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Medical Laboratory Technology Journal
Published by Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin
ISSN : -     EISSN : 24610879     DOI : https://doi.org/10.31964/mltj
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Nursing Public Health
The aim of this journal publication is to disseminate the conceptual thoughts or ideas and research results that have achieved in the area of medical laboratory sciences. This Journal particularly focuses on the main problems in the development of the sciences of medical laboratory areas. It covers the parasitology, bacteriology, virology, hematology, clinical chemistry, toxicology, food and drink chemistry, and any sciences that cover sciences of medical laboratory area.
Arjuna Subject : Imunologi dan Mikrobiologi (semua kategori) - Mikrobiologi dan Bioteknologi Terapan
Articles 193 Documents
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Amino Acid Mutations of OprD Protein in Pseudomonas aeruginosa After Meropenem Exposure Evendi, Agus; Harlita, Tiara Dini; Azahra, Sresta
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i1.646

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative pathogen associated with nosocomial infections and increased resistance to carbapenems, often linked to porin OprD inactivation. This study aimed to analyse amino acid substitutions in the OprD protein of two meropenem-sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (AK36 and AK237b) after 12 days of in vitro exposure to subinhibitory meropenem concentration (0.5 µg/mL). DNA was extracted at three time points (days 0, 5, and 12) and the oprD gene was sequenced using Sanger sequencing. Protein sequences were aligned and modelled using Swiss-Model to identify mutations and to assess structural changes. By day 12, AK36 had Gln67Lys and Gly68Ser substitutions, whereas AK237b had Glu169Lys. Structural modelling suggests these mutations may alter porin conformation and reduce membrane permeability. Despite no increase in the MIC, oprD expression was suppressed, indicating early adaptation. These findings support the hypothesis that prolonged meropenem pressure induces molecular changes that precede phenotypic resistance. This study highlights the importance of monitoring porin mutations as an early indicator of carbapenem resistance in clinical microbiology. This could help to improve antibiotic stewardship by identifying isolates at risk of developing resistance before it becomes clinically apparent.
The Effect of Jeruju Leaf Brew (Acanthus ilicifolius L) on HOMA-IR and TNF-α in White Rats Induce by STZ-NA Majdiyyah, Munifa; Chairina, Ade; Nur Afifah, Diana; Syauqy, Ahmad
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i1.648

Abstract

The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has reported a consistent global rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Conventional T2DM treatments such as metformin, sulfonylureas, and insulin therapy are effective. Still, they can lead to side effects, including gastrointestinal disturbances, hypoglycemia, renal impairment, weight gain, and complications associated with injection procedures. The herbal remedies are considered a natural alternative with fewer adverse effects. Acanthus ilicifolius (Jeruju) contains antioxidant compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins and may serve as a complementary therapy. This study investigated the effect of jeruju leaf brew at 6 ml/kg/day and 12 ml/kg/day on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels. Using a true experiment with a randomized post-test only with a control group design, 30 rats were divided into five groups (K0, K−, K+, P1, and P2). After 28 days of intervention, groups P1 and P2 showed significant reductions in TNF-α (7.80 pg/ml and 6.94 pg/ml, respectively) and HOMA-IR (3.75 and 3.28, respectively). These findings indicate that a higher dose of jeruju leaf brew results in greater reductions in TNF-α and HOMA-IR levels in T2DM rats.
Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Limau Kuit Peel (Citrus hystrix) Extract with Variation of Extraction Solvent Rizki, Muhammad Ikhwan; Agustina, Ni Kadek Ayu; Sari , Anna Khumaira; Rahmatullah, Satrio Wibowo; Isnani, Nazhipah
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i1.650

