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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Published by Universitas Mataram
ISSN : 14119587     EISSN : 25497863     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Jurnal Biologi Tropis (ISSN Cetak 1411-9587 dan ISSN Online 2549-7863) diterbitkan mulai tahun 2000 dengan frekuensi 2 kali setahun oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi PMIPA FKIP Universitas Mataram, berisi hasil penelitian dan ulasan Ilmiah dalam bidang Biologi Sains.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 2,520 Documents
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Analysis of the Presence of Pathogenic Bacteria Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. in Organic Fertilizer Harvianti, Yuniar; Permatasari, Atikah; Yulianti, Nurhasanah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10299

Abstract

Organic fertilizers are widely used in agriculture as an environmentally friendly alternative to improve soil fertility and crop productivity. However, their safety remains a concern due to the potential contamination by pathogenic bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp., which may pose risks to human health. This study aimed to analyze the presence of E. coli and Salmonella sp. in solid organic fertilizer samples based on the requirements of the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 7763:2024). Laboratory analyses were conducted at the Balai Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri (BSPJI) Palembang using standard microbiological methods, including presumptive and confirmatory tests, followed by Most Probable Number (MPN) estimation. The results confirmed the presence of E. coli colonies with a characteristic metallic green sheen on Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA), with an estimated concentration of 30 MPN/g, still below the SNI threshold of 100 MPN/g. In contrast, Salmonella sp. was not detected in the samples, as shown by negative growth on Salmonella Shigella Agar (SSA), with an estimated value of <3.0 MPN/g. These findings indicate that the tested organic fertilizer samples comply with microbiological safety standards, suggesting that the production and handling processes were adequate to minimize pathogenic contamination. Continuous monitoring and strict adherence to hygienic practices are recommended to ensure the consistent quality and safety of organic fertilizers in agricultural applications.
Comparison of Effectiveness of Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy-Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication (POEM-TIF) Compared with Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy (LHM) in the Management of Achalasia Qadri, Annisa Salsabila; Zahroni, Siti; Naradhea, Gede; Maurae, Perlin Nigel Valencia; Yolanda, Rizky; Mahasuary, Shaffany; Nabila, Aqilla Nasywa
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10374

Abstract

Achalasia is a condition characterized by the absence of lower esophageal peristalsis and the lower esophageal sphincter, resulting in incomplete relaxation and swallowing difficulties. This literature review aims to identify POEM-TIF as a modified technique that can be directly compared with LHM, currently considered the gold standard, to evaluate long-term effectiveness, safety, and quality of life in postoperative patients. The article was compiled using a literature review method. The literature used was selected based on inclusion criteria, namely articles relevant to achalasia, Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM), and Laparoscopic Heller Myotomy (LHM). The literature review found that achalasia is a rare condition with a global prevalence ranging from 1.8 to 12.6 per 100,000 people per year. As understanding of the pathophysiology of achalasia increases, various treatment options have evolved. The latest technique, Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM), offers the advantage of being less invasive and having a higher success rate for type III achalasia compared to LHM. However, POEM has the same drawbacks, namely a higher incidence of postoperative GERD compared to LHM. This latest research developed a modification of POEM therapy known as POEM-TIF, a combination of POEM and Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication (TIF). The addition of Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication (TIF) as an additional procedure can help reduce reflux symptoms and improve patients' quality of life by creating a more effective barrier between the stomach and esophagus. Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of LHM compared to POEM-TIF, which has anti-reflux properties, is crucial for in-depth study considering the impact of achalasia on quality of life.
Diphtheria and Pertussis: A Literature Review of Two Preventable Infectious Diseases Sabrina, Khansa Aulia; Rahmawati, Fadila; Aghni, Hasna Tazkia; Siregar, Chivan Agustinus
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10380

Abstract

Diphtheria and pertussis are dangerous infectious diseases that infect the respiratory tract. Both diseases are caused by bacteria that can affect people of all ages, especially infants and children. The research design used was a literature review. Data sources were obtained by conducting electronic searches through library search engines including PubMed, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and Google Scholar to find journal articles and guidelines discussing diphtheria and pertussis. The findings indicate that diphtheria and pertussis are respiratory infections caused by bacteria. These diseases are transmitted through respiratory droplets and can spread very quickly. Both diseases remain a public health challenge due to their significant morbidity and mortality rates, especially in vulnerable groups such as infants and children. Prevention efforts need to be integrated with early detection of clinical manifestations and diagnosis, appropriate case management, and public education regarding diphtheria and pertussis prevention through timely vaccination and maintaining high vaccination coverage.
Structure and Composition of the Understory Vegetation in Bunder Wonosari Grand Forest Park, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta Province Gare, Kletus Florianus Sera; Rusadi, Nusrah; Selanno, Frenly Marvi; Syah, Firman; Silaban, Rosalia; Lamanda, Sukriati Andesti; Marpaung, Sutan Sahala Muda
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10405

