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Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy)
Published by Universitas Tadulako
ISSN : 24427284     EISSN : 24428744     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (E-ISSN: 2442-8744) (p-ISSN: 2442-7284), is an open access journal (print and e-journal) focusing on the scientific works in the field of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. The articles of this journal are published every six months, that is March and October (2 issues per year). This journal is developed by Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Tadulako University and has been identified in Crossref with the DOI Number : 10.22487/j24428744. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) has been accredited by Kemenristekdikti as Sinta 3 starting from Volume 5 No 1 2019.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 247 Documents
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Evaluation of High-Alert Drug Storage in The Central Pharmacy of RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura: Evaluasi Penyimpanan Obat High Alert di Apotek Sentral RSUD Ratu Zalecha Martapura Rosanti, Diah Aulia; Sari, Sri Oktaviani; Sari, Sindwi Rinanda; Mahendra, Rachul Ridho; Sandi, Dita Ayulia Dwi; Sari, Okta Muthia; Putra, Aditya Maulana Perdana; Rahmatullah, Satrio Wibowo; Jenah, Rina Astiyani; Hafizah, Noor
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 9 No. 2 (2023): (October 2023)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2023.v9.i2.16523

Abstract

Background: High-alert drugs require special attention when used because they can cause adverse reactions. High-alert drugs are classified into 3, namely, concentrated electrolytes, LASA, and cytostatics. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the evaluation of High-alert drug storage at the central pharmacy of Ratu Zalecha Martapura Hospital. Material and Methods: The research was conducted using a descriptive method, with observational data collection using an observation checklist sheet. The population and study sample took data on all High-alert medicines at the central pharmacy of Ratu Zalecha Martapura Hospital. Results: High alert drug storage was based on SOP, placed in a central pharmacy using the FIFO and FEFO methods, was placed in a separate place based on cytotoxic drug groups, electrolyte concentrates, and others. High alert drug storage according to storage temperature requirements for each drug (cold temperature and room temperature), was labeled "high alert" and electrolyte concentrates were only available in pharmaceutical installations. Conclusions: The conclusion of this research was High-alert drug storage in the Pharmaceutical installation of Ratu Zalecha Martapura Hospital have been qualified seven (7) criteria based on Minister of Health Decision Nu. 1128 of 2022 and Minister of Health Regulation Nu. 72 of 2016. Good and correct drug storage is very important in order to maintain the quality and quality of drugs.
Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamic Studies of Secondary Metabolites from Momordica Charantia as Natural Antidiabetic: Studi Penambatan dan Dinamika Molekuler Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Momordica Charantia sebagai Antidiabetes Alami Rollando, Rollando; Chandra, Melisa Dwi; Aftoni, Muhammad Hilmi; Swastika, Windra
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): (March 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i1.15976

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a non-contagious disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Diabetes mellitus occurs when the body cannot receive or use insulin properly. If you already have diabetes, then the patient must take medication continuously because diabetes mellitus is a lifelong disease. Because medicines are quite expensive, alternative ways to cure the disease are needed by consuming traditional medicines, one of which is bitter melon (Momordica charantia). Objectives: This research aims to predict the secondary metabolite compounds in the bitter melon plant, analyze molecular interactions, and identify compounds that can lower blood sugar levels. Material and Methods: 12 compounds from the Momordica charantia plant and six proteins (1IR3, 1RHF, 1XU7, 4PNZ, 4YVP, 2NT7) that will be docked using Pyrx and Yasara Dynamics applications. Results: From the molecular docking results, three compounds with the highest binding affinity were found in Momordica charantia: momordenol, oleanolic acid, and momordicin. Based on molecular dynamics simulations, these three compounds were stable in their interactions with the six proteins tested, namely 1IR3, 1RHF, 4PNZ, 4YVP, 1XU7, and 2NT7. Momordenol and momordicin showed the most stable interaction profiles. Furthermore, ADMET tests showed that momordenol, oleanolic acid, and momordisin have drug-like characteristics. Conclusions: The Momordica charantia plant has the potential to act as an antidiabetic agent.
Characteristics of Metformin Transporter Coding Gene (SLC22A1 rs628031 and SLC47A1 rs2289669) in Healthy Indonesian Subject: Karakteristik Gen Penyandi Transporter Metformin (SLC22A1 rs628031 dan SLC47A1 rs2289669) pada Subyek Sehat Orang Indonesia Susilowati, Endang
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): (March 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i1.16295

