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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14108917     EISSN : 25979914     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.
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Articles 796 Documents
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In Silico Study of Corn Silk Luteolin (Zea mays L.) Derivatives as Potential Antihypertensive Agents Mardianingrum, Richa; Firiani, Yuli; Endah, Srie Rezeki Nur; Ruswanto, Ruswanto
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 3 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 3 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.3.155-167

Abstract

Hypertension is a condition where the systolic blood pressure is > 140 mmHg and the diastolic pressure is > 90 mmHg. Hypertension is caused by the formation of Angiotensin II from Angiotensin I by Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE). Lisinopril is one of the drugs commonly used to treat hypertension; however, long-term use may be associated with carcinogenic effects. This study aims to find candidates for new medicinal ingredients from luteolin derivative compounds contained in corn silk (Zea mays L.) as antihypertensives that have the activity of inhibiting ACE enzymes. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were employed in this study. The results showed that the TL59 compound exhibited lower predicted toxicity than lisinopril. Based on molecular dynamics analysis, TL59 demonstrated an RMSD value of 1 Å and a ΔGTOTAL of –44.65 kcal/mol, whereas lisinopril showed an RMSD value of 1.3 Å and a ΔGTOTAL of –29.25 kcal/mol. These findings suggest TL59 has a higher binding affinity and greater stability toward the 1O86 receptor than lisinopril. Therefore, TL59 is predicted to be a promising candidate for a new antihypertensive drug that inhibits the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. In conclusion, TL59 demonstrates strong binding affinity and pharmacokinetic properties, indicating its potential as a promising antihypertensive candidate. However, this study is limited to in silico analysis and requires further in vitro and in vivo validation to confirm its efficacy and safety.
Utilization of Shrimp Shell Waste as Nitrogen Source in N-Doped TiO₂ for Degradation of Polyethylene Microplastics Nurhasni, Nurhasni; Izzah, Annisaul; Dwitami, Aisyah Rahma; Gumilang, Yuza Ahmad; Zilfa, Zilfa; Wellia, Diana Vanda
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 3 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 3 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.3.115-121

Abstract

Microplastic pollution presents a significant challenge globally, posing serious threats to aquatic ecosystems. This study explores the photocatalytic degradation of microplastics in aqueous solutions by applying nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) nanoparticles under visible light. The N-TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via the solvothermal method, utilizing chitosan derived from shrimp shell waste as a nitrogen source. The photocatalytic efficacy of the N-TiO2 nanoparticles was assessed for degrading model polyethylene microplastics, illuminated by a 50-watt LED lamp. Characteristic peak shifts in the FTIR absorption spectrum, notably at 3429 cm-1 to lower wavenumbers, and diminished amide I absorption at 1621 cm-1, confirmed the successful extraction of chitosan from shrimp shell waste. The synthesized N-TiO2 nanoparticles were in the pure anatase phase, exhibited a reduced bandgap of 2.97 eV, and showed enhanced absorption in the visible light spectrum (λ=400 – 800 nm) compared to undoped TiO2. The incorporation of nitrogen into the TiO2 matrix was validated by vibration bands at approximately 1035 cm-1 and 535 cm-1, corresponding to the Ti—N and Ti—O—Ti bonds, respectively. Optimal results were attained with TiO2 nanoparticles doped with 50% nitrogen, achieving a degradation rate of approximately 30.45% of a 250 mg/L microplastic solution over 50 hours of visible light exposure—nearly six times more effective than undoped TiO2. This study highlights the sustainable use of shrimp shell waste as a nitrogen source for enhancing TiO2 nanoparticles, showcasing their potential for environmental remediation applications.
The Effect of Meloxicam Nanocrystal Formation with the Addition of PVP K-60 and Decyl Glucoside as Stabilizers on Its Solubility Sutarna, Titta Hartyana; Meilina, Tika; Al-Hakim, Nur Achsan
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 4 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 4 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.4.200-207

Abstract

Meloxicam (MLX) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has low bioavailability when administered orally due to its low solubility, and efforts have been made to improve drug delivery to improve solubility. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize Meloxicam nanocrystals (MLX-NC) and evaluate them with the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone K-60 (PVP K-60) and decyl glucoside (DG) to prevent nanoparticle aggregation. MLX-NC preparation by a combination of ultrasonic homogenization and the freeze-drying method. The particle size analysis results ranged from 9.76 to 12.73 nm with a polydispersity index <0.5, indicating a homogeneous and stable size distribution. PXRD and DSC characterization revealed the disappearance of the characteristic crystalline peaks of MLX, indicating a transformation to an amorphous form. Additionally, based on saturated solubility studies, the solubility of MLX-NC increased by up to 173 times compared to pure MLX. This study shows that the formulation, initially intended as nanocrystals, resulted in an amorphous solid dispersion due to the influence of stabilizer concentration. This transformation, along with reduced particle size, contributed synergistically to the enhanced solubility of MLX.
Impact of Modifying Filler into Porous on Hydrophobicity Behaviour of The Silica-HDPE Composite Defrizal, Muhammad; Kemala, Tetty; Khotib, Mohammad
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 4 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 4 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.4.168-175

