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Cadmium Exposure and Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review of Environmental Risk in Pregnancy Sanjaya, I Nyoman Hariyasa; Andonotopo, Wiku; Bachnas, Muhammad Adrianes; Dewantiningrum, Julian; Pramono, Mochammad Besari Adi; Mulyana, Ryan Saktika; Pangkahila, Evert Solomon; Akbar, Muhammad Ilham Aldika; Yeni, Cut Meurah; Aldiansyah, Dudy; Bernolian, Nuswil; Wiradnyana, Anak Agung Gede Putra; Pribadi, Adhi; Sulistyowati, Sri; Stanojevic, Milan; Kurjak, Asim
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.951

Objective: To systematically evaluate current scientific evidence on the association between cadmium (Cd) exposure and the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women, and to explore underlying mechanisms and population-specific patterns.Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive literature searches were performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar without time restriction, focusing on the past 15 years. Inclusion criteria encompassed original human studies measuring cadmium exposure—biological, dietary, or environmental—and reporting preeclampsia as an outcome. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Results: Twenty-five eligible studies were included, spanning case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional designs across diverse geographic regions. Most studies found a positive association between cadmium exposure and increased preeclampsia risk, though methodological heterogeneity exists. Proposed mechanisms include cadmium-induced oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, placental insufficiency, and hormonal dysregulation. Evidence also highlights differences in risk based on diet, region, and environmental regulation. However, inconsistencies in exposure metrics and population stratification remain.Conclusion: The cumulative evidence suggests cadmium is a plausible environmental risk factor for preeclampsia. Future research must standardize exposure assessments and address population-specific modifiers. This review provides critical groundwork for hypothesis-driven studies and policy frameworks addressing toxic metal exposure in maternal health.Paparan Kadmium dan Preeklampsia: Tinjauan Sistematis terhadap Risiko Lingkungan pada KehamilanAbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan tinjauan sistematis terhadap bukti ilmiah terkini mengenai hubungan antara paparan kadmium (Cd) dan risiko preeklampsia pada ibu hamil, serta mengeksplorasi mekanisme biologis yang mendasari dan pola risiko spesifik populasi.Metode: Tinjauan sistematis ini disusun berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan secara menyeluruh melalui basis data PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar tanpa batasan waktu, dengan fokus pada publikasi 15 tahun terakhir. Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian asli pada manusia yang mengukur paparan kadmium—baik secara biologis, dietetik, maupun lingkungan—dan melaporkan preeklampsia sebagai luaran. Risiko bias dinilai menggunakan Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Hasil: Sebanyak 25 studi memenuhi kriteria dan dianalisis, mencakup desain studi kasus-kontrol, kohort, dan potong lintang dari berbagai wilayah geografis. Mayoritas studi menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif antara paparan kadmium dan peningkatan risiko preeklampsia, meskipun terdapat heterogenitas metodologis. Mekanisme yang diusulkan meliputi stres oksidatif akibat kadmium, disfungsi endotel, insufisiensi plasenta, dan disregulasi hormonal. Bukti juga menunjukkan perbedaan risiko berdasarkan pola diet, lokasi geografis, dan tingkat pengawasan lingkungan. Namun, masih terdapat ketidakkonsistenan dalam metrik paparan dan stratifikasi populasi.Kesimpulan: Bukti kumulatif mendukung bahwa kadmium merupakan faktor risiko lingkungan yang potensial terhadap preeklampsia. Penelitian selanjutnya perlu menstandarkan metode pengukuran paparan dan mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor spesifik populasi. Tinjauan ini memberikan landasan penting bagi studi berbasis hipotesis dan penyusunan kebijakan terkait paparan logam toksik dalam kesehatan maternal.Kata kunci: Komplikasi kehamilan; paparan kadmium; preeklampsia; stres oksidatif; toksikologi lingkungan

A Comparative Analysis of Internal Radiation vs Box System in Treatment Efficacy and Patient Survival of Advanced Stage Cervical Cancer Marpaung, Mona Galatia; Iskandar, Teuku Mirza; Pramono, Noor; Suhartono, Suhartono
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.942