Abstract

Background: Metformin might be a first therapy for Type 2 diabetes; however, it had a lot of variation in glycemic response. Objective: to analyze the frequency of minor alleles of the OCT1 coding gene (SLC22A1 rs628031) and MATE1 coding gene (SLC47A1 rs2289669) as well as the genotypic variation of the interaction of these two genetic polymorphisms in healthy subjects of Indonesia. Material and Methods: Through inclusion criteria, the study employed an observational descriptive technique with 70 Indonesian Javanese healthy individuals. Subject health information was obtained from the complete blood routine test, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase/ serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGOT/SGPT), complete urine test, and serum creatinine tests. All data were compared to the normal range. Results: The finding shows that the minor allele frequency on SLC22A1 rs628031 A>G and SLC47A1 rs2289669 G>A respectively at 53% and 36%. There are four SLC22A1 rs628031 and SLC47A1 rs2289669 genetic polymorphism interactions; 16 Wt/Wt (16.75%), 24 Wt/M (25%), 32 M/Wt (33.3%) and 24 M/M (25%). The discovery demonstrates that such minor allele frequencies of the SLC22A1 rs628031 OCT1 and SLC47A1 rs2289669 MATE1 genes in healthy Indonesian subjects are relatively high. The SLC22A1 rs628031 A>G and SLC47A1 rs2289669 G>A respectively at 53% and 36%, almost the same as the minor allele frequencies found in several other Asian countries eg. India, Japan, and China. Conclusions: OCT1 coding genes (SLC22A1 rs628031 A>G) were found more dominant than MATE1 coding genes (SLC47A1 rs2289669 G>A) and both alleles are relatively high in healthy subjects of Indonesia, which can be used as information to explore the consequences of different genes' interactions on the Indonesian pharmacokinetic properties, and the efficacy variations of metformin in Type2 DM patients.
Larvicidal Activity of Bay Leaf (Syzygium polyanthum) Ethanolic Extract in Addition of PEG Diluent on Aedes aegypti Larvae : Aktivitas Larvasida Ekstrak Ethanol Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) Dengan Penambahan Pengencer PEG Terhadap Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Dewi, Listiana Masyita; Salsabila, Tasya Viona; Bestari, Rochmadina Suci; Wahyuni, Sri
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): (October 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i2.16335

Abstract

Background: Dengue Fever (DF) is a viral infection disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti. It is one of Indonesian endemic diseases that reported to occur throughout the year. To break the transmission chain of DF, the use of larvicides is preferred, especially using natural ingredients, such as bay leaves (Syzygium polyanthum). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a dispersant may prevent the clumping of material test so that it can be distributed evenly in water which is the medium of growth for larvae. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of ethanolic extract of bay leaves (EEBL) in addition of PEG diluent on the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. Material and Method: Bay leaves as the main material were extracted using 96% of ethanol, and were applied in two variation concentration, 0.75% and 1%, while the diluent added was PEG. The samples used in this study were Aedes aegypti larvae at stages III-IV, with a total of 25 individuals for each treatment group. Evaluation was performed every 6 hours, for 24 hours, then the results were recorded and analyzed using the Kruskall Wallis test and the Mann Whitney test. Result: In both of variation concentration used, at 24 hours of observation it was obtained the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae was 100%. The p-value obtained for the Kruskall Wallis test was <0.05. From Mann Whitney test, when each of treatment group was compared to the positive control, abate®, the p-value obtained is >0.05, while when they were compared to the negative control, PEG, the p-value obtained is <0.05. Conclusion: 96% ethanolic extract of bay leaves in addition of PEG diluent is effective as Aedes aegypti larvicides. It is also known that EEBL at concentration of 0.75% and 1% in addition of PEG are as effective as abate® as Aedes aegypti larvicides.
Determination of Phenolic and Flavonoid Total Levels and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate, and n-Hexane Extracts of Citrus reticulata Blanco Fruit Peel by DPPH and ABTS Methods: Penetapan Kadar Total Fenol dan Flavonoid serta Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol, Etil Asetat, dan n-Heksan Kulit Buah Citrus reticulata Blanco dengan Metode DPPH dan ABTS Fadhlillah, Faizah Min; Miranti, Mila; Wibowo, Diki Prayugo; Purkon, Dicki Bakhtiar
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): (October 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i2.16399

