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Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 25497715     EISSN : 25497715     DOI : -
Jurnal Ilmu Budaya (Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya) merupakan jurnal yang dikelola oleh Fakultas Ilmu Budaya sebagai media publikasi ilmiah hasil penelitian dalam bidang bahasa, sastra, seni, dan budaya, termasuk pengajarannya. Terbit sebanyak empat kali setahun, yaitu pada bulan Januari, April, Juli, dan Oktober, dan diterbitkan hanya dalam format elektronik.
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Articles 617 Documents
TINDAK TUTUR ILOKUSI DALAM UJARAN KEBENCIAN PADA BALASAN TWEET @SAFARINASWIFTY: KAJIAN PRAGMATIK Putri, Asdania Dwi; Murtadlo, Akhmad; Purwanti, Purwanti
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 4, No 4 (2020): Oktober 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i4.4408

Abstract

This study uses hate speeches on the tweet replies of the account @safarinaswifty to be analyzed using pragmatics theory. This study aims to describe the forms as well as the types of the hate speech on @safarinaswifty tweet replies. This study is a library research with descriptive-qualitative approach. The data of this study were collected by using uninvolved conversation observation, recording (screenshoot), and writing techniques. The data analysis technique used was by including stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion. In this study, there were 4 (four) forms of illocutionary acts found in the hate speech on @safarinaswifty’s tweet replies. The illocutionary acts found were directives, expressives, representatives and commissives. The directive illocutionary acts employed in the data were indirect orders by the speaker that implied satire. The expressive illocutionary acts employed had words that showed negative expressions. The representative illocutionary acts employed in the data that contained facts, affirmations, conclusions, and descriptions of either things or occasions. The commissive illocutionary acts were employed in the data that had the word ‘mau’ said by the speaker and those that contained of promises. Besides, there found two types of hate speech on @safarinaswifty’s tweet replies. The types of the hate speech were insult and blasphemy. The speakers uttered the words of insult or humiliation such as stupid, attention-seeker, full of bullshits, dumb, pig, and other curse words. Penelitian ini menggunakan ujaran-ujaran kebencian dalam balasan tweet pada akun @safarinaswifty yang dianalisis menggunakan kajian pragmatik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, mendeskripsikan bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi dan jenis-jenis ujaran kebencian pada balasan tweet @safarinaswifty. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik Simak Bebas Libat Cakap (SBLC), teknik rekam (screenshot), dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu dengan tahapan mereduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan simpulan. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan empat bentuk tindak tutur ilokusi pada ujaran kebencian dalam balasan tweet @safarinaswifty. Tindak tutur ilokusi yang ditemukan berupa tindak tutur direktif, ekspresif, representatif, dan komisif. Tindak tutur direktif terdapat pada data yang merupakan perintah yang disampaikan penutur secara tidak langsung dan mengarah menyindir. Tindak tutur ekspresif yang ditemukan memiliki kata-kata yang menunjukkan suatu ungkapan perasaan negatif. Tindak tutur representatif terdapat pada data yang menyatakan suatu pernyataan mengenai fakta, penegasan, kesimpulan, dan menyatakan deskripsi akan sesuatu benda atau peristiwa. Tindak tutur komisif ditemukan pada data yang memiliki kata mau yang disampaikan penutur dan berisi mengenai janji. Selain itu, ditemukan dua jenis ujaran kebencian yang terdapat dalam balasan tweet @safarinaswifty. Jenis ujaran kebencian tersebut berupa ujaran kebencian penghinaan dan penistaan. Penutur menyampaikan kata-kata menghina dan merendahkan seperti bodoh, cari perhatian, banyak omong kosong, goblok, babi dan kata kotor atau umpatan.
REFLEKSI MASYARAKAT DAYAK TUNJUNG DALAM DONGENG AJI DAN KILIP BERSAUDARA (KAJIAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA AUGUSTE COMTE) Juan, Ambrosius; Mursalim, Mursalim; Dahlan, Dahri
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 5, No 1 (2021): Januari 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/ilmubudaya.v5i1.4495