Objectives: To evaluate the comparative effectiveness of brachytherapy and the box system in therapeutic success and patient survival in cervical cancer, along with associated prognostic factors.Methods: This retrospective analytical study used medical records from the Obstetrics & Gynecology Oncology Clinic and Radiotherapy Unit at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital in Semarang. The study included cervical cancer patients with stage IIB-IIIB disease who were treated between January 2017 and December 2022. Data analysis involved both statistical methods and survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier approach.Results: During the 2017-2022 study period, a total of 939 patients with stage IIB-IIIB cervical cancer who completed full radiation therapy were evaluated for their 2-year survival rate. The cohort included 89 patients in the box system group and 850 in the brachytherapy/internal radiation group. Complete response was achieved in 46.1% of box system patients compared to 75.5% in the brachytherapy group (p<0.0001); partial response rates were 53.9% and 24.5%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a 2-year survival rate (2 YSR) of 41.6% for the box system and 64.0% for brachytherapy. The mean survival time was 15.37 months for the box system and 19.09 months for brachytherapy.Conclusion: Internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy) showed significantly better clinical outcomes compared to the box system approach. It resulted in a longer mean survival time (19.09 vs 15.37 months; p<0.001) and higher 2-year survival rates (64.0% vs 41.6%; log-rank p<0.001).Keywords: Cervical cancer, box system, brachytherapy, therapy response, survivalPerbandingan antara Radiasi Interna vs Box System dalam KeberhasilanTerapi dan Kelangsungan Hidup Pasien Kanker Servik Stadium LanjutAbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan radiasi interna dan box system dalam keberhasilan terapi dan kelangsungan hidup pasien kanker serviks serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik retrospektif dengan menggunakan rekam medis Poli Kandungan dan Onkologi dan Instalasi Radioterapi RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien kanker servik stadium IIB-IIIB mulai periode januari 2017-Desember 2022. Analisis statistika menggunakan analisis analitik dan analisis survival menggunakan metode Kaplan Meier.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama tahun 2017– 2022 didapatkan total 939 pasien dengan diagnosis kanker servik stadium IIB-IIIB yang menjalankan terapi radiasi lengkap dan dapat dilakukan evaluasi survival rate 2 tahun. Total subjek pada kelompok box system sebanyak 89, sedangkan kelompok brakiterapi/radiasi interna sebanyak 850 subjek. Respon terapi komplet sebesar 46,1% pada kelompok box system, dan 75,5% pada kelompok radiasi interna, respon terapi parsial 53,9% pada kelompok box system dan 24,5% pada kelompok radiasi interna, dengan nilai p <0.0001. Analisis survival dengan metode Kaplan -Meier didapatkan 2-YSR 41,6% pada kelompok Box system, sedangkan 64% pada kelompok radiasi interna sedangkan mean survival time pada kelompok box system 15,37 bulan dan kelompok radiasi interna 19,09 bulan dengan nilai p <0.001Kesimpulan: Pemberian radiasi interna memberikan keberhasilan terapi klinis yang lebih tinggi dengan nilai mean survival time lebih tinggi. Pemberian radiasi interna memberikan kelangsungan hidup 2 tahun sebanyak 64%, sedangkan box system sebanyak 41,6%Kata kunci: Kanker servik, box system, brakiterapi, respon terapi, survival

Characteristics of Patients with Diminished Ovarian Reserve Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization (IVF) at Hasan Sadikin Hospital from 2019-2023 Fitriyanto, Iqbal Anugrah; Rachmawati, Anita; Pramatirta, Akhmad Yogi
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.1004