Abstract

Background: The peel of the fruit Citrus reticulata Blanco has long been used in traditional medicine due to its various properties. Traditional medicine from certain parts of medicinal plants is related to the content of bioactive compounds from the fruit's peel, such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids that can help protect the body from damage caused by free radicals. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the total levels of phenolics and flavonoids as well as antioxidants from ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts from the skin of Citrus reticulata Blanco using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil) and ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulphonate))) methods. Material and Methods: The extraction process was carried out using the maceration ion method with ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane solvents at room temperature for 24 hours. Total phenolic and flavonoid levels in the extract were determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and antioxidant activity testing was determined based on the extract's ability to neutralize free radicals from DPPH and ABTS. Results: The results showed that the ethanol extract of Citrus reticulata Blanco fruit peel had higher total phenolic and flavonoid levels compared to ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts. The total phenolic levels in ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts were 142.02, 74.60, and 57.17 mg GAE/g, respectively. The total flavonoid levels in ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts were 45.96, 40.22, and 38.54 mg QE/g, respectively. In addition, ethanol extract has also shown the strongest antioxidant activity based on the results of testing with DPPH and ABTS methods. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ethanol extract against DPPH and ABTS methods was 23,490 μg/mL and 31,971 μg/mL, respectively, with strong category. Conclusions: This study shows that the skin of Citrus reticulata Blanco fruit contains phenolic compounds and flavonoids that have the potential as natural antioxidants, with ethanol extract being the most promising related to total phenolic and flavonoid levels and antioxidant activity. This information can be used as a basis for developing pharmaceutical dosage products and health supplements that can potentially improve antioxidant/health status in the body.
Lipase Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Jombang Leaves Extract (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg): Aktivitas Penghambatan Enzim Lipase Ekstrak Daun Jombang (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg) Secara In Vitro Muti, Annisa Farida; Adia, Risa; Rifkia, Via; Pradana, Dhigna Luthfiyani Citra
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): (March 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i1.16454

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a condition that occurs due to an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Lipase enzymes play an important role in the process of fat metabolism, making it a target in obesity treatment strategies. Jombang plant has been used for generations as an alternative treatment for various diseases. The main content of secondary metabolite compounds in jombang plants are phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the activity and potential inhibition of jombang plant (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.) against lipase enzyme in vitro. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical screening was determined by a color change reaction with certain reagents, while total phenolic content was carried out using Folin-Ciocalteau reagent spectrophotometrically. The inhibitory activity of 96% ethanol extract of jombang leaves as well as orlistat as positive control was measured by titration method and using olive oil substrate. The extract concentrations used were 125 ppm, 250 ppm, and 500 ppm. Results: Jombang leaf extract contains alkaloid, phenolic, flavonoid and terpenoid compounds qualitatively. Determination of total phenolic content in 96% ethanol extract of jombang leaves was obtained at 12.69 ± 0.91 mgGAE/g. The highest percentage of inhibition was found at a concentration of 500 ppm which amounted to 103.85%. The difference in the percentage of inhibition in all groups showed no significant difference (Sig>0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that jombang leaf extract is able to inhibit lipase enzyme activity with the highest percentage of inhibition was 103,85%.
Analysis of the Effectiveness of Drug Management Systems in Tangerang Selatan General Hospital in 2021: Analisis Efektivitas Sistem Pengelolaan Obat di Rumah Sakit Umum Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2021 Zaafira, Reyhan Diva; Yardi, Yardi
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): (March 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i1.16479

Abstract

Background: Pharmaceutical services are closely related to an optimal drug management system, where with optimal drug management, drug availability can be guaranteed, and patient demand can be fulfilled. Objectives: This study aimed to analized the effectiveness of the drug management system at the distribution stage at the Tangerang Selatan General Hospital in 2021. Material and Methods: The method used wasbased on a book by Satibi in the form of percentage of compatibility of drugs with drug stock cards, Turn Over Ratio (TOR), drug availability levels, percentage of expired and damaged drugs, and percentage of dead stock as measured usedstandards. Data taken prospectively for compatibility of drugs with drug stock cards, and retrospectively for other indicators by looking at generic drug stock cards in 2021. Results: The results showed that the drug compatibility indicators with drug stock cards and the level of availability of drugs were in accordance with the standards, while the Turn Over Ratio (TOR) and dead stock indicators did not meet the standard indicators. Conclusions: The drug management system at the South Tangerang City General Hospital can still be improved.
Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Exposure in Stressed Pregnant Mice on the Anxiety Behavior of the Offspring: Efek Pemberian SSRIs Prenatal pada Perilaku Kecemasan Offspring dari Model Maternal Stres Ardianto, Chrismawan; Aprilia, Pingkan; Rahmadi, Mahardian; Sumartha, I Nengah Budi
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): (March 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i1.16481