Abstract

Bunder Grand Forest Park (Tahura) is a nature conservation area that plays a crucial role in maintaining the sustainability of biological resources and ecosystems in the Yogyakarta region. The development of Bunder Grand Forest Park is not only focused on ecological preservation but also contributes to strengthening Yogyakarta's identity as a center for environmentally conscious education and tourism. This study aims to determine the types of undergrowth, INP and its species diversity. This study was conducted using a quadrat sampling technique, using a double plot method. For observations used PU with a size of 1 m x 1 m. The results of research conducted in the Bunder Forest Park area, found 21 types of undergrowth, which are divided into 2 groups, namely non-grass plants and grass-type undergrowth, with the largest INP value obtained by the type of non-grass plant, namely the Bandotan plant (Ageratum conyzoides L.), with a value of 43.22%, and the grass-type undergrowth, namely the Elephant grass plant (Pennisetum purpuroides) with a value of 84.39% while the undergrowth with the lowest INP value, obtained by the type of non-grass plant, namely Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala), with a value of 3.15%, and the grass-type plant, namely the Grepak Grass plant (Paspalum conjugatum Berg.) with a value of 6.57%. In terms of diversity, non-grass understory plants are known to have moderate species diversity, while grass understory plants have low species diversity.
The Relationship of Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with HbA1c Profile at Mataram University Hudhori, Syalsa; Wardani, Indah Sapta; Isnaeni, Wilya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10407

Abstract

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) requires optimal glycemic control. Medication adherence is key to achieving HbA1c targets, but local data at Universitas Mataram Hospital is still limited. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between medication adherence and HbA1c profiles in type 2 DM patients. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2025 with 40 randomly selected samples. Adherence was measured using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, and HbA1c data came from medical records. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. Results showed 50% of subjects were adherent and 50% were non-adherent. Regarding glycemic control, 70% had controlled HbA1c. Statistical analysis found no significant relationship between adherence and HbA1c profile (p-value = 0.490). However, a proportional trend showed the adherent group had a higher percentage of HbA1c control (75%) than the non-adherent group (65%). Conclusion, there was no statistically significant relationship between medication adherence and HbA1c profiles. Despite this, the observed clinical trend indicates that adherence remains an important factor to consider in DM management, alongside other determinants like diet and physical activity.
The Relationship between Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-a Concentration on Mackerel Fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta, Cuvier 1816) Catch Results on Sea Waters of Bengkulu City Ramadanti, Dhea; Nurdin, Jabang; Maliza, Rita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.9930

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a concentration in relation to the catch results of mackerel fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) in Pulau Tikus Beach, Bengkulu City. Remote sensing data from the Aqua MODIS satellite sensor were analyzed over a 12-month period (May-April 2025) to assess monthly fluctuations in SST and chlorophyll-a as indicators of marine productivity. SST values ranged from 28.9°C to 31.2°C, matching the optimal thermal range for mackerel spawning. Chlorophyll-a concentrations ranged from 0.5 to 3.4 mg/m³, indicating a high abundance of phytoplankton and biologically fertile waters. Fishing coordinate data showed that the highest mackerel catches occurred around Pulau Tikus, with Robin-type boats operating approximately 7-8 nautical miles offshore. The relationship between SST and chlorophyll-a revealed that increasing SST was associated with elevated chlorophyll-a levels at depths of 8-15 meters, thereby increasing the probability of mackerel presence.
Unraveling Cerebral Stenosis: Current Insights Into Diagnosis and Neurointervention Management Kholida, Baiq Hilya; Wiracakra, I Gusti Lanang Krisna; Gea, Endah Irnanda Ulfah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10074