Objective: This study aimed to describe the characteristics of patients with diminished ovarian reserve undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) to improve understanding of its implications for infertility.Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study using medical records of patients who underwent IVF at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS) from 2019 to 2023. Analyzed variables included age, education level, occupation, duration of marriage, body mass index, Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level, and ovarian stimulation protocol.Results: A total of 57.14% of the 55 patients were aged 35 – 40 years, 87.5% nulliparous, and 55.36% had a body mass index greater than 24.9 kg/m2. The percentage that held a bachelor’s degree was 64.29%, and 55.36% had AMH levels below 1.1 ng/ml. A total of 78.57% received a short stimulation protocol, and 21.43% received a long stimulation protocol.Conclusion: Most patients with diminished ovarian reserve undergoing IVF at RSHS (2019 – 2023) were aged 35 – 40, nulliparous, obese class I–II, AMH value <1.1 ng/ml, and were subjected to a short IVF protocol.Karakteristik Pasien dengan Diminished Ovarian Reserve yang Melakukan In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin pada Tahun 2019 – 2023AbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan karakteristik pasien dengan cadangan ovarium menurun yang menjalani fertilisasi in vitro untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang implikasi cadangan ovarium menurun pada infertilitas.Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif observasional potong lintang yang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien yang menjalani fertilisasi in vitro di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) periode 2019 – 2023. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi usia, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, lama menikah, indeks massa tubuh, kadar hormon anti-Müllerian, dan protokol stimulasi ovarium.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 55 pasien, 57,14% berusia 35 – 40 tahun, 87,5% belum pernah melahirkan, 55,36% memiliki indeks massa tubuh lebih dari 24,9 kg/m2, 64,29% berpendidikan sarjana, dan 55,36% memiliki kadar hormon anti-Müllerian kurang dari 1,1 ng/ml. Sebanyak 78,57% menjalani protokol stimulasi pendek dan 21,43% menjalani protokol stimulasi panjang.Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pasien dengan cadangan ovarium menurun yang menjalani fertilitasi in vitro di RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin (201 – 2023) berusia 35 – 40 tahun, nullipara, obesitas kelas I–II, nilai AMH <1.1 ng/ml dan menjalani protokol IVF pendek.Kata kunci: Anti-mullerian hormone; diminished ovarian reserve; FSH; infertilitas; in vitro fertilization (IVF), teknologi reproduksi berbantu

Rising Adolescents Pregnancy Cases: An Additional Problem in Efforts to Reduce Maternal Mortality Rates Pribadi, Adhi
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.998

In the past three months, our institution have cared for 17 cases of pregnancies involving mothers under 20 years old. The youngest case involved a 14-year-old adolescent. These adolescent pregnancies are accompanied by various pregnancy pathologies, such as preterm birth, cephalopelvic disproportion, preeclampsia and eclampsia, mental disorders, and the potential for death for both the mother and the baby. In past decades, the majority of adolescent pregnancies were due to early marriage, while currently, unmarried pregnancies are on the rise. This is noteworthy, as it may be not only in Bandung and its surrounding areas but also throughout Indonesia and even globally. The increase in adolescent pregnancies results in the potential for maternal deaths, which are expected to increase in the future if this is not prevented and controlled properly.

Correlation of Cesarean Section and Curettage History with Placenta Previa at Limboto Regional Hospital Ayuwa, Amanda Auliya; Hidayat, Fadil
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.953

Objective: To investigate the correlation of cesarean section and curettage history with placenta previa at Dr. M.M. Dunda Limboto Hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from January to February 2025, involving 180 pregnant women with gestational age ≥28 weeks from records from 2022-2024. Data were collected through consecutive sampling from medical records. Chi-square analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.Result: Among women with a history of cesarean section, 8.3% (12/145) had placenta previa compared to 54.3% (19/35) without such a history (p<0.001; PR=0.152, 95% CI: 0.082-0.284). Similarly, only 2.9% (1/35) with a history of curettage had placenta previa compared to 20.7% (30/145) without a curettage history (p=0.012; PR=0.138, 95% CI: 0.019-0.978). These findings suggest apparent protective effects that contradict established literature.Conclusion: Although statistically significant associations were observed between surgical histories and placenta previa in unexpected directions, these probably reflect study artifacts rather than actual protective effects. Multivariate analysis will be crucial in future research to account for confounding variables.Hubungan Riwayat Sectio Caesarea dan Kuretase dengan Plasenta Previa di RSUD LimbotoAbstrak Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara riwayat kuretase dan sectio caesarea dengan kejadian plasenta previa di RSUD Dr. M.M. Dunda Limboto.Metode: Penelitian analitik potong lintang dilakukan pada Januari – Februari 2025, melibatkan 180 ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan ≥28 minggu dari rekam medis 2022 – 2024. Data dikumpulkan melalui consecutive sampling. Analisis Chi-square dilakukan menggunakan SPSS ver 24. : Pada kelompok dengan riwayat sectio caesarea, 8,3% (12/145) mengalami plasenta previa dibandingkan 54,3% (19/35) tanpa riwayat tersebut (p<0,001; PR=0,152, 95% CI: 0,082-0,284). Demikian pula, hanya 2,9% (1/35) dengan riwayat kuretase mengalami plasenta previa dibandingkan 20,7% (30/145) tanpa riwayat kuretase (p=0,012; PR=0,138, 95% CI: 0,019-0,978). Temuan ini menunjukkan efek protektif yang bertentangan dengan literatur medis.Kesimpulan: Meskipun ditemukan asosiasi signifikan antara riwayat bedah dan plasenta previa dalam arah yang tidak terduga, temuan ini kemungkinan merupakan artefak penelitian daripada efek protektif sejati. Analisis multivariat sangat penting untuk penelitian masa depan guna mengontrol faktor perancu.Kata kunci: kuretase; plasenta previa; sectio caesarea.

