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Long Covid-19, Radiological Findings, and Its Management: A Systematic Review Soewondo, Widiastuti; Putro, Prasetyo Sarwono; Hermansah, Muhamad Lukman; Lestari, Lilik; Reviono, Reviono; Harsini, Harsini; Adhiputri, Artrien
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 6 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2021.6.4.446

Background: COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has numerous clinical spectrums. Mild respiratory infection is the common clinical manifestation of COVID-19, and the less common is pneumonia accompanied by fever, cough, and breathing difficulty. Long COVID can be defined as prolonged signs and symptoms which cannot be explained for other reasons 4 weeks after being diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to describe the cause of illness is confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients, specifically on long COVID.Subjects and Method: We performed literature searches of the latest articles with Medline, CINAHL (EBSCO), Global Health (Ovid), WHO Global Research on COVID-19 database, LitCovid and Google Scholar databases published from 2019 to 2020. Two reviewers searched all articles independently (P and W, with 7 and 10 years of experience, respectively). We conducted a systematic review to provide recent evidence of symptoms and complications in long COVID. We followed PRISMA guidelines.Results: A total of 22 papers was identified and screened for eligibility from medical databases. There were 15 papers included in this review. Reason for the continuous symptoms covid an extent of organ destruction, continuous response of chronic inflammation or immunology reaction, non-specific effect of hospital admission, some critical disease, post ICU syndrome, complications from COVID-19 infection, morbidities and adverse effects of medications used. Common symptoms are fatigue, shortness of breath, cough, chest pain, palpitations, dizziness, arthralgia, myalgia and weakness, sleep problems, sharp pain, gastrointestinal problems, rash and hair loss, impaired balance and ataxia, neurologic problems such as dementia, concentration disorders and poor quality of life.Conclusion: The incidence of long-term manifestations of COVID-19 has been increasing and systemic clinical symptoms affect many organs and systems. This can be due to numerous reasons like post-ICU syndrome, post-viral fatigue syndrome, permanent organ deterioration or others. Correspondence: Widiastuti Soewondo. Department of Radiology, Dr. Moewardi General Hospital/ Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. Email: widiastuti.sprad56@staff.uns.ac.idIndonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(04): 387-392https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.04.04

Consumption of Jelly Combination of Salacca Seed (Salacca zalacca) and Moringa Leaves Flour (Moringa oleifera) on Hemoglobin level in Female Adolescents with Moderate Anemia Wijayanti, Poppy; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno; Indarto, Dono
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 6 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2021.6.3.432

Background: Adolescent girls are at risk for iron-deficiency anemia. Various food fortifications have been developed to reduce the incidence of anemia. This study aimed to investigate the effect of consumption of jelly combined with salacca pondoh seed flour and Moringa leaf flour on hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls with moderate anemia.Subjects and Method: The Randomized Control Trial study was conducted in high schools, Banyuwangi, East Java, from August to September 2020. A total of 75 high school girls with moderate anemia were randomly divided into three groups with 25 people in each group, namely: (1) Control group (C) get a combination of 100g plain jelly, and iron tablets; (2) Treatment group 1 (T1) received 100g of jelly combined with 14.9g of salacca pondoh seed flour and 5.7g of Moringa leaf flour; and (3) Treatment group 2 (T2) received 100g of jelly which had been combined with 7.5g of salacca pondoh seed flour and 3g of Moringa leaf flour. The treatment was given twice per week for 8 weeks. The dependent variable is hemoglobin level. The independent variable was administering a combination of jelly with salacca seed flour and Moringa leaf flour. Hemoglobin data was taken by laboratory examination on days 30 and 60. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova.Results: After the intervention, the average hemoglobin levels in the three groups increased during the 30th day of observation: C (Mean= 14.68; SD= 0.75), T1 (Mean= 15.50; SD= 0.90), and T2 (Mean= 14.47; SD= 0.79). There was an average increase in hemoglobin levels in the three groups during the 60th day of observation, namely: C (Mean= 14.96; SD= 0.81), T1 (Mean= 15.20; SD= 0.78), and T2 (Mean= 14.96; SD= 0.69). On the 30th and 60th day observations, the difference in mean between the three groups was not statistically significant (p= 0.412) and (p= 0.703).Conclusion: The administration of jelly combined with salacca pondoh seed flour and Moringa leaves is effective compared to plain jelly with iron tablets in increasing Hb levels.Keywords: combination jelly, salacca seeds, moringa leaves, hemoglobin, anemia, young womenCorrespondence: Poppy Wijayanti. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: popzala04@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285235925411.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(03): 307-314https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.03.08