Abstract

Limau kuit (Citrus hystrix) has been traditionally utilized for its therapeutic properties, particularly the antioxidant potential of its peel. Extraction is preferred for medicinal use, with solvent selection playing a critical role in determining the yield and concentration of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to assess the characteristics and antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ value) of Limau Kuit peel extract extracted with three different solvents. The research methods, starting with sample preparation, were carried out by drying Limau Kuit peel, then extraction using three different solvents: distilled water, ethanol 70%, and ethanol 96%. Extraction with distilled water solvent used the infusion method, while the ethanol solvent used the maceration method. The third extract was then characterized based on the parameters of percent yield, organoleptic testing, phytochemical screening, chromatography profile, and determination of total flavonoid levels. Antioxidant activity testing on the third extract using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The study results showed that the third extract had the same shape, color, aroma, taste, and compound content: flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, and terpenoids. The results of thin-layer chromatography also showed no difference in the third extract. The characteristic differences were found in the parameters of percent yield and total flavonoid content.  The highest total flavonoid content of Limau Kuit (Citrus hystrix) peel extract was obtained using 70% ethanol (11.47% w/w), followed by 96% ethanol (6.39% w/w), and distilled water (2.82% w/w). Antioxidant activity, evaluated using the IC₅₀ value as the parameter, showed that the 70% ethanol extract exhibited the strongest activity (21.26 ppm, very strong), followed by the 96% ethanol extract (31.87 ppm, very strong), and distilled water extract (70.91 ppm, strong). This study concludes that 70% ethanol is the most effective solvent for extracting antioxidant-rich compounds from Limau Kuit peel, supporting its potential use in herbal formulations.
Infectıon of Hepatıtıs B Vırus and Hepatıtıs C Vırus in Thalassemıa Setiawan, Doni; Istianah, Euis Tia; Ariani, Dini; Setiawan, Henri
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i2.638

Abstract

Thalassemia disease remains incurable and causes many complications. People with thalassemia major require routine lifelong blood transfusions. A main risk of transfusion is infection with diseases transmitted through blood, which is among the most frequent causes of death in thalassemia patients. Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) include hepatitis B and hepatitis C. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and C in thalassemia patients in Ciamis Regency and examine the relationship between transfusion frequency and these infections. The method was a cross-sectional study on thalassemia patients who received blood transfusions. The study included 191 thalassemia patients at Ciamis Hospital from January to June 2023. Purposive sampling selected 89 patients as the sample. Hepatitis B and C tests used immunochromatography. The prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatitis B Virus infections in thalassemia patients in Ciamis Regency was 2.2% and 3.4%, respectively. The chi-square test showed a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between transfusion frequency and hepatitis B and C infection in thalassemia patients. This result suggests a risk of hepatitis B and C infection. Thalassemia patients are potentially susceptible to blood-borne Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatitis B Virus. These infections increase morbidity due to transfusion therapy. Routine inspection for Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus is essential for thalassemia patients. These results emphasize the need for strict screening protocols in blood transfusion processing.
Effect of Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) Gel on PDGF and IL-6 Expression in UVB-Exposed Wistar Rats Pratiwi, Desy Elia; Wibowo, Joko Wahyu; Isradji, Israhanto
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i2.660

Abstract

Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure can trigger inflammation and inhibit skin regeneration by decreasing Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and increasing Interleukin-6 (IL-6). Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its effectiveness as a topical gel has not been widely studied. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L) extract gel on IL-6 and PDGF expression in Wistar rats exposed to UVB. This study is an in vivo experimental study with a post-test-only control group design. A total of 20 Wistar rats (200–250 g) were divided into four groups consisting of 5 rats per group: K1 (healthy control), K2 (gel base + UV-B), K3 (5% Clitoria ternatea gel + UV-B), and K4 (10% Clitoria ternatea gel + UV-B). UV-B exposure was carried out for 20 minutes/day (160 mJ/cm²) for 7 days. PDGF and IL-6 expression were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Statistical tests using Shapiro-Wilk, Levene, Kruskal-Wallis for PDGF expression, and One-Way ANOVA for IL-6 expression. Studies have shown that PDGF expression did not show significant differences between groups (p=0.455), with an average expression of K1: 1.39±0.62, K2: 1.39±0.61, K3: 1.66±0.87, and K4: 1.52±1.88. IL-6 expression was also similar (p=0.663), an average of K1: 1.02±0.18, K2: 1.11±0.33, K3: 1.22±0.23, and K4: 1.16±0.26. Conclusion: Administration of Clitoria ternatea L. extract gel did not have a significant effect on PDGF and IL-6 expression in the skin of Wistar rats exposed to UVB light. Both 5% and 10% doses showed no significant difference in the expression of the two markers; further studies with larger sample sizes, longer treatment durations, and improved topical delivery systems are needed. are recommended to better evaluate its therapeutic potential.
The Effects of Sungkai Leaf and Cinnamon Bark Extracts on MDA and IL-10 in MSG Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Wistar Rats Afrianti, Dina; Maulana, Mochamad Rizal; Sakdiah, Siti; Febriyani, Erisa; Wahyudi, Wahyudi; Ali, Irwan
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i2.661