Case Report: Family’s Role in Mentoring Adolescent Pregnancy Ichsan, Muhammad; Hidayat, Dini
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.856

Introduction: Adolescent pregnancy negatively affects maternal and infant health, leading to preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and intrapartum hemorrhage, all of which contribute to increased maternal and neonatal mortality. It is also associated with unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions. Deliveries by mothers under 20 years old are associated with higher neonatal, infant, and under-five mortality rates and a greater risk of stunting. Infant health outcomes are heavily influenced by maternal nutritional status. Case Report: A 15-year-old adolescent (Mrs. S) was brought by her aunt to Ahmad Ripin District Hospital, Muaro Jambi, on November 10, 2022, for antenatal assessment. Initial examination showed a body mass index (BMI) of 16 (underweight; <18.5), for which a total gestational weight gain target of 12.5–18 kg was recommended. Her MUAC was 21 cm and hemoglobin (Hb) 9 g/dL. The case underscores the crucial role of a strong family support system in achieving adequate weight gain in pregnant adolescents, given its significant association with maternal health during pregnancy and infant birth weight. Conclusion: this case highlights the importance of healthcare education and monitoring in adolescent pregnancy. It shows that when combined with the family’s role as a supporter, these factors can effectively protect maternal and infant health, resulting in positive outcomes.Laporan Kasus: Peranan Keluarga dalam Pendampingan Kehamilan Remaja Abstrak Pendahuluan: Kehamilan remaja berdampak negatif pada kesehatan ibu dan bayi. Beberapa dampak negatif tersebut adalah bayi prematur, berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR), dan perdarahan persalinan yang berujung pada kenaikan kematian maternal–neonatal. Kehamilan pada remaja juga berkaitan dengan kehamilan tidak diinginkan dan aborsi tidak aman. Persalinan pada ibu <20 tahun berkontribusi pada tingginya kematian neonatal, bayi, dan balita, serta meningkatkan risiko stunting. Luaran bayi sangat dipengaruhi status gizi ibu. Laporan Kasus: Seorang ibu Ny.S berusia15 tahun, pertama kali dibawa oleh bibinya ke Rumah Sakit Daerah Ahmad Ripin, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, pada tanggal 10 November 2022 untuk memeriksakan kehamilannya. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan, Ny.S memiliki Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) 16 yang berarti kurang dari 18,5 (gizi kurang) harus meningkatkan berat badannya sebesar 12,5 sampai 18 kg. Ny.S memiliki nilai LILA 21 cm, dan kadar Hemoglobin 9 gr/dl. Dalam menyukseskan pertambahan berat badan remaja yang hamil diperlukan peranan keluarga yang berkualitas untuk menjadi support system terbaik karena berhubungan dengan kesehatan ibu selama kehamilan serta berat badan bayi saat lahir. Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan laporan kasus ini, peran keluarga sebagai pendamping kehamilan remaja terbukti efektif menjaga kesehatan ibu dan bayi. Di samping itu, pengetahuan tentang kesehatan ibu dan bayi pada tingkat individu (faktor pengetahuan ibu) serta dukungan tenaga kesehatan juga berkontribusi signifikan terhadap luaran yang baik.Kata kunci: kehamilan remaja; kesehatan ibu dan bayi: peran keluarga