Determinants of Stunting in Children Aged 12 to 60 Months in Kota Waingapu District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia Manalu, Samuel Bungaran Partahi Saud; Eyanoer, Putri C
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2021.6.2.385

Background: Stunting is a problem that is often not recognized in the community because short stature is so common and often considered normal. In Indonesia, the incidence of stunting under five is a major nutritional problem, with an average prevalence from 2015-2017 of around 36.4%. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of stunting in children aged 12 months - 60 months in the Waingapu District.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Posyandu, Waingapu District, in December 2020. A total of 105 samples were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using non-probability consecutive sampling. The dependent variable was stunting. The independent variables were exclusive breastfeeding, birth weight, household income, maternal education, maternal nutritional status, and maternal age. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by Chi-square.Results: The prevalence of stunting in children aged 12 to 60 months in the Waingapu District was 24.8%. The bivariate analysis elucidated that the incidence of stunting was significantly increased by poor maternal education (OR= 3.40; 95% CI= 1.29 to 8.97; p= 0.011), poor maternal nutritional status (OR= 3.06; 95% CI= 1.05 to 8.89; p= 0.034), and low household income (p = 0.002).Conclusion: Poor maternal education, poor maternal nutritional status, and low household income significantly increase the incidence of stunting.Keywords: stunting, determinant, nutritional status, childrenCorrespondence: Samuel Bungaran Partahi Saud Manalu. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Email: samuel.manalu.4th@gmail.comIndonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(02): 220-229https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.02.11

Neurological Abnormalities in Congenital Rubella Syndrome and Possible Pathophysiology Erny, Erny; Prasetyo, Okky; Soekanto, Ayli
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2022.7.4.585

Background: Congenital rubella syndrome is a disease that is a relative severe health problem because it causes multiorgan disability. The purpose of the study was to describe the neurological abnormallities that occur in congenital rubella syndrome and its pathophysiology.Case Presentation: A descriptive study with the subjects of the study of infants and children with congenital rubella syndrome found in the private practice of pediatricians for 10 years aged 15 years with the most complaints of developmental and growth delays, recurrent seizures and behavioral disorders. most are first children with mothers without Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccination. Inclusion criteria: infants and children with clinical manifestations of at least 2 of all major clinical signs (hearing loss, congenital cataracts and congenital heart defects) accompanied by evidence of infection in the form of rubellaspecific serum IgM and a history of the mother experiencing infection during pregnancy as evidenced by IgG results and or IgM rubella antibodies.Results: 13 cases were obtained, 92.3% of the case population with multiorgan disability and only 1 case (7.69%) with neurological disorders alone. 84.6% of cases of neurological disability occurred as a result of infection in the 1st trimester.Conclusion: Neurological abnormalities were acquired in the entire study population and were mostly due to infections in the 1st trimester of pregnancy.Keywords: neurological abnormalities, congenital rubella syndrome.Correspondence: Erny. Pediatric Department Medical Faculty Wijayakusuma University. Jl. Dukuh Kupang XXV no 54 Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Email: drernyspa@gmail.com. Mobile: 0818381740.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 449-455https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.10

Meta-Analysis the Effect of Chlorhexidine and Povidone Iodine Mouthwashes on Viral Load SARS-CoV-2-Saliva Narulita, Danti; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Murti, Bhisma
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 7 No. 4 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2022.7.4.589

