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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Size and Density of Artemisia annua Stomata Soaked in Water Extract of Gloriosa superba Seeds Rahmawati, Sri Indah; Yunus, Ahmad; Susilowati, Ari
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11234

Abstract

Artemisia annua is a herbaceous plant that produces artemisinin as a malaria drug, haemorrhoids therapy, aromatherapy, antiviral, anticancer and antibacterial. Gloriosa superba is a plant that contains high colchicine compounds, especially on the seeds. Gloriosa superba extracts of tubers, stems, seeds, and leaves were used as biomutagen for many plants. Colchicine contains of these plants as antimitotic have been studied and proven by the mitotic index plants. Water extracts of Gloriosa superba seeds was used as a mutagen for Artemisia annua. The aim of this study was to determine the size and density of Artemisia annua stomata soaked in water extract of Gloriosa superba seeds as a mutagen. Extraction of Gloriosa superba seeds obtained naturally on Krakal Beach, Gunung Kidul by using a maceration method with water solvent (1:1). Artemisia annua sprouts were obtained from B2P2TOOT Tawangmangu. Variables treatment on sprouts using water extract concentration of Gloriosa superba seeds and soaking time of Artemisia annua sprouts. Measurements of stomatal length, width and density were conducted in epidermis of Artemisia annua leaf. Observation and measurements of the stomata were conducted by using a light microscope. The results showed that the length and width of stomata were 0.025 mm and 0.017 mm respectively. The stomatal density of the control leaf (174.69 amount/mm2) was lower than the other treated plants. Stomatal size and density has increased with the increasing concentration extracts on treated plants. Water extracts of Gloriosa superba seeds proved the effects on stomatal size and density of treated plants.
Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza from Senaru Forest Rhizosphere for Gyrinops versteegii Germination and Growth Wangiyana, I Gde Adi Suryawan; Malik, Sukardi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14396

Abstract

The aims of this research are to apply Senaru forest  rhizosphere on Kabupaten Lombok Barat West Nusa Tenggara as Mycorrhiza inoculants for Gyrinops versteegii germination and growth. Rhizosphere sample was taken from ten sampling spot on Senaru forest between Latitude: 08o18.808’ S – 08o19.174’ S and Longitude: 116o24.138’ E – 116o24.181’E. This study employed Factorial Experiment Design with 2 Factor including: Medium Composition (M) and Mychorizza Inoculant (I). There were 5 media composition: M1 (sand), M2 (soil:sand = 1:2), M3 (soil:sand = 1:1), M4 (soil:sand = 2:1), M5 (soil). There were 2 types of Inoculation: I1 (without inoculant) and I2 (innoculant from senaru Rhizosphere). Growth parameters observed in this study were: germination percentage, stem length, stem diameter and root colonization. Germination percentage of G. versteegii seeds in all growth media are below 60 % which could be classified as low germination rate. Also germination from media without rhizosphere is higher than germination from media with rhizosphere. On the other hand, G. versteegii growth on rhizosphere media is slightly higher than growth of G. versteegii on media without rhizosphere based on stem diameter and length measurement. It tends that medium composition with higher sand proportion tended to gives better germination and growth rate of G. verteegii. Myorrhiza colonization on G. versteegii root was higher in media with rhizosphere addition. It could be concluded that Application of Senaru rhizosphere containing Mycorrhiza increases G. versteegii growth but not its germination percentage. This research enrich knowledge in biological science about asociation of mycorrhiza with G. versteegii especially on its growth and germination
Optimization of In Vitro Conservation Protocol of Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch through Medium Concentration, Temperature and Irradiation Duration Decrease Rahayu, Enni Suwarsi; Habibah, Noor Aini
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 1 (2016): March 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i1.5371

Abstract

Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch, an endemic species in Dieng mountains, must be conserved. The in vitro conservation has been developed, but sub-culture period needs to be extended. This study aimed to obtain a more efficient in vitro conservation protocol of C. pubescens. The research was carried out experimentally by using a completely randomized factorial design with three factors, namely decreasing in storage medium concentration (75% and 50% of MS medium), temperature (4oC and 8C), and irradiation duration (8 hours/day and 16 hours/day). Shoots were kept in the storage medium for 6, 9 and 12 months, then their viability were tested by growing them in the regeneration medium. Data were analyzed by Analyses of Variance and Least Significant Difference Test. The results showed that medium concentration of 50% of MS, the temperature of 8 C, and 16 hours/day of irradiation were able to suppress the C. pubescens growth in vitro storage for six months and could maintain its viability in the regeneration medium. Based on these results the medium concentration of 50% of MS, the temperature of 8 C and 16 hours/day irradiation can be used for in vitro conservation of C. pubescens without sub-culture for six months. How to CiteRahayu, E., & Habibah, N. (2016). Optimization of In Vitro Conservation Protocol of Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch through Medium Concentration, Temperature and Irradiation Duration Decrease. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(1), 85-93.
Strategi Pembelajaran Biologi Berbasis Kompetensi dan Konservasi Ridlo, Saiful; Alimah, Siti
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i2.2752

