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Cigarette Smoke Induces Colorectal Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats by Decreasing The Expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 Novrial, Dody; Riwanto, Ignatius; Sumitro, Sutiman Bambang; Wijaya, Indra
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.8439

Colorectal carcinogenesis induced by cigarette smoke requires at least 30-40 years. This long time duration causes an animal research conducted becomes relevant. This research was carried out to observe colorectal carcinogenesis due to cigarette smoke exposure in Wistar Rat. The observations focused on changes in epithelial morphology and expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1. Twenty male Wistar rats inbreed strain were randomly allocated into control group and experimental group exposure to cigarettes smoke for 14 weeks and 28 weeks sequentially. Colorectal epithelial morphology was assessed on the histopathology examination, whereas the expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 was assessed on aspect of immunohistochemistry. The comparative analysis between the two groups was performed using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. Histology of colorectal epithelium showed pattern of colitis associated cancer that was significant both in 14 weeks and 28 weeks of treatment. This research indicated negative expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1 in the colorectal cancer that were significant at 28 weeks of exposure. This research implies that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke can induce colitis associated colorectal cancer through decreased expression of APC, MSH2 and MLH1.

Kadar Kortisol, Transforming Growth Factor Î², serta Derajat Adhesi Pasca Laparoskopi dan Laparotomi Pribadi, Agung; Riwanto, Ignatius; Budijitno, Selamat
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol 29, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2016.029.01.13

Adhesi intraperitoneal pasca bedah abdomen terjadi pada 50-97% kasus adhesi, dengan penyebab terbanyak adalah laparotomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan perbedaan dampak laparoskopi dan laparotomi terhadap derajat adhesi peritoneal, kadar kortisol dan TGF-Î². Desain randomized control trial post test only diterapkan pada dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok laparoskopi dan laparotomi dalam anestesi umum. Sampel darah diambil sesaat sebelum dan 6 jam paska operasi untuk pemeriksaan kadar kortisol. Tujuh hari pasca operasi dilakukan terminasi, dilanjutkan laparotomi untuk penilaian adhesi intraperitoneal, dan pengambilan cairan peritoneum untuk pemeriksaan kadar TGF-Î². Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna pada kenaikan kadar kortisol (rerata 20,03Â±1,550ng/ml), TGF-Î² (rerata 6.772,50Â±414,77pg/ml), dan derajat adhesi antara kedua kelompok (p=0,021, p<0,001, p=0,002). Terdapat korelasi positif kuat antara kadar kortisol denganTGF-Î² (p=0,030, r=0,632) dan korelasi positif yang signifikan antara kadar TGF-Î² dengan derajat adhesi (p=0,001, r=0,941). Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa bedah laparoskopi dapat mengurangi peningkatan kadar kortisol dan TGF-Î², serta insidens adhesi.

THE EFFICACY OF DUTASTERIDE AND GREEN TEA TOWARDS BLEEDING ON BPH AFTER TURP: STUDY THEIR EFFECT ON HIF-1α EXPRESSION & HEMATOCRIT Irawan, Andry; Riwanto, Ignatius; Nugroho, Eriawan Agung
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 24 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v24i2.306

Objective: This study proves differentiation of the combination of dutasteride and green tea, dutasteride, green tea, and placebo alone and their association with differences in hematocrit levels and the expression of hypoxia induced factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) were performed Trans urethral resection of the prostate (TURP) surgery. Material & method: Experimental study with the draft "randomized control trial". Comparing angiogenesis changes between groups of BPH patients who underwent TURP surgery to assess the expression of HIF-1α and Δ Ht (Hematocrit) after administration of dutasteride, green tea with combination of dutasteride and green tea for 14 days. Results: The combination of dutasteride and green tea was not significant in reducing the expression of HIF-1α. Mean P1 group (59.32 ± 14.69); P2 group (59.11 ± 20.73); P3 group (64.21 ± 14.95); K group (58.16 ± 16.00). Kruskal test results obtained p=0.491 walis which means the difference percentage of HIF-1α among the 4 groups was not significant. The mean Δ Ht P1 group (0.61 ± 0.204); P2 group (0.54 ± 0.250); P3 group (0.41 ± 0.275); group K (0.41 ± 0.275). In statistical test with Mann Whitney test comparing the percentage reduction obtained Ht levels dutasteride group against group of green tea obtained p=0.213 means that there is no significant difference. Where a significant difference to the other groups. Conclusion: The combination of dutasteride and green tea for 14 days before TURP surgery does not reduce the expression of HIF-1α in BPH patients who underwent TURP surgery. Δ Ht significant decline in the combination group compared with other groups and might be influenced by several factors during TURP surgery.

