their journey from unknown natural products, isolation, purification, characterization, in silico evaluation, bioactivity screening assay, drug modifications, in vitro investigation, in vivo examination, and clinical trial.
Co-Authors Abdul Karim Zulkarnain Adhi Dwi Hatmanto Adhiwibawa, Marcelinus Alfasisurya Setya Agus Dwi Ananto, Agus Agustinus Winarno Ahmad Bikharudin Alfanaar, Rokiy Amrulloh, Hanif Anggit Fitria Anggraeni, Putri Dian Anita Dwi Puspitasari Arif Cahyo Imawan Arif Cahyo Imawan Awalul Fatiqin Bambang Purwono Chairil Anwar Christyowati Primi Sagita Citrariana, Shesanthi Danny Nur Wahyu Hidayat Diah Kartika Sari Dita Ariyanti Dwi Rahmasari Fatmawati Dwi Siswanta Dyah Iswantini Edi Setiyono Ervan Yudha Ervan Yudha Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Fahmi, Muhammad Riza Ghulam Faris Hermawan Faris Hermawan, Faris Fatimi, Hana Anisa Fatmasari, Nela Fitria, Anggit Gerry Nugraha Ghozali, Ali Aulia Hana Anisa Fatimi Harizal Harizal Harno Dwi Pranowo Harno Dwi Pranowo Harno Dwi Pranowo Harno Dwi Pranowo Hefni Effendi Hendra Hendra Hendrik Oktendy Lintang Hidetaka Kawakita Iksen Iksen Indriana Kartini Jeffry Julianus Johan Syafri Mahathir Ahmad Joko Waluyo Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Jumina Kasta Gurning Keisuke Ohto Keisuke Ohto Kesuma, Ruth Febriana Kevin Thomas Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga Krisfian Tata Aneka Priyangga Langit Cahya Adi Lathifah Puji Hastuti Leny Yuliati Limpat Nulandaya Lintang, Hendrik Oktendy Marlina, Lala Adetia Masatoshi Maeki Masaya Miyazaki Mizuki Ryu Muhammad Fernadi Lukman Muhammad Idham Darussalam Mardjan Mu’afa Purwa Arsana Nela Fatmasari Nela Fatmasari Nisa, Siti Astika Novik Nurhidayat Nursofia, Baiq Ike Philip Anggo Krisbiantoro Priastomo, Yoga Priyangga, Krisfian Tata Aneka Purnomo, Tantyo Ardy Bintoro Purwantiningsih Sugita Putra, Nicky Rahmana Rahman, Sudarman Ramachandra Rao Sathuluri Rizky Riyami Putri Rizky Riyami Putri Rokiy Alfanaar Shintaro Morisada Tantiana Indriani Thathit Suprayogi Triyono Triyono Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih Vina Aida Roza Wataru Iwasaki Wibowo, Susalit Setya Yahya Febrianto Yudha Ramanda Yudha, Ervan