Abstract

AbstrakPembelajaran melibatkan interaksi dosen, mahasiswa, dan sumber belajar. Interaksi antara ketiganya membutuhkan strategi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan strategi pembelajaran biologi di Jurusan Biologi Unnes yang telah berkomitmen mengaplikasikan kurikulum berbasis kompetensi dan konservasi dengan ciri pendekatan jelajah alam sekitar (JAS). Metodologi penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Informannya dosen dan mahasiswa yang mengajar dan belajar biologi umum, mikrobiologi, dan taksonomi hewan. Data yang diperoleh berupa deskripsi kegiatan belajar mengajar dan lesson study. Data-data dianalisis kemudian dinarasikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pembelajaran biologi dengan pendekatan berpusat pada siswa yang dikhususkan pada kegiatan penjelajahan alam sekitar dapat dilakukan menggunakan strategi yang berbasis pada cara belajar siswa aktif dan kooperatif. Strategi-strategi tersebut adalah pembelajaran kontekstual, pembelajaran partisipatif, dan pembelajaran inkuiri.AbstractLearning involves the interaction of lecturer, students, and learning resources. The interaction between them requires a learning strategy. This research aims to generate learning strategies of biology in the Department of Biology Unnes which has committed to apply the competence- and conservation-based curriculum of features the environmental exploration (JAS) approach. The research methodology uses a qualitative approach. The informants are the faculty members and the students who, respectively, teach and learn biology, microbiology, and animal taxonomy subjects. The data obtained were in the form of description of learning activities and lesson studies. The data were then analyzed narratively. The results showed that the student-centered learning of environmental exploration may be conducted using active- and cooperative-based strategies. Examples of these strategies are contextual learning, participatory learning, and inquiry learning.
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants in Karangwangi, District of Cianjur, West Java Malini, Desak Made; Madihah, Madihah; Kusmoro, Joko; Kamilawati, Fitri; Iskandar, Johan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.5756

Abstract

The knowledge and usage of plant as medicinal remedy by current generation are not as extensive as previous; therefore, many rural communities with restricted modern medical access still rely on traditional medicine. This paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants in Karangwangi Village of Cianjur District, West Java Indonesia. This study aimed to identify plants collected for medical purposes by the local people as well as to document the local names, uses, preparation, and location of these plants. Ethno botanical data was recorded by opting people participation and key informant approach involving semi-structured interviews, group discussions and filling of questionnaires. The results showed a total of 114 medicinal plants belonging to 50 families were identified. Zingiberaceae was the most-frequently cited (nine species), followed by Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Fabaceae (seven species each). The most-used plant parts were leaves (51.8%), followed by stems (22.9%) and the most common preparations were decoction, poultice and squeezed. Most of the plants were obtained from the house-yard and total of 30 medicinal uses were recorded. The ethnobotanical result documented in this study showed that this area is rich in medicinal plants and these plants are still commonly used for medicinal purposes among the people in their daily lives. Ethnobotanical heritage should be preserved, however, there is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge about these plants in new generation. Further, the findings can be used as baseline information for further scientific investigation for analyzing phytochemical, pharmaceutical and other biological activities for future drug discovery.
Mealworm Powder as Culture Media of Local Isolate Semarang Entomopathogenic Nematodes Widiyaningrum, Priyantini; Khasanah, Minnathul; Indriyanti, Dyah Rini
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.13874

Abstract

Many researchers confirmed that entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema can be cultivated in vitro using artificial media that containing animal nutrition. However, artificial media with insect component hasn’t been widely studied. This research aims to analyze the population of EPNs isolate of Semarang cultivated in mealworm powder media. Five doses of mealworm powder (Tenebrio molitor) were tested in this research, i.e: 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0 g.  Culture media using 1 g of mealworm larvae was used as control. The best treatment was further tested for its pathogenicity on Macrotermes sp. at seven levels of invective juveniles (IJs) : 0; 50; 100; 150; 200; 250; 300 IJs/mL. Each treatment was repeated five times. The EPNs population and termites mortality were analyzed using ANAVA, whereas pathogenic value was calculated using Probit analysis. The result showed EPNs population were significantly (LSD test; α> 0.05), likewise on termites mortality. The EPNs isolate of Semarang optimally at 0.5 g mealworm powder and  pathogenicity against termites based on LD50 and LD90 values at 220 JI/mL and 410 JI/mL doses, respectively. In conclusion, this result  can be an alternative to mass cultivation of EPNs, in effort of development of local bioinsecticides. The findings of this study also inform farmers that EPNs can be easily cultivated using the simple and available materials.
Keanekaragaman Burung di Desa Karangasem Kecamatan Wirosari Kabupaten Grobogan Jawa Tengah Rahayuningsih, Margareta; Purnomo, Fajar Adi; Priyono, Bambang
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 2, No 2 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v2i2.1156