Phlebotrophic Effect of Graptophyllum Pictum (L.) Griff on Experimental Wistar Hemorrhoids Mario Sadar Bernitho Hutagalung; Bernadus Parish Budiono; Sigit Adi Prasetyo; Ignatius Riwanto; Eriawan Agung Nugroho; Yan Wisnu Prajoko; Neni Susilaningsih
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 5, No 1 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v5i1.3704

Background : The 1st and 2nd degree hemorrhoids is managed non-operatively with the anti-inflammatory and plebothropic drugs. Graptophyllum pictum extract (GPE) has already been used widely in Indonesia to treat hemorrhoid with good result, however, the mechanism is not supported by the molecular research.Objective : This study is intended to study the phlebothropic effects of GPE by measuring the degree of edema and extravassal leucocytes of experimental wistar hemorrhoid.Methods : Experimental study with Randomized Controlled Trial Post-test only design in male wistar rats, weight around 200 gr, induced for the development of a disease-like condition of hemorrhoids by 6% croton oil on the anus for 3 days. Random allocation was performed to divide the 14 wistar rats in 2 groups. Group I as control got normal saline solution, while group II was treated with GPE 100mg/kgbw, started on day 4th for 5 consecutive days. On 9th day blood was extracted from retroorbital fossa and anus was resected up to 2 cm from anal verge and weighted. The degree of anal edema was measured by rectoanal coefficient, that is rasio between anal weight (miligrams) and body weight (grams).Results : Until the end of study, all wistar rat were still alive. The mean (±SD) of body weight of control group was 173.84 (±13.37) and the treatment group was 171.70 (±13.10), and there was no significant differences (p = 0.833). The mean (±SD) of rectoanal coefficient in the treatment group was 2.46 (±0.41) and it was significantly lower than control group (3.13 ± 0.85) (p = 0.029). The mean (±SD) of extravassal leukocytes in the treatment group was 900.14(±48.09) and it was significantly lower than the control (1003.28 ± 99.30) (p = 0.042).Conclusions : Graptophyllum pictum extract at doses of 100 mg/Kgbw have phlebotonic effect in decreased edema and extravassal leukocytes.

The effects of cigarette smoke nanoparticles in the colorectal carcinogenesis of wistar rats Dody Novrial; Ignatius Riwanto; Sutiman B Sumitro; Indra Wijaya
JURNAL PENELITIAN BIOLOGI BERKALA PENELITIAN HAYATI Vol 23 No 1 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : The East Java Biological Society

Smoking cigarette is one of risk factors for developing colorectal carcinoma. Various researches have been made to suppress the toxicity of cigarette smoke. One of such effort is to reduce the size of cigarette smoke particles using nano water solution containing aromatic groups and EDTA. This study aims to assess the effects of this cigarette smoke nanoparticle regarding colorectal carcinogenesis. The experimental study was carried out with sequential post test only control group design. Thirty Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: exposure to cigarettes smoke, exposure to smoke of cigarettes containing nano water solution and control for 14 weeks and 28 weeks. Colorectal epithelial morphology was assessed on the histopathology examination, whereas the expression of APC, KRAS, MSH2, MLH1, and p53 was assessed on immunohistochemistry procedure. Our results showed that cigarette smoke nanoparticles had better effects regarding colorectal epithelial morphology, especially through the increased expression of APC.