Abstract

Abstrak DongengAji  dan Kilip  Bersaudara  adalah  cerita  rakyat  yang lahir  dan berkembang di masyarakat Dayak Tunjung Kalimantan Timur. Diceritakan bahwa kaum lelaki Dayak Tunjung yang berburu di dalam hutan dan di usik mahkluk gaib  yang  bernama  Wok  Lemo  Bawo.  Makhluk  gaib  tersebut  tewas  lalu tumbuhlah padi dan palawija. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan dongeng Aji dan Kilip Bersaudara dengan menggunakan teori struktur faktual dan mendeskripsikan hokum tiga tahap menurut Auguste Comte dalam dongeng Aji dan Kilip Bersaudara. Penelitian ini menerapkan analisis pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Mendeskripsikan peristiwa-peristiwa yang menggambarkan perkembangan masyarakat dengan analisis berupa reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan hasil penelitian. Analisis awalmenggunakan teori struktur factual untuk mendapatkan struktur cerita. Teori selanjutnya adalah hokum tiga tahap menurut Comte. Teori tersebut digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan perkembangan masyarakat yang dialami tokoh dalam dongeng Aji dan Kilip Bersaudara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan struktur factual dalam dongeng Aji dan Kilip Bersaudara terdapat alur,  karakter,  dan latar.  Dongeng ini menggunakan  alur maju, karakater yang terdapat dalam dongeng ini ialah karakter pemberani, penakut, dan rakus. Gambaran latar dalam dongeng yaitu di Kabupaten Kutai Barat, Kalimantan Timur. Permasalahan yang terjadi di dalam dongeng menunjukkan refleksi masyarakat Dayak Tunjung pada tahap teologis masyarakat yakin dengan hal supernatural serta kemunculan benih tanaman dari muntahan makhluk  gaib.  Tahap  metafisik  mulai  mendapat  kesadaran  akan  sebab  akibat tetapi masih tanpa verifikasi, tokoh Kilip penasaran mengapa tidak satu pun jerat- jerat tersebut membuahkan hasil. Tahap positif masyarakat berhasil membuat jalur perangkap diprediksi akan dilewati hewan darat,   kejadian tersebut menandai pemikiran masyarakat di tahap positif. Kata  kunci:  auguste  comte, dongeng aji  dan kilip bersaudara, refleksi suku dayak tunjung
SAMANNTHA WHITE’S STRUGGLE IN JUSTIN SIMIEN’S DEAR WHITE PEOPLE (2014) FILM Nasrullah, Nasrullah; Dyrata, Halwin Esa Ikrar
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 4 (2020): Oktober 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/ilmubudaya.v4i4.4931

Abstract

ABSTRACTRacism is still common in human life today. Racism usually occurs when blacks are bullied or otherwise mistreated by whites. This can make blacks strong enough and claim equal rights in public. As a reflection of real life, one of the films that fight for equal rights (anti-racism) is the Dear White People film. This research aims to analyze the struggles of the characters in the Dear White People film, where blacks demand that there is no mixing of whites and blacks because the environment on the Wenchester campus is mostly black. In this research, researcher used qualitative methods. In this research, researcher took data through conversations carried out by characters in the Dear White People film. The results of the research were the data collected by the researcher only obtained three of the five analyzes.Keywords: racism, struggle, film
GENDER PERFORMATIVITY IN CHAINANI’S THE SCHOOL FOR GOOD AND EVIL NOVEL Fitriani, Alfisyahrin; Sunggingwati, Dyah; Nasrullah, Nasrullah
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 5, No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v5i2.3745

Abstract

It is started since the canonical story of Adam and Eve, individuals are labeled right after their birth as, “it’s a girl” or “it’s a boy”. This binary system of women (girl) and men (boy) continues to have a default setting that women should align with her gender that is feminine, while men should be masculine. The presumption of the default alignments also intersects to the expectation of individual’s sexuality, that is, heterosexual. The situation then dichotomizes people’s normality. This process is called social construction of gender which was asserted by Judith Butler. This research analyzed gender construction in The School for Good and Evil novel by Chainani using Judit Butler’s Gender Performativity theory. There were two discussions taken in the research. First is the identification of social construction in the novel. Second is the identification of how the two main  female characters perform their gender despite the social construction of gender inscribed to them. The research used qualitative method. The researcher used a close reading process to do the data collection technique. The result of this research reveals that the social construction of gender in the novel were surrounded all aspects of human life. The society constructed body features, appearance, roles, traits, sexuality, and punishment based on individuals’ gender category. It is also found that the two main female characters were gender fluid that at certain stages they were conforming to the construction but also negating the construction.
CLASS EXPLOITATION IN RON RASH’S SERENA NOVEL: A MARXIST CRITICISM Nurman, Muniralizah; Kuncara, Singgih Daru; Muhajir, Fatimah
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.3101

Abstract

ABSTRACTThis study examined Serena novel written by Ron Rash as the object of the research. The aimed of this research was to find out the portrayal of class distinction and labor exploitation in the novel. To achieve the purposes of the study, the research applied Marx’s Social Class and Exploitation theory, and International Labor Organization or ILO’s Indicators of Labor Exploitation. This research used descriptive qualitative research method and Marxist criticism to analyze the social issue of class exploitation reflected in the novel. The data in this research were words, phrases, sentences and paragraphs that indicated social class and exploitation. The result of this research showed two social classes, they were bourgeoisie and proletariat. Bourgeoisie referred to Serena, Pemberton, Buchanan and Wilkie who were owner of timber business, while proletariat were the workers whose life only depended on bourgeoisie for employment. Meanwhile, there were four forms of labor exploitation. First was excessive working hour, like worked eleven hours shift a day and only fifteen minutes break. Second was low salary, like cheap labor and inappropriate wages. Third was bad living condition, like limited and uncomfortable living condition, live in cheap and ragged wooden boxcar. And fourth was hazardous work, like no safety equipment, manual and dangerous tools, forced to work in moody ground and against extreme cold. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji novel Serena yang ditulis oleh Ron Rash sebagai objek penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan gambaran perbedaan kelas dan eksploitasi pekerja di dalam novel. Untuk memperoleh tujuan penelitian, penelitian ini menggunakan teori Kelas Sosial dan Eksploitasi oleh Karl Marx, dan teori Indikator Eksploitasi Pekerja oleh International Labor Organization (ILO). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan kritik Marxis untuk menganalisis isu sosial yaitu eksploitasi kelas di dalam novel. Data penelitian ini adalah kata, frasa, kalimat dan paragraf yang menunjukkan kelas sosial dan eksploitasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan dua kelas sosial, yaitu borjuis dan proletar. Borjuis adalah Serena, Pemberton, Buchanan dan Wilkie, yaitu pemilik dari bisnis kayu, sedangkan proletar adalah para pekerja yang hidupnya hanya bergantung pada pekerjaan yang diberikan oleh borjuis. Sementara itu. ada empat bentuk eksploitasi pekerja. Pertama adalah hari dan waktu kerja yang berlebihan, seperti bekerja dengan selama sebelas jam per hari dan limas belas menit istirahat. Kedua adalah gaji rendah, seperti pekerja murah dan gaji yang tidak sesuai. Ketiga adalah kondisi tempat tinggal yang buruk, seperti kondisi tempat tinggal yang terbatas dan tidak nyaman, ditempatkan di sebuah mobil kotak dari kayu yang murah dan compang-camping. Dan keempat adalah kerja yang penuh resiko, seperti tidak ada peralatan keamanan, alat kerja manual dan berbahaya, dipaksa untuk berkerja di lahan berlumpur dan melawan cuaca dingin yang ekstrim. 
IMPLIKATUR DALAM NOVEL TUHAN, IZINKAN AKU MENJADI PELACUR! KARYA MUHIDIN M. DAHLAN Asriani, Asriani
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 4, No 4 (2020): Oktober 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i4.3305

Abstract

 This study examines maxim violations and implicatures in novel Tuhan, Izinkan Aku menjadi Pelacur! by Muhidin M. Dahlan. This research aims: (1) to describe the violations of the maxims contained in novel Tuhan, Izinkan Aku menjadi Pelacur! by Muhidin M. Dahlan and (2) describe the types of implicature contained in novel Tuhan, Izinkan Aku menjadi Pelacur! by Muhidin M. Dahlan. In order to answer the existing problem formulation, this study uses the cooperative theory proposed by Yule (2014) to answer the first problem formulation that addresses the maxim violation. Then, to answer the second problem formulation that discusses the types of implicature using Grice's theory of conversational implicature. This research is included in the type of library research using a qualitative descriptive approach. The data and data sources used in this study are sentences in the form of dialogue contained in novel Tuhan, Izinkan Aku menjadi Pelacur! by Muhidin M. Dahlan. Then, the data collection technique used is the technique of reading and recording using four stages in the analysis, namely: the identification stage, the classification stage, the interpretation stage and the conclusion drawing stage. The results of the study: (1) there are four maxims violations in novel Tuhan, Izinkan Aku menjadi Pelacur! Muhidin M. Dahlan's work, namely: violating the quality maxim, violating the quantity maxim, violating the behavior maxim, and violating the relation maxim. (2) There are four types of implicature in novel Tuhan, Izinkan Aku menjadi Pelacur! by Muhidin M. Dahlan's works, namely: general conversation implications, scale conversation implications, special conversation implications, and conventional conversation implications.
THE HIERARCHY OF NEEDS PORTRAYED IN JIM PRESTON’S CHARACTER IN PASSENGERS (2016) FILM Yupita Citra; M. Natsir; Anjar Dwi Astuti
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 4, No 3 (2020): Juli 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v4i3.2892

Abstract

ABSTRACT This research is intended to find out the needs of Jim’s character which was portrayed in Passengers (2016) film. It was also to identify the fulfilment of his needs based on five stages of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. The theory that is used to analyze the main character in this film was the hierarchy of needs theory. It was Abraham Maslow’s theory which consists of five stages of human needs. The researcher used descriptive qualitative method by Elo and Kyngas. The result of this research shows Jim fulfilled five of his needs, which are physiological needs, safety needs, belongingness and love needs, self-esteem, and self-actualization. There were moments where he has fulfilled higher stage of needs, but another needs from the lower stage appear. For example, at some scenes he fulfilled his love and belongingness needs by waking Aurora up and some sparks of love appear between them. When Arthur the bartender robot told Aurora the truth that Jim was the one who took her life from her, Jim back to the stage where he has love and belongingness needs. Jim also actualized himself as a mechanic, a rate two mechanic, which he thought was useful on the starship. Even though he has reached the highest stage of hierarchy of needs, another needs from lower stage appeared. Safety needs appeared when the starship got hit by a huge meteor and damages multiple parts of the starship at once.  ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebutuhan dari karakter Jim yang di gambarkan dalam film Passengers (2016). Selain itu juga untuk mengidentifikasi pemenuhan dari kebutuhannya berdasarkan lima tingkatan Hierarchy of Needs dari Maslow. Teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisa karakter utama dalam film ini adalah teori Hierarchy of Needs yang terdiri dari lima tingkatan kebutuhan manusia. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif oleh Elo dan Kyngas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan Jim memenuhi lima kebutuhannya, yaitu kebutuhan fisiologi, kebutuhan keamanan, kebutuhan akan rasa memiliki dan cinta, harga diri, dan aktualisasi diri. Ada saat-saat dimana ia telah memenuhi kebutuhan di tingkat yang lebih tinggi, namun kebutuhan dari tingkat lebih rendah muncul. Misalnya, pada beberapa adegan ia telah memenuhi kebutuhan akan cinta dan rasa memiliki dengan membangunkan Aurora dan cinta muncul diantara mereka. Saat Arthur sang bartender memberitahu Aurora bahwa Jim adalah orang yang merenggut hidupnya darinya, Jim kembali ke tahap dimana ia memliki kebutuhan akan cinta dan rasa memiliki. Jim juga mengaktualisasikan dirinya sebagai mekanik, mekanik tingkat dua, yang menurutnya akan berguna di pesawat luar angkasa. Meskipun ia telah mencapai tingkat tertinggi dari Hierarchy of Needs, kebutuhan lain dari tingkatan lebih rendah muncul. Kebutuhan akan keamanan muncul ketika kapal luar angkasa tekena meteor besar dan merusak beberapa bagian kapal luar angkasa. Kata kunci: Hierarchy of Needs, Karakter, Karakterisasi, Passengers
MAJAS DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN HIMNE BUNGA-BUNGA DI LADANG KARYA CLARA NG Rahayu, Yayuk Dwi; Sulistyowati, Endang Dwi; Hanum, Irma Surayya
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni, dan Budaya Vol 5, No 1 (2021): Januari 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v5i1.3034

Abstract

The study discusses the type of figure of speech and the function of figure of speech in collections of peerlike hymn hymns on Clara ng's field. As for the purpose of this study, to describe the type of majas and the function of figure of speech in clusters of flower hymns in Clara ng's field. The study is a kind of literature type, using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data in this study consists of words and sentences found in packets of flower hymns in Clara ng's field of short stories The flower hymns in the fields, happy birthday, a cidade maravilhosa, monsoon, beautiful eyes, the nostra senhora del rosario. The data-collection techniques in this study use both the punctuation and the logging techniques. The techniques of the data analysis used in this study use stilistica theory through data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. This research produces several conclusions as follows: first there are various types of figure of speech; contention conflict, comparison force, affirmation cooperation, allusion management. The use of the most dominant figure of speech is the hyperbole type comparison and the repetition type confirmation affirmation. Second, the majas function used in the collection of short stories Bunga-Bunga Hymns in Clara Ng's Field; 1) concretizing or clarifying statements, 2) comparing things differently, 3) affirming or reinforcing statements, 4) refining expressions, 5) beautifying statements, 6) insinuating or criticizing a situation.
IMPLICATURE IN THE PROPOSAL MOVIE Aprillia Miftaqul Wijiningtias; M Bahri Arifin; Ririn Setyowati
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 5, No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v5i2.3944

Abstract

The purposes of this research were to find out all utterances by the main characters Margaret Tate and Andrew Paxton that contains implicature and its context in The Proposal movie. This research was categorized as qualitative research and used content analysis approach. The researcher used The Proposal (2006) movie as the source of data. The data were taken from the utterances between the main characters Margaret Tate and Andrew Paxton that contained implicature based on implicature theory by Grice and its context used context theory by Hymes. The findings reveal that the researcher got 23 data of conversational implicature and 14 data of conventional implicature. 15 data from 23 data of conversational implicature are done by Andrew. From the data that the researcher found, component of the context that prominent between Andrew and Margaret was participants. From 15 data of conversational implicature done by Andrew, the contexts of participant are vertical dimension. Vertical dimension is a component that relates to social factors such as age or social status. The seven data of this research were vertical dimension of social status between Margaret as a boss and Andrew as her assistant. Then, the other eight data were social status of both of Margaret and Andrew as a fake lover. The context of participant in this research became the benchmark for the researcher to find the implied meaning.
CLASS STRUGGLE IN ALITA: BATTLE ANGEL FILM Soffan Soffa; Singgih Daru Kuncara; Indah Sari Lubis
Ilmu Budaya: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, Seni dan Budaya Vol 5, No 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/jbssb.v5i2.3295

Abstract

This research aimed to describe the classes struggle conducted by the five main characters of Alita: Battle Angel film (Dr. Ido, Alita, Dr. Chiren, Hugo, and Nova) by using two theories of Tyson about social class and class struggle. The form of research design was qualitative with content analysis as its approach. Words in the forms of narrations and dialogues were the data of this research and taken from Alita: Battle Angel film script. The findings of this research showed three different social classes identified from the five main characters. (1) Dr. Ido, Alita, and Dr. Chiren were identified to come from the middle class. (2) Hugo was identified from the low class. (3) Nova was identified as the one from the upper class. Furthermore, the forms of class struggled conducted by each character was different. Yet, this finding did not apply to Dr. Ido character since he did not conduct any form of class struggle due to his desire of wanting to live in Iron City only. On one hand, for Alita, Dr. Chiren, and Hugo posed one similar strong reason of conducting their class struggle which was that to change their life condition into the better ones by living in Zalem. On the other hand, Nova’s reason of conducting his class struggle because he wanted to defend the status quo as the highest leader of Zalem.