Background: The strategy to reduce the risk of transmission of COVID-19 is to reduce the salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Chlorhexidine and povidone iodine mouthwash are common active ingredients in oral antiseptics that have efficient viral activity against salivary SARS-CoV-2. This study aims to combine the results of several effect sizes regarding the effect of using chlorhexidine and povidone iodine mouthwash on the salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load from various countries.Subject and Method: This study is a meta-analysis with the following PICO model, P: COVID-19 patients. I: use of chlorhexidine and povidone iodine mouthwash. C: no mouthwash. O: salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load. A search for the articles used in this study was carried out using the keywords “COVID-19” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “viral load” OR “SARS-Cov-2 viral load” OR “Chlorhexidine mouthrinse” OR “Povidone Iodine mouthrinse ” OR “Randomized Controlled Trial” OR “RCT” between 2012-2022 from the PubMed, Springerlink, Elsevier, Google Scholar and Wiley Online Library databases. The inclusion criteria used in this study were full-text articles using a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) design. The analysis used was multivariate with Standardized Mean Difference (SMD). The articles collected were then critically reviewed using the PRISMA checklist, then the data were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.4 tool.Results: This meta-analysis examined 10 articles with a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) study design originating from Singapore, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Brazil, Italy, South Korea and Malaysia. A meta-analysis of 7 articles showed that the use of chlorhexidine mouthwash could reduce salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load by 0.12 units lower than without the use of mouthwash (SMD= -0.12; 95% CI= -0.33 to 0.09; p=0.250). Meanwhile, 7 articles showed that the use of povidone iodine mouthwash could reduce the salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load by 0.64 units lower than without the use of mouthwash (SMD= -0.64; 95% CI= -1.51 to 0.23; p=0.150).Conclusion: The use of chlorhexidine and povidone iodine mouthwashes can reduce the amount of salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral Keywords: mouthwash, chlorhexidine, povidone iodine, COVID-19, salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load.Correspondence: Danti Narulita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: dantinarulita@yahoo.co.id. Mobile: +6282158818400.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2022), 07(04): 387-400https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2022.07.04.04

Convalescent Plasma Treatment for Moderate to Critical Ill COVID-19 Patients – A Safe but Futile Treatment: A Non-Randomized Comparative Study Aphridasari, Jatu; Soetjahjo, Bintang; Joko, Agus; Sidharta, Rina; Harsini, Harsini; Arifin, Arifin; Permana, Septian Adi; Saraswati, Kunti; Adhiputri, Artrien; Marwanta, Sri; Laqif, Abdurahman; Danuaji, Rivan
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2023.8.4.620

Background: In a number of cases of viral infection, convalescent plasma therapy has been effective. Reportedly, the use of convalescent plasma as a therapy for COVID-19 patients with severe and life-threatening disorders is beneficial at this time. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of convalescent plasma transfusions in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Subjects and Method: This was a clinical trial employing a non-randomized comparative study. A historical control group (21 samples) and convalescent plasma transfusions (21 samples) was selected consecutively from hospitalized COVID-19 patients between May 6th, 2020, and May 6th, 2021 at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital. We assessed and quantified viral clearance in the laboratory. Statistical analysis is performed in SPSS version 20.0. Results: Plasma was taken from fifteen convalescent donors. In the plasma convalescent treatment group, there was a statistically significant difference between outcome and severity degree (p = 0.005). In addition, there was a substantial discrepancy between the result group and the control group (p 0.005). Significant differences in post-treatment NLR between the control and treatment groups (p 0.005). In addition, there were statistically significant differences between the control and treatment groups in post-treatment hsCRP levels (p 0.005). In addition, there were statistically significant differences (p 0.005) between all groups' inflammatory markers and outcomes. Conclusion: Using convalescent plasma to treat patients with COVID-19 is a rather safe practice. Our analysis demonstrated that the administration of convalescent plasma did not enhance survival or clinical outcomes for COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe disease. Keywords: COVID-19, convalescent therapy, critical ill

Re-Infection of COVID-19 at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, from March 2020 to June 2021 Aphridasari, Jatu
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2023.8.4.621

Background: COVID-19 reinfection has been identified and is being studied. Several risk factors, including being a health worker and having A blood type, are linked to reinfection, and comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and asthma influence the disease's severity. To identify mutational variations associated with viral virulence and spread, genetic studies are required. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection, as well as patient characteristics and risk factors related to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. Subjects and Method: This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the medical records of patients with COVID-19 reinfection treated at the Dr. Moewardi General Hospital (RSDM) Surakarta from March 2020 to June 2021. A sample was collected from 19 men and 20 women. The degree of COVID-19 infection is the dependent variable. Gender, occupation, comorbidities, and immunization history were the independent variables. The entire sampling method was employed in this investiga¬tion (consecutive sampling). Data is handled in Microsoft Excel 2010, and statistical analysis is performed in SPSS version 20.0. Results: COVID-19 re-infection is equally likely in men and women. The average patient age was 42 years, with patients ranging in age from 25 to 73 years. Patients in the study were classified as either health workers or non-health workers, with 29 (76.3%) and 9 (23.7%) respectively. Due of restricted resources, the average period of COVID-19 re-infection is 197.6 +/- 97 days without genomic sequence investigation. Comorbidities were discovered in 11 of 38 COVID-19 reinfection patients (29%) Only 6 individuals (15.8%) with COVID-19 reinfection had a history of vaccination. Conclusion: Using convalescent plasma to treat patients with COVID-19 is a rather safe practice. Our analysis demonstrated that the administration of convalescent plasma did not enhance survival or clinical outcomes for COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe disease. Keywords: COVID-19, COVID-19 reinfection, health workers, comorbidity Correspondence: Jatu Aphridasari. Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta – Indonesia. jatuparu@staff.uns.ac.id. Mobile: +6281289991329.