Abstract

Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) represents a major cause of ischemic stroke worldwide, particularly among Asian, African, and Hispanic populations. Atherosclerosis is the primary underlying pathology, and severe symptomatic stenosis (70–99%) is associated with up to a 25% risk of recurrent stroke within two years. Accurate diagnosis and optimal management are critical to improving outcomes and preventing recurrence. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases for studies published between 2012 and 2025. Relevant articles addressing the etiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic imaging, and therapeutic approaches to ICAS were analyzed and synthesized. ICAS is strongly associated with modifiable risk factors; hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking as well as non-modifiable factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity. Diagnostic confirmation relies on neuroimaging modalities including CTA, MRA, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA), with DSA remaining the gold standard. Aggressive best medical therapy (BMT), consisting of dual antiplatelet therapy, statins, risk-factor control, and lifestyle modification, significantly reduces stroke recurrence. Endovascular revascularization and surgical procedures such as encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) may be considered for selected high-grade or refractory cases. ICAS remains a leading cause of recurrent ischemic stroke. Early detection through advanced imaging and comprehensive, individualized managementprimarily with medical therapy, supplemented by endovascular or surgical intervention when indicated offers the best outcomes for affected patients.
Nucleotide variations of WRKY70 gene sequence related to Huanglongbing resistance in citrus Nugroho, Kristianto; Purwito, Agus; Sukma, Dewi; Kosmiatin, Mia; Santoso, Tri Joko; Reflinur, Reflinur; Mastur, Mastur
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10092

Abstract

Huanglongbing, inflicted by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus in Asia region, is a destructive disease affecting citrus productions worlwide. Several studies have identified resistance genes that play essential roles in the citrus defense system against this pathogen. The goals of this study were to design the specific gene primers from the WRKY70 gene sequence and analyze the nucleotide variations and genetic diversity among several citrus genotypes. Genomic DNA from nine citrus genotypes were amplified using WRKY70-specific gene primers and the products of PCR were sent to Sanger sequencing, while the sequences of the other 12 genotypes were collected from Citrus Genome Database. The results revealed a total of 282 nucleotide variations which consisted of 157 SNPs, 28 insertions, and 97 deletions, were identified in the WRKY70 gene fragment sequence. There were three notable SNPs detected, with only one SNP [C/T] in first intron area at the position of 524 bp downstream from START codon that showed its ability to distinguish between susceptible and tolerant/resistant citrus genotypes. The phylogenetic analysis also revealed the clearly separation among citrus genotypes in two main clusters. The discovery of this SNP is useful for designing a functional marker as a screening tool in citrus breeding program in the future.
The Impact of Fear of Missing Out on Self-Confidence Among Generation Z in the Social Media Era Santoso, Arysatya Syandana Ararya; I Wayan Radityakara Wirasena Yassa; Dyah Arista Putri; Nur Aulia Ahya Ningsih
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10134

Abstract

Generation Z in Indonesia, as a active users of social media with an average usage of more than three hours per day, faces psychological challenges due to the phenomenon of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO). This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between FoMO and self-confidence among Gen Z in the context of social media through a descriptive-qualitative approach by integrating recent literature (2015-2025) from reliable databases. The findings show that FoMO triggered by social media platform, hustle culture, and social comparison significantly reduces self-confidence through mechanisms of self-comparison with unrealistic life standards in the digital word. Approximately 64.6% of Indonesian adolescents experience FoMO, which is associated with social anxiety, decreased self-esteem, and distorted self-perception. The impact is exacerbated by social media algorithms that selectively present idealized content, reinforcing cycles of dependency and psychological fatigue. This study identifies the need multidimensional approaches including digital literacy education, school- based mental health interventions, and platform regulations to reduce exposure to social comparison-triggering content. The findings emphasize the urgency of collaboration among governments, educational institutions, and platform providers in fostering Gen Z’s critical awareness regarding healthy social media use.
Monitoring of River Water Quality in Coban Pelangi and Sungai Metro Using NSF-WQI Vinaima, Alya Rizki; Rohman, Fatchur
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10145

Abstract

Rivers are dynamic freshwater ecosystems that play a crucial role in supporting biodiversity, providing clean water, and regulating hydrological cycle. However, their sustainability is increasingly threatened by anthropogenic activities, which increase pollution. Declining water quality contributes to ecosystem degradation and increases risks to human health. This study assessed water quality of Coban Pelangi and Metro River using National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI) method. Observations were conducted during May–June 2025 at five sampling stations representing different riparian land uses, including protected forest, tourist area, agriculture, and residential zones. Nine parameters were analyzed, including temperature, TDS, turbidity, pH, DO, BOD, phosphate, nitrate, and fecal coliform. Results showed that C1 station in Coban Pelangi protected forest exhibited good water quality (NSF-WQI = 71). In contrast, C2 and C3 station experienced a decline to moderate quality (NSF-WQI = 58–61) due to tourism and agriculture. In contrast, M1 and M2 station located in Metro River agricultural and residential area, showed poor to moderate water quality (NSF-WQI = 49-56). These findings confirm that anthropogenic activities put significant pressure on river ecosystems and cause a decline in water quality. Therefore, a river management policy based on land use and pollution control is needed.

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