Comparing Optimal Debulking Surgery Outcomes between Anemic and Non-Anemic Ovarian Cancer Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2022 – 2023 Dewanto, Wenardy; Harsono, Ali Budi; Aziz, Muhammad Alamsyah
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.948

Objective: Ovarian cancer remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies. Optimal debulking surgery is one of the treatment options of ovarian cancer. Anemia was commonly observed in ovarian cancer patients, yet its association with the outcome of optimal debulking surgery remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association between preoperative anemia and the outcome of optimal debulking surgery.Methods: A case-control analytical observational study was conducted on 87 ovarian cancer patients who had undergone optimal debulking surgery at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2022-2023. Data were collected from medical records and was analyzed using Chi-square test.Results: The majority of ovarian cancer patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2022–2023 presented with mild to moderate anemia, accounting for 37,78% and 33,33% of cases, respectively. Only 24,44% had normal hemoglobin levels, while 4,44% had severe anemia. Optimal debulking was achieved in 76,7% of cases. No significant association was found between preoperative anemia and optimal debulking outcomes (p = 0,601; OR 1,21, 95% CI: 0,68–2,16).Conclusion: Preoperative anemia was not associated with optimal debulking surgery outcomes.Perbandingan Keberhasilan Optimal Debulking Surgery antara Pasien Kanker Ovarium dengan Anemia dan Non-Anemia di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Tahun 2022 – 2023AbstrakTujuan: Kanker ovarium merupakan salah satu keganasan ginekologi dengan angka kematian tertinggi. Optimal debulking surgery merupakan salah satu terapi utama pada pasien kanker ovarium. Anemia sering ditemukan pada pasien kanker ovarium. Namun, hubungan anemia dan keberhasilan optimal debulking surgery belum jelas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan anemia preoperatif dan keberhasilan optimal debulking surgery pada pasien kanker ovarium.Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi observasional analitik dengan desain case control yang melibatkan pasien kanker ovarium yang menjalani optimal debulking surgery di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode 2022 – 2023. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dengan total 87 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Analisis hubungan anemia preoperatif dengan keberhasilan optimal debulking surgery dilakukan dengan uji Chi square. Hasil: Mayoritas pasien kanker ovarium di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin tahun 2022 – 2023 mengalami anemia ringan (37,78%) dan sedang (33,3%). Hanya 24,4% pasien memiliki kadar hemoglobin normal dengan 4,44% pasien mengalami anemia berat. Optimal debulking surgery berhasil dicapai pada 76,6%. Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara anemia preoperatif dan keberhasilan optimal debulking surgery (p = 0,601; OR 1,21; 95% CI : 0,68-2,16)Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan anemia preoperatif tidak berhubungan dengan keberhasilan optimal debulking surgery pada pasien kanker ovarium.Kata kunci: Anemia; kanker ovarium; optimal debulking surgery

Correlation of Histological Type, Stage, Age, and Prognosis in Uterine Cervical Cancer at Margono Soekardjo Hospital Purwokerto from January – December 2024 Tambunan, Eka Maranatha; Permadi, Wiryawan; Aditiyono, Aditiyono; Grazielle, Grazielle
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.1007