Abstract

Background: Stress hurts problem-solving abilities, while anxiety disorders and depression are associated with unpleasant feelings and impaired daily functioning. Open field test (OFT) is used to assess anxiety-like behavior in animals by observing their exploratory behavior. Pregnant women are vulnerable to stress, which increases the risk of premature birth and low birth weight. Stress during pregnancy can also lead to preeclampsia and behavioural problems in newborns. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), commonly used antidepressants during pregnancy, help manage mental disorders by increasing serotonin levels and regulating the endocrine system. They reduce glucocorticoid levels, thereby alleviating anxiety and stress in pregnant women. Objectives: This research investigates the correlation between the administration of SSRIs to stress-induced expectant mothers, the manifestation of depression-like behaviour, and the expression of glucocorticoid receptors in the offspring's hippocampus. Material and Methods: This study included four mouse groups: control without stress, control with offspring stress, stress model with footshock on dams and o ffspring, and stress with fluvoxamine treatment. Depressive and stress-related behaviors were measured using OFT. Results: OFT was used to assess the behaviour of offspring mice. Significant differences were observed in the number of crossings in the centre area and behaviour. The SSRI treatment showed potential anxiolytic effects, while stress led to reduced behaviour. These findings contribute to understanding anxiety-related responses and the effects of stress and SSRI treatment in animal models. Conclusions: OFT revealed significant differences in anxiety behaviour, specifically in the number of crossing centres, the centre area, and behaviour. SSRI treatment exhibited anxiolytic effects, while stress-decreased behaviour findings enhanced our understanding of anxiety responses and the impact of stress and SSRI treatment in animal models.
Effectiveness of Citronella and Basil Essential Oil Spray as Repellents against Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes: Efektivitas Spray Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi Dan Daun Kemangi Sebagai Repellent Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti Qomariyah, Laila Nurul; Kusumo, Djati Wulan; Pratiwi, Elasari Dwi
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): (March 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i1.16499

Abstract

Background: In 2023, Dengue Fever cases in Indonesia reached 35,694 cases from January to May. Dengue Fever is caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Mosquito control efforts have been widely conducted, including the use of chemical insecticides. The use of chemical insecticides can lead to environmental contamination and cause skin irritation. An alternative approach that can be taken is to use natural insecticides. One of the natural insecticides that can be used as a repellent is citronella and basil essential oils. Citronella and basil essential oils contain geraniol and citronellal, which can cause mortality in mosquitoes. This study intends to evaluate the effectiveness of a spray mixture of basil leaves and citronella essential oil as a mosquito repellent. Materials and Methods: Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, basil leaf essential oil, citronella essential oil, propylene glycol, glycerin, butylated hydroxytoluena and etanol 96% v/v. Subsequently, an evaluation of physical properties was conducted, including organoleptic testing, pH, and viscosity evaluation, as well as irritation and repellent activity test. Results: The spray formulations in the control and F1 are clear in color, while F2 and F3 are clear with a slightly yellowish hue. The scent produced has the characteristic smell of citronella. The pH and viscosity tests resulted in pH values consistent with the skin's pH range of 4.5-7 and viscosity within the range of 1-1000 Cp. The spray formulation did not irritate after 48 hours of observation. The results of the effectiveness test indicate that F2 can protect against mosquito bites for 1 hour, while F3 can protect for 3 hours. Conclusion: Citronella essential oil and basil leaves are effective as a repellent for the Aedes aegypti mosquito for 3 hours of use in concentration 15%.
Metabolite Fingerprints and Chemometrics-Based Approach for Discrimination of Miana (Coleus scutellarioides) Variety: Authentication of Traditional Medicine Raw Materials Syahruni, Reny; Umar, Abdul Halim; Lido, Fenisia
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): (October 2024)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24428744.2024.v10.i2.16534

Abstract

Background: Miana (Coleus scutellarioides) is a plant from the Lamiaceae family consisting of several varieties that are traditionally used as medicinal materials, especially its leaves. Objectives: The study aims to classify/discriminate miana varieties based on FT-IR spectroscopic profiles and chemometric analysis (PCA, HCA, and PLS). Material and Methods: There are four samples used in this study, namely purple miana, green miana, batik miana, and combination miana (combination colour). The powders of the four miana samples were analyzed using FT-IR spectroscopy, then analyzed by chemometric techniques using PCA, HCA, and PLS to see the clustering patterns and functional group markers of the samples. Results: Based on chemometric analysis of FT-IR data, the four species of miana leaves showed grouping based on their varieties, respectively. The total PC value was 99.5% (PC-1 97.7% and PC-2 1.8%). HCA analysis at a distance of 2.5 resulted in 4 groups: a (DMB, DMK, and DMU), b (DMU and DMK), c (DMU and DMK), and d (DMH). PLS analysis using VIP scores showed C–H and C=O groups with values > 1. Conclusions: The combination of FT-IR and chemometrics can be applied to discriminate miana samples in quality control and authentication of traditional medicine raw materials. Analysis with LC-MS/MS and NMR instruments is needed for further analysis and support compounds that have the potential to distinguish the four miana varieties.

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