Abstract

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is known to trigger oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to kidney tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of sungkai leaf extract (Peronema canescens Jack) and cinnamon bark extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) on kidney histology, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in male Wistar rats induced with excessive MSG. A total of 30 rats were divided into six groups: normal control, positive control (MSG only), and four treatment groups receiving MSG alongside sungkai leaf extract (28 mg or 56 mg) or cinnamon bark extract (4% or 8%) for 10 days. MDA and IL-10 levels were measured using ELISA, and kidney tissue was examined histologically. The results showed that both extracts significantly reduced MDA (P= 0,000)  levels and increased IL-10 (P= 0,000)   levels compared to the positive control. The most prominent protective effect was observed in the group treated with 56 mg of sungkai leaf extract, followed by the 8% cinnamon bark group. Histopathological analysis revealed notable improvements in kidney structure, approaching normal conditions in treated groups. These findings suggest that sungkai leaf and cinnamon bark extracts, particularly at higher doses, offer protective benefits against MSG-induced kidney damage through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
The Effect of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) Extract Cream on VEGF and IL-10 in Xerotic Rats Yanti, Erica Lidya; Harlisa, Pasid; Zulaikhah, Siti Thomas
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i2.664

Abstract

Xerosis cutis is a chronic dry skin condition aggravated by impaired skin barrier function and increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Decreased levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) contribute to prolonged inflammation and hinder tissue regeneration. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) contains flavonoids and vitamin C, which possess anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties, making it a promising candidate for natural topical therapy. This study aimed to determine the effect of cucumber extract cream on IL-10 and VEGF levels in the skin of female Wistar rats with grade II xerosis cutis induced by acetone and ethanol. This experimental research employed a post-test only control group design. A total of 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control, negative control, positive control (10% ceramide cream), and two treatment groups receiving cucumber extract cream at concentrations of 3% and 5%. Following the induction of xerosis, the respective creams were applied topically for 14 consecutive days. Results showed that administration of 5% cucumber extract cream significantly increased VEGF levels (715.75 ± 152.65 ng/L) and IL-10 levels (200.35 ± 43.49 pg/mL) compared to the negative control (VEGF 494.29 ± 95.05 ng/L; IL-10 120.62 ± 22.11 pg/mL, p<0.05). The 3% cucumber extract cream also elevated VEGF (522.96 ± 115.48 ng/L) and IL-10 (197.86 ± 31.32 pg/mL), though less effectively than the 5% formulation. Meanwhile, the group treated with ceramide 10% cream showed increases in VEGF (694.87 ± 180.52 ng/L) and IL-10 (140.85 ± 32.42 pg/mL), indicating that cucumber extract at 5% comparable to ceramide therapy. In conclusion, cucumber extract cream, particularly at 5% concentration, significantly enhances IL-10 and VEGF levels in the skin of xerosis cutis model rats. These findings indicate its potential as an effective natural topical therapy for reducing inflammation and promoting skin regeneration in xerosis cutis caused by chemical exposure.
Diagnostic Utility of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Correlation with Procalcitonin Levels among Neonates with Suspected Sepsis Nurhidayanti, Nurhidayanti; Aristoteles, Aristoteles
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i2.674