Objective: To evaluate the correlation of histological subtype, stage, age, and prognosis in cervical cancer patients treated at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto.Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive cohort study conducted using medical records. Data on cervical cancer staging, age, and histopathological subtype were collected from all patients meeting the inclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was performed, and associations were examined using chi-square tests. The data used in the study were obtained from the medical records of patients at the research site from January to December 2024.Result: Of 582 patients identified, 245 met the inclusion criteria. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounted for 147 cases, and adenocarcinoma (AC) for 98. Most patients were aged >50 years old and diagnosed at stage II. SCC was most common at stage II, while AC was most frequently found at stage III. Statistical analysis revealed a significant but weak association between age, stage, prognosis, and histological subtype.Conclusion: There was a significant weak correlation of histological subtype and age, stage, and prognosis in cervical cancer.Korelasi Tipe Histologis, Stadium, Usia, dan Prognosis pada Kanker Uterin Serviks di Rumah Sakit Margono Soekardjo pada Januari – Desember 2024AbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara subtipe histologis, stadium, usia, dan prognosis kanker serviks uteri pada pasien yang diobati di RSUD Prof. Dr. Soekarjo Margono, Purwokerto, dalam rentang waktu Januari – Desember 2024Metode: Studi ini merupakan studi retrospektif deskriptif kohort dengan data dari rekam medis. Data yang diambil adalah stadium kanker, usia, dan subtipe histopatologis dan didapatkan dari semua pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Analisis statistik dilakukan serta asosiasi diuji dengan uji Chi-Square. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien di RSUD Margono Soekardjo, Purwokerto pada bulan Januari hingga Desember 2024Hasil: Dari 582 pasien, sebanyak 245 pasien memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Karsinoma sel skuamosa (SCC) ditemukan pada 147 kasus, sedangkan adenokarsinoma (AC) pada 98 kasus. Sebagian besar pasien berusia >50 tahun dan didiagnosis pada stadium II. SCC paling banyak ditemukan pada stadium II, sementara AC didapatkan paling banyak pada stadium III. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna dengan korelasi lemah antara usia, stadium, dan prognosis dengan tipe histologis.Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi signifikan antara subtipe histologis dan usia, stadium, serta prognosis kanker serviks.Kata kunci: Kanker serviks; prognosis; subtipe histologis; stadium; usia

Hypomethylation of the Promoter Region of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Gene and It’s Low Expression in Placenta as a Risk Factor for Preeclampsia Bay, Godefridus Paulo; Kusuma, A.A.N Jaya; Darmayasa, I Made; Mahendra, I Nyoman Bayu; Mahayasa, Putu Doster; Marta, Kadek Fajar
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.923

Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between hypomethylation of VEGF gene promoter region and low VEGF expression in the placenta as a potential risk factor for preeclampsia.Methods: An observational case-control study was conducted involving pregnant women with preeclampsia and normotensive controls. Placental tissue samples were collected and analysed for DNA methylation status of the VEGF gene promoter using quantitative real-time PCR. VEGF expression levels in placental tissue were measured using ELISA. Results: Significant hypomethylation of the VEGF promoter region was observed in placenta samples from preeclamptic women compared to controls. This finding correlated with decreased VEGF expression. These results indicate that reduced VEGF expression due to promoter hypomethylation may impair placental vascularization, contributing to preeclampsia.Conclusions: Hypomethylation of the VEGF promoter and subsequent reduction in placental VEGF expression may serve as early biomarkers to predict preeclampsia. These results highlight the importance of epigenetic regulation in preeclampsia pathogenesis and suggest potential targets for early diagnosis and intervention.Hipometilasi Regio Promoter Gen Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) dan Ekspresi Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) yang Rendah pada Plasenta sebagai Faktor Risiko PreeklampsiaAbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara hipometilasi pada daerah promoter gen VEGF dan rendahnya ekspresi VEGF di plasenta sebagai faktor risiko potensial terjadinya preeklampsia.Metode: Penelitian observasional dengan desain kasus-kontrol ini melibatkan ibu hamil dengan preeklampsia dan kontrol normotensif. Sampel jaringan plasenta dikumpulkan dan dianalisis untuk menentukan status metilasi DNA pada daerah promoter gen VEGF menggunakan quantitative real-time PCR. Tingkat ekspresi VEGF dalam jaringan plasenta diukur menggunakan metode ELISA.Hasil: Didapatkan hipometilasi yang signifikan pada daerah promoter gen VEGF pada jaringan plasenta ibu dengan preeklampsia dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Temuan ini berkorelasi dengan penurunan ekspresi VEGF. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penurunan ekspresi VEGF akibat hipometilasi promoter dapat mengganggu vaskularisasi plasenta, sehingga berperan dalam patogenesis preeklampsia.Kesimpulan: Hipometilasi pada daerah promoter gen VEGF dan penurunan ekspresi VEGF di plasenta dapat berfungsi sebagai biomarker awal untuk memprediksi terjadinya preeklampsia. Hasil ini menyoroti pentingnya regulasi epigenetik dalam patogenesis preeklampsia serta membuka peluang untuk diagnosis dini dan intervensi yang lebih tepat.Kata kunci: Preeklampsia, VEGF, Hipometilasi, Plasenta, Epigenetik

