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Journal : Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies

Environmental and Economic Clustering of Indonesian Provinces: Insights from K-Means Analysis Noviandy, Teuku Rizky; Hardi, Irsan; Zahriah, Zahriah; Sofyan, Rahmi; Sasmita, Novi Reandy; Hilal, Iin Shabrina; Idroes, Ghalieb Mutig
Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/ljes.v2i1.181

Abstract

Indonesia's archipelago presents a distinctive opportunity for targeted sustainable development due to its complex interplay of economic advancement and environmental challenges. To better understand this dynamic and identify potential areas for focused intervention, this study applied K-means clustering to 2022 data on the Air Quality Index (AQI), electricity consumption, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The analysis aimed to delineate the provinces into three distinct clusters, providing a clearer picture of the varying levels of economic development and environmental impact across the nation's diverse islands. Each cluster reflects specific environmental and economic dynamics, suggesting tailored policy interventions. The results show that for provinces in Cluster 1, which exhibit moderate environmental quality and lower economic activity, the introduction of sustainable agricultural enhancements, eco-tourism, and renewable energy initiatives is recommended. Cluster 2, marked by higher economic outputs and moderate environmental conditions, would benefit from the implementation of smart urban planning, stricter environmental controls, and the adoption of clean technologies. Finally, Cluster 3, which includes highly urbanized areas with robust economic growth, requires expanded green infrastructure, improved sustainable urban practices, and enhanced public transportation systems. These recommendations aim to foster balanced economic growth while preserving environmental integrity across Indonesia’s diverse landscapes.
Resilience and Adaptation: Plant Ecology in Indonesia’s Geothermal Environments Idroes, Ghazi Mauer; Khairan, Khairan; Suhartono, Eko; Prasetio, Rasi; Idroes, Ghalieb Mutig; Suhendrayatna, Suhendrayatna
Leuser Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Heca Sentra Analitika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.60084/ljes.v3i1.294

Abstract

Geothermal ecosystems are defined by extreme environmental conditions, such as elevated temperatures, high concentrations of toxic chemicals, and fluctuations in abiotic stressors, which shape plant survival and adaptation. These unique ecosystems, found across various geothermal regions globally, support specialized plant communities that have developed distinctive morphological, physiological, and ecological adaptations. Indonesia, located on the Pacific Ring of Fire, is one of the world’s richest geothermal nations, offering an important yet underexplored context for studying vegetation in geothermal zones. This review examines the environmental conditions of geothermal ecosystems, the adaptive strategies of vegetation, and patterns of plant diversity within Indonesian geothermal fields. It also explores ecological succession, community dynamics, and the potential use of geothermal vegetation as environmental indicators for biomonitoring. Despite growing interest, significant research gaps remain, particularly in long-term monitoring and the integration of molecular-level studies. Addressing these gaps is essential for enhancing scientific understanding and informing conservation and sustainable geothermal energy development in tropical regions. This review highlights the ecological significance of geothermal vegetation and underscores the need for interdisciplinary research to support both biodiversity preservation and responsible energy exploitation.
Co-Authors Afjal, Mohd Agustina, Maulidar Ali, Najabat Amalina, Faizah Apriliansyah, Feby Attari, Muhammad Umer Quddoos Ayu Puspitasari, Ayu Bani, Nor Yasmin binti Mhd Bruyn, Chané de Chairunnisa, Rizka Çoban, Mustafa Necati Dahlia, Putri Delya, Mussa Issack Devi, N. Chitra Duwal, Niroj Eddy Gunawan, Eddy Eko Suhartono Emran, Talha Bin Fadila, Sintia Fajri, Irfan Fazli, Qalbin Salim Fijay, Ade Habya Fikri, Mumtaz Kemal Fitriyani Fitriyani Furqan, Nurul Ghazi Mauer Idroes Hadiyani, Rahmilia Hafizah, Iffah Hamaguchi, Yoshihiro Hapzi Ali Hardia, Natasha Athira Keisha Hidayatullah, Ferdy Hironimus Kihwili, Erick HUMAM, RAIS AULIA Idroes, Ghifari Maulana Idroes, Rinadi Iin Shabrina Hilal Irsan Hardi Irvanizam, Irvanizam Isaack Delya, Mussa Kadri, Mirzatul Khairan Khairan Khairul, Mhd Khairun Nisa Kihwili, Erick Hironimus Kusumo, Fitranto Lala, Andi Majid, M. Shabri Abd Majumder, Shapan Chandra Mardayanti, Ulfa Marsellindo, Rio Maulana, Aga Maulana, Ar Razy Ridha Maulidar, Putri Mirza, Muhammad Alfin Falha Muhammad Subianto Muksalmina Muksalmina Mursyida, Waliam Nghiem, Xuan-Hoa Nurleila, Nurleila Pernici, Andreea Phonna, Rahmatil Adha Prasetio, Rasi Qashmal, Muhammad Ray, Samrat Razief Perucha Fauzie Afidh Rimal Mahdani Rinaldi Idroes Ringga, Edi Saputra Salim Fazli, Qalbin Salimullah, Abul Hasnat Muhammed Saputra, Fachri Eka Saputra, Jumadil Sasmita, Novi Reandy Sikdar, Asaduzzaman Sofyan Syahnur Sofyan, Rahmi Souvia Rahimah Stancu, Stelian sufriani, sufriani Sugara, Dimas Rendy Sugeng Santoso Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna Suriani Suriani Suwal, Sunil Syahyana, Ahmad T. Zulham Teuku Rizky Noviandy Thahira, Zia Utami, Resty Tamara Wiranatakusuma, Dimas Bagus Zahriah, Zahriah Zhilalmuhana, Teuku Zikra, Naswatun