Abstract

The aim of this study was to measure the bird’s diversity at Karangasem Village, Wirosari District, Grobogan Regency mainly at the forest habitat, farm land and it settlements. The study was conducted on September until November 2008 used point count method. The data of birds species and its number analyzed by Shanon-Wiener species diversity index (H’), evenness index (E), dominance index (Di) and similarity index of Jaccardto describe the similar species of birds inter-habitat at Karangasem. The result indicated that there are 43 birds species of 22 families recorded at the location. About eight species among them are protected by the government, two among them included into CITES appendix II and one of them included into Vulnerable category of IUCN Red List. The birds diversity index and evenness index in the village of Karangasem ranges from 1.9 to 2.7 and 0.68 to 0.8. The highest and most dominant species are Collocalia linchi, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Lonchura leucogastroides and Lonchura punctulata. The analysis of Jaccard’s similarity index showed that the forests had more similarity to settlements than rice farming, which means there are high differences between habitats. There are differences in composition, structure, and featured bird species of the habitat, whichcaused low similarity index between the habitat ranges from 19.23% to 25.71%. Keywords: Birds diversity, point count, Karangasem
Effect of Manure and Inorganic Fertilizers on Vegetative, Generative Characteristics, Nutrient, and Secondary Metabolite Contents of Mungbean Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Yusnawan, Eriyanto
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.12716

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in the upland of Muneng Probolinggo during early dry season (April – June 2015) to study the effect of manure and inorganic fertilizers on vegetative, generative growth, nutrient, and secondary metabolite contents of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). The treatments consisted of (1) no fertilizer, (2) 10.4, 18, 60 kg of N, P, K ha-1, (3) 22.5: 22.5: 22.5 kg of NPK ha-1, (4) 5000 kg ha-1 manure, and (5) 11.25:11.25:11.25 kg of NPK ha-1 + 2500 kg ha-1 manure. These treatments were arranged in a randomized completely block design with three replications. Application of manure, inorganic fertilizer, and its combination significantly stimulated several vegetative characters especially number of nodes, number of clusters, fresh weight of biomass, and number of nodules. At the generative characters, application of manure and inorganic fertilizers also significantly increased pod dry weight and grain dry weight. Among all treatments, NPK inorganic fertilizer (T2) gave the highest vegetative and generative growth which was shown on biomass fresh weight, pod dry weight and grain dry weight per plant. NPK fertilizer and manure applications increased total flavonoid and phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity. This combination treatment therefore, could be suggested in mungbean cultivation to increase seed quality.
The Effect of Bacteria Colony Pseudomonas fluorescens (UB_Pf1) and Bacillus subtilis (UB_Bs1) on the Mortality of Pratylenchus coffeae (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) Purwaningtyas, Presti Mardiyani; Rahardjo, Bambang Tri; Tarno, Hagus
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.5067

Abstract

Parasitic Root-Lession nematode of Pratylenchus coffeae can reduce the Indonesian coffee plants productivity. Several studies reported that Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis endophytic bacteria were antagonistic bacteria to nematode. The objective of this research was to reveal the effectiveness of bacterial colonies density of P. fluorescens (UB_Pf1), B.subtilis (UB BS1), and a combination of both bacteria on nematode mortality using median lethal concentration (LC50) and median lethal time 50 (LT50). The densities of bacteria used in this study were 107, 109, 1011 and 1013 cfu/ml. 35 testing nematodes were used and the mortality was counted at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after treatments. The results showed that LC50 values of P. fluorescens was (UB_Pf1) was 4,3x108 cfu/ml, LC50 B. subtilis (UB_Bs1) was 1,9x109cfu/ ml, and LC50 combination of both bacteria was, 8x107 cfu/ml. It implies that the application of the combination of both bacteria are more pathogenic than single bacterial treatment. The results also showed that the highest LT50 value was 13.21 hours combination of bacterial colonies with a density of 1013 cfu/ml and the lowest LT50 value was 52.00 hours on P. fluorescens (UB_Pf1) treatment with colonies density of 107 cfu/ml.How to CitePurwaningtyas, P. M., Rahardjo, B. T., & Tarno, H. (2016). The Effect of Bacteria Colony Pseudomonas fluorescens (UB_Pf1) and Bacillus subtilis (UB_Bs1) on the Mortality of Pratylenchus coffeae (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae). Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(3), 286-293.
Cigarette Smoke Induces Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats by Decreasing The Expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 Novrial, Dody; Riwanto, Ignatius; Sumitro, Sutiman Bambang; Wijaya, Indra
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.8439

Abstract

Colorectal carcinogenesis induced by cigarette smoke requires at least 30-40 years. This long time duration causes an animal research conducted becomes relevant. This research was carried out to observe colorectal carcinogenesis due to cigarette smoke exposure in Wistar Rat. The observations focused on changes in epithelial morphology and expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1. Twenty male Wistar rats inbreed strain were randomly allocated into control group and experimental group exposure to cigarettes smoke for 14 weeks and 28 weeks sequentially. Colorectal epithelial morphology was assessed on the histopathology examination, whereas the expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 was assessed on aspect of immunohistochemistry. The comparative analysis between the two groups was performed using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. Histology of colorectal epithelium showed pattern of colitis associated cancer that was significant both in 14 weeks and 28 weeks of treatment. This research indicated negative expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 in the colorectal cancer that were significant at 28 weeks of exposure. This research implies that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke can induce colitis associated colorectal cancer through decreased expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1.

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