Abstract

Even though the approach is relatively simple and does not require additional treatment, the porous filler method has not been widely utilized to boost the composite’s hydrophobicity. Therefore, this study wants to show that silica’s porosity as a filler material affects the surface roughness and hydrophobicity of its composite (in this case, silica-HDPE). Pore formation in silica uses the soft-template method with Tween-80 as the mould. The amount of surfactant was varied by 0, 5, and 10 g. The particles are then physically composited into the HDPE matrix. Surface characterization of silica particles analyzed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) shows enhancement in particle porosity as the amount of surfactant added is increased. When it is inserted into HDPE, the silica particles with the highest porosity have the greatest surface roughness. It is confirmed by the wavy surface texture of this composite when it is characterized using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). These results are accompanied by a significant enhancement in the contact angle value at each concentration. From the contact angle and AFM data, porous silica has the role of surface texture provider in raising its roughness. It affects the improvement of the hydrophobicity according to the Cassie-Baxter equation, which states that the more air fraction formed on a surface, the higher the contact angle obtained.
Zeolite/Hydrilla verticillata Composite for the Adsorption of Naphthol Blue Black Dye Ruspita, Roza; Muarif, Muhamad Fajar; Agipa, Ade Irmadiki; Yulizar, Ayu Sabila; Silpiana, Mareta; Amalia, Fara
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 3 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 3 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.3.122-129

Abstract

In this study, a zeolite/Hydrilla verticillata composite adsorbent was prepared and characterized, and its performance was evaluated for the adsorption of Naphtol Blue Black (NBB) dye. Natural zeolite sourced from Bayah, Banten, was used as the base material. The composite was synthesized using the wet impregnation technique. Characterization was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis showed absorption bands at 2919 cm-1, 514 cm- 1, and 1014 cm-1, indicating the successful formation of the zeolite/Hydrilla verticillata composite. XRD results revealed that the Bayah natural zeolite contains modernite and heulandite crystal phases, with an average crystallite size of 9.3 nm calculated using the Scherrer equation. SEM images indicated that the zeolite surface was largely covered by Hydrilla verticillata particles. The adsorption experiment showed that the composite adsorbent achieved a 34.07% removal efficiency of NBB dye. The adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm model, with an R2 value of 0.9995 and a maximum adsorption capacity of 13.59 mg/g.
The Modification of Coal Fly Ash Adsorbent Using Dithizone Immobilization for Cd(II) Ions Removal Fitriana, Dina; Mudasir, Mudasir; Siswanta, Dwi
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 4 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 4 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.4.215-224

Abstract

The adsorption of Cd(II) ions onto an adsorbent of dithizone-immobilized coal fly ash (DCFA) was done using batch experiments. In this study, coal fly ash was initially activated using hydrochloric acid, and then its surface was modified by dithizone. The immobilization of activated coal fly ash (ACFA) with dithizone has been carried out to increase the adsorption capacity as the adsorbent of Cd(II) ions. The synthesized adsorbents (DCFA and ACFA) were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TGA-DTA, adsorption-desorption N2 (BET), and SEM to confirm the successful immobilization of dithizone on the activated coal fly ash. The adsorption parameters, such as pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and initial concentration of Cd(II) ions on the adsorption efficiency, were optimized. Optimal adsorption was achieved at pH 7, an adsorbent dosage of 0.1 g, a contact time of 75 minutes, and an initial Cd(II) concentration of 50 mg L-1. The results showed that the adsorption kinetics were found to follow a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and their adsorption isotherms were best described by the Langmuir model. Kinetics and adsorption isotherm studies suggested that the capacity, equilibrium constant, and energy of the DCFA in adsorbing Cd(II) ions are improved compared to those of non-immobilized ACFA. A sequential desorption study using different solvents of H2O, KNO3, HONH2HCl, and Na2EDTA revealed that binding Cd(II) ions to the adsorbents primarily involves chemisorption. The type of interaction shifts significantly from being predominantly electrostatic or ion-exchange in ACFA to primarily involving chelate complexation in DCFA.
Improvement of Pitting Corrosion Resistance in Type 201 Stainless Steel by Electrochemical Method in Nitric Acid Solution Hastuty, Sri; Yulia, Fayza; Sambudi, Nonni Soraya; Fauzi, Alfian Kahfi; Nadhor, Fatwa Khoirrun
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 4 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 4 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.4.208-214