FACTORS AFFECTING POST-OPERATIVE PAIN AFTER DOPPLER GUIDED HEMORRHOID ARTERY LIGATION AND RECTO-ANAL REPAIR (DGHAL-RAR) OF INTERNAL HEMORRHOID Sigit Adi Prasetyo; Ignatius Riwanto
Media Medika Muda Vol 1, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Background: DGHAL-RAR is new modality for grade II-IV internal hemorrhoid treatment. It is developed to reduce post-operative pain that mostly found in traditional hemorrhoidectomy even in Stappler hemorrhoidopexy. However, in clinical practice some patients are complaint of moderate until severe pain. This study is intended to know factors affecting the post-operative pain after DGHAL-RAR of internal hemorrhoid.Methods: A series of 61 grade II-IV internal hemorrhoid patients, underwent DGHAL-RAR in St Elizabeth Hospital, Semarang Indonesia, period of August 2012 – March 2014 were analyzed prospectively. Age, sex, grade, removing of thrombus either internal or external, anal fissure, removing of hypertrophic anal papilla, removing skin tag, anal laceration due to procedure, were analyzed to know it relation with post operative pain in 24 hours, 48 hours and 7 days post-operatively. VAS for pain (0–10) were used to assess the degree of pain. Mann-Whitney method was used for univariate analysis, while Kruskal-Wallis and Median method were used for multivariate analysis.Results: After multivariate analysis variables that significantly influence post operative pain on 24 hours were removing of internal thrombosis, removing of anal papilla hypertrophy and anal laceration, on 48 hours were removing of external thrombosis, removing of anal papilla hypertrophy and anal laceration and on 7 days were the same with on 24 hours.Conclusion: Factors that affecting post-operative pain after DGHAL-RAR for grade II-IV internal hemorrhoid were removing of both internal and external thrombosis, removing of anal papilla hypertrophy and anal laceration due to DGHAL-RAR procedure. Keywords: Internal hemorrhoid, Hemorrhoid artery ligation and recto-anal repair, thrombosis, anal papilla hypertrophy, anal laceration.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Metformin dan Ekstrak Air Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) terhadap Perbaikan Status Obesitas Tikus Sprague dawley Jantan Ai Sri Kosnayani; Edi Dharmana; Suharyo Hadisaputro; Ignatius Riwanto
Amerta Nutrition Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): AMERTA NUTRITION
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C, Mulyorejo, Surabaya-60115, East Java, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/amnt.v5i1.2021.52-58

Latar Belakang: Perubahan gaya hidup dan pola makan menyebabkan tingginya angka kejadian obesitas di seluruh dunia yaitu 13% padat tahun 2016. Perbaikan status obesitas dapat dilakukan melalui jalur farmakologik ataupun non farmakologik. Metformin dan meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) mempunyai fungsi untuk menurunkan penyerapan asupan makanan.Tujuan: menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi metformin dan ekstrak air meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) terhadap perbaikan status obesitas tikus Sprague Dawley jantan.Metode: multigroup time series design. Dua puluh empat ekor tikus dibuat obesitas dengan cara diberi pakan tambahan lemak sapi cair dan fruktosa terhadap pakan dasar AIN93G selama 5 minggu. Obesitas ditentukan dengan indeks Lee > 300. Sampel dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok, kelompok 1 diberi metformin 45 mg/kg BB/hari, kelompok 2 diberi ekstrak air meniran 400 mg/kg BB/hari, kelompok 3 diberi kombinasi keduanya, dan kelompok 4 kontrol.Hasil: Selama penelitian ada perbedaan berat pakan dan asupan kalori pada setiap kelompok perlakuan. Setelah 28 hari perlakuan ada perbedaan kenaikan berat badan dan perubahan indeks Lee antara ketiga kelompok perlakuan (ρ < 0,05), walaupun indeks Lee > 300.Kesimpulan: pemberian kombinasi ekstrak air meniran dan metformin dapat mengendalikan kenaikan berat badan dan menurunkan indeks Lee.

Parathyroid Hormone-25(OH)D and Calcium-Phosphorus Ratio as Osteopenia Risk Factors in Women with Central Obesity Meita Hendrianingtyas; Banundari Rachmawati; Ignatius Riwanto; Budi Mulyono; Suhartono Suhartono; Tri Indah Winarni; Lisyani Budipardigdo Suromo
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 14, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v14i2.1816

BACKGROUND: Central obesity has a close association with inflammation and the state of bone mass. Osteopenia is an abnormal condition of bone density. Bone mass density is influenced by several factors, such as 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of PTH-25(OH)D and Ca-P ratio as risk factors for osteopenia in women with central obesity.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2020 to March 2021. The total subjects were 130 women aged 25-50 years old with central obesity. The diagnosis of osteopenia was done using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure bone mineral density. Enzyme linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) method was done to measure PTH and 25(OH)D levels, ion selective electrode method to measure Ca, and photometer method to measure P level. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value and calculated prevalence ratio (PR) for osteopenia risks, followed by logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: The PR of PTH level was 10.18 (95% CI: 1.15–5.85; p=0.01); the PTH-25(OH)D ratio was 5.12 (95% CI: 1.13–23.19; p=0.04); Ca level was 6.0 (95% CI: 1.33–27.14; p=0.02) and Ca-P ratio was 4.89 (95%CI: 1.33–17.97; p=0.02). The PR for PTH together with Ca level was 18.71 (95% CI: 2.17–160.40; p=0.008).CONCLUSION: The PTH-25(OH)D ratio and the Ca-P ratio are risk factors for the incidence of osteopenia in women with central obesity. A high PTH-25(OH)D ratio and a high Ca-P ratio would have a higher risk of developing osteopenia in this population.KEYWORDS: CRP, PTH-25(OH)D, Ca-P, osteopenia, central obesity, women

Effect of Phenytoin and Vitamin C on Granulation Tissue Thickness and Total Lymphocyte Infiltration in Enterocutaneous Fistula: In Vivo Study Iwan Vanca Saragih; Trilaksana Nugroho; Ignatius Riwanto
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 10 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i10.587

Background: Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is still a problem in the surgical field because it causes high morbidity and mortality. The rate of closure of the ECF without surgical intervention in the evolving era of wound care and with parenteral nutrition has been reported to vary, with most studies showing closure rates in the 20 to 30% range. The administration of phenytoin and vitamin C is expected to be one of the modalities in the non-operative treatment of enterocutaneous fistulas. This study aims to assess the effect of phenytoin and vitamin C on granulation tissue thickness and the amount of lymphocyte infiltration in enterocutaneous fistulas. Methods: This study is an experimental study with a post-test only with a control group design. A total of 24 rats were divided into control groups, P1 (phenytoin+ vitamin c), P2 (phenytoin), and P3 (vitamin c). Histopathological assessment of granulation tissue thickness and lymphocyte infiltration was performed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS with univariate and bivariate methods. Results: The P1 group showed the thickest average thickness of granulation tissue compared to all groups. The P1 group showed a lower number of lymphocyte infiltration cells than all groups. Conclusion: The administration of phenytoin and vitamin C was effective in increasing the thickness of granulation tissue and reducing lymphocyte cells in enterocutaneous fistulas.

Effect of Phenytoin and Vitamin C on Granulation Tissue Thickness and Total Lymphocyte Infiltration in Enterocutaneous Fistula: In Vivo Study Iwan Vanca Saragih; Trilaksana Nugroho; Ignatius Riwanto
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 6 No. 10 (2022): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v6i10.587

Background: Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is still a problem in the surgical field because it causes high morbidity and mortality. The rate of closure of the ECF without surgical intervention in the evolving era of wound care and with parenteral nutrition has been reported to vary, with most studies showing closure rates in the 20 to 30% range. The administration of phenytoin and vitamin C is expected to be one of the modalities in the non-operative treatment of enterocutaneous fistulas. This study aims to assess the effect of phenytoin and vitamin C on granulation tissue thickness and the amount of lymphocyte infiltration in enterocutaneous fistulas. Methods: This study is an experimental study with a post-test only with a control group design. A total of 24 rats were divided into control groups, P1 (phenytoin+ vitamin c), P2 (phenytoin), and P3 (vitamin c). Histopathological assessment of granulation tissue thickness and lymphocyte infiltration was performed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS with univariate and bivariate methods. Results: The P1 group showed the thickest average thickness of granulation tissue compared to all groups. The P1 group showed a lower number of lymphocyte infiltration cells than all groups. Conclusion: The administration of phenytoin and vitamin C was effective in increasing the thickness of granulation tissue and reducing lymphocyte cells in enterocutaneous fistulas.

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