Risk of Urinary Tracy Infection Among Pregnant Women with Anemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Wibowo, Muhammad Farhan; Erisadana, Rifaldy Nabiel; Prawirodiharjo, Leo; Akbar, Willy
Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Volume 8 Nomor 3 November 2025
Publisher : Dep/SMF Obstetri & Ginekologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/obgynia.v8i3.853

Objective: This study aims to provide an evidence-based answer to whether anemia during pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of UTIMethods: A literature search for the systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out by PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases for observational studies that reported the incidence of anemia during pregnancy and urinary tract infections (UTI). Quantitative analysis of pooled odd ratio with a 95% confidence interval was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software and visualized by forest plot graphResult: Based on 9 articles included in the analysis, anemia revealed a statistically significant for UTI [Pooled OR 2.38, 95% CI: 1.24—4.56; p<0.00001] but not for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) [Pooled OR 2.08, 95% CI: 0.89—4.90; p=0.09]. We accumulated both outcomes for the total bacteriuria and demonstrated statistically significant [Pooled OR 2.27, 95% CI: 1.38—3.75; p<0.0001].Discussion: Statistical significance was observed for the development of UTI 2.38 times in pregnant women with anemia compared to pregnant women without anemia.Conclusion: This research showed evidence that anemia during pregnancy was a significant risk factor for the development of UTI and bacteriuria, but not a significant risk factor for ASB.Risiko Infeksi Saluran Kemih pada Ibu Hamil dengan Anemia: Tinjauan Sistematis dan Meta-AnalisisAbstrakTujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan jawaban berbasis bukti mengenai apakah anemia selama kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko untuk perkembangan ISK atau bukanMetode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis yang disusun berdasarkan PRISMA guideline. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui basis data PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Scopus pada penelitian observasional yang melaporkan kejadian anemia selama kehamilan dan infeksi saluran kemih (ISK). Analisis kuantitatif untuk gabungan odd ratio dengan interval kepercayaan 95% dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak Review Manager 5.4 dan divisualisasikan dengan grafik forest plotHasil: Berdasarkan 9 artikel yang disertakan dalam analisis menunjukkan bahwa anemia selama kehamilan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kejadian ISK [Pooled OR 2.38, 95% CI: 1.24—4.56; p<0.00001], tetapi tidak untuk bakteriuria asimtomatik (ASB) [Pooled OR 2,08, 95% CI: 0,89—4,90; p=0,09]. Kami menggabungkan kedua hasil untuk total bakteriuria dan menunjukkan signifikansi statistik [Pooled OR 2,27, 95% CI: 1,38—3,75; p<0,0001].Pembahasan: Anemia selama kehamilan dapat meningkatkan risiko ISK sebesar 2,38 kali lebih tinggi daripada tanpa anemia yang terjadi melalui mekanisme disregulasi sistem imun. Pemantauan kadar hemoglobin pada periode antenatal dapat menjadi upaya skrining faktor risiko terjadinya ISK.Kesimpulan: Anemia selama kehamilan merupakan faktor risiko untuk perkembangan ISK dan bakteriuria, tetapi bukan faktor risiko untuk ASB. Evaluasi faktor risiko dan penatalaksanaan anemia lebih dini menjadi upaya penting bagi klinisi dalam mencegah perkembangan terjadinya ISK selama kehamilanKata kunci: Anemia; faktor risiko; infeksi saluran kemih; kehamilan; meta-analisis

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Home Page

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Wiryawan Permadi

Contact Email
obgyniajurnal@gmail.com

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
obgyniajurnal@gmail.com

Editorial Address
-

Location
Kota bandung,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA