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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
 167   168   169   170   171 
Formulation and Evaluation of Moringa Leaf Ethanol Extract Emulgel and its Effectiveness Test Against Staphylococcus aureus Raissa, Talitha Hasna; Pratiwi, Eskarani Tri; Hidayati, Agriana Rosmalina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8218

Abstract

Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) have Tannin compounds which are secondary metabolites as antibacterial. The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial properties of ethanol extract from moringa leaves against Staphylococcus aureus. The research methods began with the extraction of Moringa leaves using sonication with 96% ethanol as the solvent, followed by testing the antibacterial effectiveness of the extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%. The extract concentration with the best inhibition zone diameter was formulated into an emulgel, followed by physical evaluation of the formulation and testing its effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus. The bacterial inhibition zone was measured to determine the antibacterial level of the extract and emulgel formulation. The results of antibacterial effectiveness were evaluated using the One Way ANOVA test with a confidence level of 95%. The yield of the extract was found to be 13.05%. The inhibition zone diameters for the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20% were 4.8 mm, 5.3 mm, and 8.1 mm, respectively. The physical evaluation of the ethanol extract emulgel formulation met the criteria for a good emulgel. The emulgel containing 4% ethanol extract from Moringa leaves produced an inhibition zone diameter of 4.8 mm, indicating weak antibacterial effectiveness. There was a significant difference between the treatment groups according to the results of the One Way ANOVA test with a significance value (p=0.000). This study found that Moringa oleifera leaf ethanol extract has the ability as an antibacterial; however, its effectiveness decreases when formulated into an emulgel, likely due to the reduction in extract concentration in the final formulation.
Identification of Pests and Diseases in Tomato Plants in Jeprono Village, Karangbangun District, Karanganyar Regency Sihotang, Dini Rosita; Syafitri , Dewi; Octaviana, dhea Cindy; Septianingrum, Parigi Akhiri; Asy-Syfaiyyah, Asma’
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8229

Abstract

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), is a very valuable horticultural plant that is extensively grown in Jepron Village, Karangbangun District, Karanganyar Regency. However, pests and diseases frequently limit tomato yield. Finding the kinds of pests and illnesses that target tomato plants in the region is the goal of this study. Direct field observation and laboratory identification are two components of the qualitative descriptive research methodology. The study's findings found a number of pests, including armyworms (Helicoverpa armigera), fruit flies (Bactrocera sp.), and earthworms (Phytothetora infestans). Furthermore, brown spots (Alternaria solani), root rot (Ralstonia solanacearum), and leaf rot (Phytophthora infestans) were discovered. In order to increase harvest yields, this study suggests using environmentally friendly farming technologies and implementing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will serve as a guide for managing pests and diseases to enhance the well-being of nearby farmers.
Analysis the Abundance and Composition of Microplastics in Skipjack Fish (Katsuwonus pelamis) at Muara Angke Fish Auction Triana, Erlin; Meitiyani, Meitiyani; Manowo J., Moh. Bagas; Darma, Agus Pambudi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8246

Abstract

Marine pollution due to plastic waste has become a global problem that has yet to be solved. In the ocean, floating plastics degrade into small particles (<5 mm) known as microplastics. Its small size has the risk of being eaten by marine organisms. One of the marine products that have high economic value is skipjack. This study aims to determine the content, abundance, and influence of the amount of microplastics with the weight of the digestive tract of skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) at Muara Angke auction fish. The deconstruction process in this study used 10% KOH as much as 3x the volume of tissue and 30% H2O2 as much as 5 ml. The results showed that fiber- type microplastics dominated with a percentage of 66%, fragments 20%, and films 14%. There are 6 kinds of colors found, namely transparent, black, red, blue, yellow, and orange. Transparent color dominates with a percentage of 74%. The total microplastic particles found in the skipjack digestive tract were 2336 particles with an abundance value of 259.55 particles/individual. The number of microplastics found had no correlation with the weight of the fish digestive tract with P (sig) 0.509 > 0.05 (α). All skipjack samples identified were contaminated with microplastics. Fiber and transparent color microplastic types dominated. The amount of microplastics had no influence on the weight of the fish digestive tract.
Mangrove Structure and Composition Analysis in Teluk Jor, East Lombok Regency Akbar, Lalu Faraby Alif; Idrus, Agil Al; Mahrus, Mahrus; Santoso, Didik
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 2b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i2b.8253

Abstract

The presence and sustainability of mangrove plants can be inferred from the species' composition and organization within a forest region. The goal of this study is to ascertain the environmental conditions of the mangrove ecosystem in the Teluk Jor region of East Lombok Regency, as well as the diversity index of mangrove species and the structure and composition of the mangrove vegetation. Purposive sampling is used in this descriptive exploratory study design, and data is gathered utilizing transects and quadrants. The results of the research found 7 types of mangroves with 4 families namely the rhizophoraceae family (Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata and Ceriops tagal), the sonneratiaceae family (Sonneratia alba and Sonneratia caseolaris), the avicenniaceae family (Avicennia marina) and the combretaceae family (Lumnitzera racemosa). Sonneratia alba has a relative frequency (FR) value of 63.16%, relative density (KR) of 80.33%, and the highest relative dominance of 78.84% followed by Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia caseolaris and Avicennia marina. Seven mangrove species and four families with the greatest important value index belong to Sonneratia alba, according to the research's findings. The sapling category's diversity index was categorized as medium, while the tree category's diversity index was categorized as low.
Potential of Red Algae Eucheuma cottoni as Antibacterial to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Tiarani, Yesha Ibanez; Susanti, Oktora; Siwi, Galuh Praka; Kurniawan, Muhammad Nurwenta; Aryani, Komang Putri; Ramadhani, Nia; Ghyffary, Moch. Dhaffa Abudhzar; Lasmono , Arsyah Poetra; Safitri, Tiara; Tamaulina, Salsabila; Putri, Wanda Andella
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8272

Abstract

Eucheuma cottonii is one type of macroalgae that has been widely cultivated. Potential resources that can be developed is the use of macroalgae as antibacterial. Bioactive compounds in Eucheuma cottonii namely alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins can be utilized as antibacterials. This study aims to see the antibacterial activity of Eucheuma cottoni seaweed extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using the disc diffusion method. The test was conducted from October 7 to December 14, 2024, at the Aquatic Productivity Laboratory, and Oceanography Laboratory, Marine Science study program, Department of Fisheries and Marine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. Samples were taken from Lontar Village, Tirtayasa District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. Dilution of Eucheuma cottonii extract with a concentration of 10,000 ppm 5,000 ppm, 1000 ppm, 100 ppm and 10 ppm. The variable observed was the magnitude of the inhibition zone of Eucheuma cottoni against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The results showed that Eucheuma cottonii extract had weak antibacterial activity, with the highest inhibition zone of 13.93 mm at a concentration of 10,000 ppm. This study shows that Eucheuma cottonii extract is only effective in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria in the first 48 hours. Further research is needed to improve the effectiveness of this extract as a natural antibacterial agent.  
Long Periodism on the Speed of Nine O’clock Flowers (Portulaca grandiflora) Oktaviani, Intan; Agustina, Melinda; Susanti, Hemalia; Sundari, Muncar; Isnanto, Erliana Putri; Putri, Khalisah Nabila
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8344

Abstract

Long photoperiods can delay flower initiation and slow down the growth and formation of flower primordia, which can postpone flowering. This study aims to determine the photoperiodic response of the Nine O'clock flower (Portulaca grandiflora) to short light exposure. The research was conducted over one month (November-December 2024), with data collection specifically carried out on December 7, 2024, in Jombor Village, Bendosari District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, from 05:08 AM to 10:00 AM. Observations were made on 19 plants to record blooming times, and data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results indicated that the blooming times of the Nine O'clock flower varied slightly among the observed plants, with an average blooming time of approximately 2 hours. In conclusion, while the Nine O'clock flower exhibits slight variations in blooming times, further research is recommended, particularly in locations with different altitudes. This study contributes to the understanding of the photoperiodic response of Portulaca grandiflora and its cultivation practices.  
Characteristics of Charcoal Briquettes from Rajumas Wood Saw Waste (Duabanga moluccana Blume.) with Comparison of Molass Adhesive Composition Rosadi, M. Kudsi; Wulandari, Febriana Tri; Ningsih, Rima Vera
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8367

Abstract

Characteristics of Charcoal Briquettes from Rajumas Wood Saw Waste (Duabanga moluccana Blume.) with Comparison of Molass Adhesive Composition
Bibliometric Analysis of Bioactive Agents for Anemia Treathment: Trends and Opportunities Febriana, Ardelia; Yuniarti, Elsa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8423

Abstract

Anemia is a global health problem affecting approximately 1.62 billion people, mainly in developing countries. Although iron supplementation is the main strategy, the use of biological agents as an alternative to traditional medicine has potential that has not been fully explored. This study aims to map the research landscape of biological agents as anti-anemia using bibliometric analysis. The study used a library research method by analyzing metadata from Scopus indexed articles for the period 2000-2024 using keywords related to anemia and traditional medicine. Data were analyzed using VOSViewer software to visualize the network and relationships between article citations. The analysis showed 208 relevant documents, with a significant increase in publications after 2010. China dominated with 55 publications, followed by India with 40 publications. The VOSViewer visualization identified three main clusters grouping different plant species, with some plants such as Curcuma longa, Aloe vera, and Hibiscus sabdariffa frequently associated with the treatment of anemia. The analysis also revealed many unexplored areas of research, especially in plant species that have not been commonly studied. This study concludes that of the more than 200 plant species with anti-anemia potential, many have not been comprehensively studied, opening up opportunities for further research especially in countries with high biodiversity such as Indonesia.
Potential of Octopus Ink Extract as Anti-Quorum Sensing to Prevent Aeromonas hydrophila Biofilm in Aquaculture Affandi, Rangga Idris; Setyono, Bagus Dwi Hari
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8438

Abstract

Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogenic bacterium that often causes disease in freshwater fish, thus impacting food insecurity and global economic losses. Biofilm formation by A. hydrophila regulated by the quorum sensing (QS) system plays an important role in increasing virulence and resistance to antibiotics. Inhibiting the QS system can be an option to control A. hydrophila infection in fish. One of the ingredients that can be used is octopus ink extract containing alkaloids. This study aims to analyze the potential of octopus ink extract as an anti-quorum sensing agent in preventing the formation of A. hydrophila biofilms in aquaculture. The method used is a systematic literature study by collecting data from scientific articles. The analysis was carried out in depth to evaluate the mechanism of octopus ink extract in inhibiting QS and bacterial biofilms. The results showed that active compounds in octopus ink, such as alkaloids, can inhibit communication between bacterial cells by blocking QS autoinducers. This process suppresses the expression of virulence genes and prevents biofilm formation without affecting bacterial viability, so the risk of antibiotic resistance can be minimized. In conclusion, octopus ink extract has great potential as an anti-quorum sensing agent to support the management of A. hydrophila infection in aquaculture. The use of this extract is not only effective but also environmentally friendly, offering an innovative solution to improve the health of farmed fish and the sustainability of the aquaculture industry. Furthermore, octopus ink extract can be used as an immunostimulant in aquaculture industry.
Enzyme Activities and Growth Abilities: Exploring Wood Decay Fungi in Banyuasin Oil Palm Plantations Arieny, Mutiara; Nengah Dwianita Kuswytasari
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8440

Abstract

Wood fungi, frequently identified as the cause of Wood Rot Disease, produce enzymes that break down key components of plant cell walls, such as cellulose and lignin, allowing the fungi to act as pathogens. This study aims to identify wood fungi present in oil palm plants in Banyuasin, South Sumatra, and to test their growth abilities on various types of wood and enzyme activites (ligninase, cellulase, and hemicellulase). The research methods consist of isolation using an exploration method, morphological identification, and enzyme activities tests (cellulase, hemicellulase, and ligninase). Wood fungus isolation used Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. Fungal morphology was identified macroscopically and microscopically. The data obtained from fungal morphology observations, fungal growth on wood, and enzyme activity were analyzed descriptively. A total of 11 isolates were obtained. Isolates A6, A7, and A11 showed high enzymatic activity, particularly in breaking down lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, which potentially causes BPB in oil palms. The cellulase enzyme activity, measured with CMC substrate, indicated that isolate A6 had the highest value (157.30 U/mL), followed by A8 (151.75 U/mL), while A10 had the lowest value (20.58 U/mL). Using Avicel substrate to measure hemicellulase, isolate A10 showed the highest value (108.67 U/mL). For ligninase measured with tannin substrate, isolate A4 had the highest activity (59.89 U/mL), and A10 had the lowest (2.42 U/mL).

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