Abstract

Stainless steel is widely utilized across industries due to its robust resistance to corrosion. Stainless Steel 201 (SS201), characterized by a lower nickel content compared to grade 304, is valued for its cost-effectiveness and strong mechanical properties. However, SS201 is more prone to pitting corrosion in aggressive environments than SS304. This research aims to enhance SS201’s resistance to pitting corrosion through surface treatment involving nitric acid. Cyclic voltammetry was conducted using nitric acid concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 M. The findings indicate that higher concentrations of nitric acid improved corrosion resistance, with 3 M resulting in a pitting depth of 23.667 μm. The application of citric acid contributed to enhanced resistance against pitting corrosion by fostering a chromium-rich surface.
Unraveling the Density and Hardness of Sintered Hydroxyapatite: A Conclusive Comparison of Laboratory-Synthesized Versus Commercial Variants Ramdhani, Rizal Fauzuddin Noor; Arrosyid, Bagas Haqi; Noviyanto, Alfian
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 3 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 3 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.3.130-137

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a bioceramic widely utilized in the medical field as a substitute for bone and dental applications. The mechanical properties of HA are influenced by its microstructure, which varies based on the source of the material, whether it is commercially acquired or laboratory-synthesized. This study aims to investigate and compare the properties of commercially available HA with those of laboratory-synthesized HA, as well as their mixtures, focusing on density and hardness. To conduct this investigation, both laboratory-synthesized and commercial HA were sintered at temperatures of 800°C, 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C for a duration of two hours. Additionally, various mixtures of the two sources of HA were prepared in weight percent ratios of 0:100, 30:70, 50:50, 70:30, and 100:0 using a planetary ball mill, also for two hours. The density of sintered HA was determined using Archimedes’ principle, while its hardness was evaluated using a Vickers hardness tester. The findings revealed that laboratory-synthesized HA sintered at 1100°C exhibited the highest density and hardness, measuring 3.15 g/cm3 and 488.9 MPa, respectively. This superior performance can be attributed to the smaller particle size of the laboratory-synthesized HA, which enhances densification. The dense structure of the laboratory-synthesized HA results in reduced porosity and smaller grain sizes, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy images. In contrast, the commercial HA achieved a density of only 3.00 g/cm3 at the same sintering temperature of 1100°C, attributable to poorer densification and a resultant porous microstructure. Notably, the mixture of commercial and laboratory-synthesized HA at a ratio of 30:70 demonstrated properties closely aligned with those of pure laboratory-synthesized HA, achieving a density of 3.14 g/cm3 and a hardness of 477.3 MPa. These results underscore the importance of source material and processing conditions in determining the mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite.
Adsorption of Methyl Red Dye on Fixed-Bed Column Using Bottom Ash Adsorbent from Palm Oil Mill Waste Sylvia, Novi; Dewi, Rozanna; Hasfita, Fikri; Maulinda, Leni; Wusnah, Wusnah; Azhari, Azhari; Sigian, Zikri Husni; Putri, Balqis Eka; Fitriani, Fitriani
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 5 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 5 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.5.260-266

Abstract

Methyl red is an azo compound widely applied in the textile industry as a fabric dye. Methyl red is very difficult to decompose because it is stable to light, temperature, and oxidation. One of the simplest and low-cost methods is adsorption. This study aims to determine the characteristics of bottom ash as an adsorbent and analyze the adsorption process with a fixed-bed column system. The research was conducted by varying the flow rate of 5, 10, and 15 L/min, adsorbent bed height of 4, 8, and 12 cm, and contact time of 60, 120, and 180 minutes. The highest removal efficiency, 93%, was achieved at a contact time of 180 minutes, a flow rate of 5 L/min, and a bed height of 12 cm. The physical properties of the bottom ash adsorbent include a pore volume of 0.0032 cm3/g, a specific surface area of 89.801 m2/g, and an average pore size of 58.523 nm. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 0.850 mg/g. The adsorption process of methyl red onto bottom ash follows the Langmuir isotherm model.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Testing of Cu(II)-3-Picolylamine Complexes Azizah, Ninna Arifatun Nurul; Hening Citra Dewi, Monica; Rahardjo, Sentot Budi; Marliyana, Soerya Dewi
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 5 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 5 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.5.267-273

Abstract

The synthesis and characterization of a novel Cu(II)-3-picolylamine complex were successfully carried out, aiming to explore the structural properties and antibacterial potential. The complex was synthesized by reacting CuSO4.5H2O with 3-picolylamine in a 1:4 molar ratio, yielding a dark blue precipitate (78.14% yield). Characterization techniques, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, thermal analysis (TG/DTA), magnetic susceptibility, and powder XRD, confirmed the formation of the complex with the proposed formula [Cu(3-picolylamine)4]SO4.5H2O. The complex exhibited a square planar geometry around the Cu(II) ion, coordinated through nitrogen donor atoms of the ligand, with the sulphate ion acting as a counter ion. Thermal analysis revealed a two-stage decomposition process, with the release of five water molecules at 55–130°C and ligand decomposition at higher temperatures. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated paramagnetic behaviour with an effective magnetic moment of 1.86 BM, consistent with a d9 configuration. Despite its well-defined structure, the complex showed no antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 at all concentrations up to 1000 ppm. The lack of activity was attributed to reduced lipophilicity and the presence of hydrophilic counterions, hindering bacterial cell wall penetration.

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