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in resource-limited settings. The gold standard blood culture is limited by delayed turnaround time and suboptimal sensitivity, necessitating rapid, reliable biomarkers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and procalcitonin (PCT). Objective: to investigate the correlation between NLR and PCT levels in neonates with suspected sepsis, and evaluate the feasibility of NLR as an early diagnostic tool alongside PCT. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Muhammadiyah Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia, from January to March 2024. Thirty neonates aged 0–28 days with clinical suspicion of sepsis were recruited by purposive sampling. NLR values were obtained from automated hematology analyzers, and PCT levels were measured using fluorescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis used Spearman’s correlation, with p < 0.05 considered significant. The mean NLR was 3.99 (range: 2.3–6.2), and the mean PCT level was 5.72 ng/mL (range: 2.9–9.2 ng/mL). A significant positive correlation was observed between NLR and PCT (r = 0.684, p < 0.001), indicating that higher NLR values corresponded with elevated PCT levels. The study concludes that NLR shows a strong, statistically significant correlation with PCT in neonates with suspected sepsis. As a cost-effective and widely available marker, NLR can serve as an early screening tool, with PCT providing confirmatory value. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size and single-center study design, which may limit the generalizability of the results.
Interaction Between Agricultural Environmental Exposure and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Risk Abdussalam, Arrizqi Hafidh; Kurniati, Yuni Prastyo; Romadhon, Yusuf Alam; Permatasari, Happy Kurnia; Sutrisna, Em
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i2.675

Abstract

Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy among women worldwide, and environmental exposures may contribute to breast carcinogenesis through inflammatory pathways such as NLR, PLR, and interferon-γ. This study aimed to examine the association between agricultural environmental exposure, represented by rice field area, and inflammatory biomarkers including the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Interferon-γ in breast cancer. A case–control method was applied to 128 histopathologically confirmed samples consisting of 100 malignant (Invasive Carcinoma NST) and 28 benign (Fibroadenoma Mammae) breast tumors; hematologic indices were derived from preoperative blood tests, IFN-γ expression was analyzed immunohistochemically, and rice field proportions near participants’ residences were obtained from national statistics, with data analyzed using Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that agricultural exposure (rice field ≥60%) was not significantly associated with breast cancer (p = 0.703), whereas elevated NLR (OR = 4.89, p = 0.014), PLR (OR = 12.13, p = 0.017), and IFN-γ expression ≥20% (aOR = 23.94, p = 0.049) were significantly associated with malignancy. In conclusion, although agricultural land area was not a direct risk factor, inflammatory and immune biomarkers—particularly IFN-γ—served as strong predictors of breast cancer, indicating their potential utility in risk stratification for agrarian populations.
Nutritional Content, Subchronic Toxicity, and Antidysmenorrhea Activity of Instant Herbal Medicine Mixture of Red Ginger and White Ginger Dewi, Vonny Khresna; Kirana, Rita; Rizki, Muhammad Ikhwan
Medical Laboratory Technology Journal Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Banjarmasin Jurusan Analis Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31964/mltj.v11i2.685

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that occurs in 69.8% of women. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) contains various secondary metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to determine its characteristics, including nutritional value and stability, product safety through toxicity testing, and product efficacy. The research stages include research ethics testing and the production of instant powder from a mixture of red and white ginger. Nutritional content analysis included total fat, saturated fat, protein, and carbohydrates. Physical and chemical stability testing was carried out for three months. Subchronic toxicity testing used Wistar rats for 28 days by drawing blood before and after treatment, accompanied by liver delivery. Blood samples were analyzed for SGPT and SGOT levels. The test was conducted on 10 women aged 18-20, divided into two groups. The treatment group was given 20 grams of instant ginger in the morning and evening for 10 days, and compared with the control group without treatment. Pain was measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the study. The study showed that instant ginger herbal medicine contained 0.83% total fat, 0.17% saturated fat, 3.73% total protein, and 35.42% total carbohydrates. The stability test results showed no changes in the physical and chemical parameters of the test. The results of the subchronic toxicity test showed that the body weight of mice, liver weight, SGOT levels, and SGPT levels of mice were normal. The activity test showed a decrease in pain from before to after administration of instant ginger, with an average VAS value of 7.8 to 4.2. This study concluded that instant ginger, a mixture of red and white ginger, has good nutritional content, is physically and chemically stable, is non-toxic, and is effective in reducing dysmenorrhea.

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