Difference in the Effect of Giving Neck Stabilization Exercise with Stretching on Improvement of Neck Functional Ability in Non-Specific Neck Pain Dekamelania, Almas Khonsa; Basuki, Nur; Wahyono, Yulianto
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2023.8.3.631

Background: Tailor workers when working with a bowed position and a long static position, the muscles will contract excessively resulting in spasms and pain that causes non-specific neck pain which will interfere with the functional ability of the neck. Neck stabilization exercises and stretching can be exercises to improve neck functional ability in non-specific neck pain. This study aims to determine the difference in the effect of neck stabilization exercise and stretching on increasing the functional ability of the neck in non-specific neck pain. Subjects and Method: This study is a randomized controlled trial using a two-group pretest and post-test design conducted at sevinta convection and padi emas from November to December 2023. A total of 24 subjects were selected by random sampling and randomly allocated into 2 groups. Group 1 was given neck stabilization exercise and group 2 was given stretching. The dependent variable is neck functional ability in non-specific neck pain and the independent variables are neck stabilization exercise and stretching. The measuring instrument used is the neck disability index to measure neck functional ability. Data analysis using independent sample t-test. Results: The results after the intervention obtained neck functional ability in non-specific neck pain increased in both groups. There is a statistically significant difference in neck stabilization exercise (Mean = 4.00; SD = 2.21) and stretching (Mean = 6.83; SD = 2.79), and it was statistically significant (p = 0.012). Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the effect of neck stabilization exercise and stretching on improving neck functional ability in non-specific neck pain. Neck stabilization exercise is more influential than stretching on improving neck functional ability in non-specific neck pain. Keywords: neck stabilization exercise, stretching, neck disability index. Correspondence: Yulianto Wahyono, School of Health Polytechnics Ministry of Health Surakarta. Jl. Adi Sumarmo, Tohudan, Colomadu, Karanganyar 57173, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: yulianto2wahyono@gmail.com. Mobile: 085742017903. Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(03): 258-265

Massive Mature Mediastinal Teratoma With Malignant Transformation: An Unusual Case Report Kalua, Karla; Soewondo, Widiastuti
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2024.9.2.643

Background: Teratoma is a type of germ cell tumor that is rarely found in the anterior mediastinum. Meanwhile, mature mediastinal teratoma with malignant transformation is rare and develops rapidly, with a poor prognosis. This article aims to report one of the uncommon cases of mature teratoma and discuss its imaging features thereby adding insight in providing an accurate diagnosis of this condition. Case Report: This study presents a case of a 26-year-old male patient who has complained of shortness of breath for 3 months and worsening in the last 3 days. The patient passed through a chest radiographic examination and was diagnosed with a mediastinal tumor. The contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography showed a huge mediastinal mass occupying the right and left hemithorax, measuring 16.9 cm x 20.5 cm x 20.9 cm and pressing against the chest wall, esophagus, trachea, great vessels, and the vital organs, lungs as well as heart, causing several complications in patients. Conclusion: Knowledge of the teratoma radiological appearance and the characteristics of the various subtypes is very important in the diagnosis of mediastinal teratoma diagnosis for immediate and appropriate treatment.

Meta-Analysis the Effectiveness of Speech Therapy on Phonation Improvement in People Diagnosed with Parkinsons Disease Putri, Anitasari Kartika; Prasetya, Hanung; Murti, Bhisma
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 8 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2023.8.3.651

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by tremor, rigidity, slow movement, and postural instability. Phonation disturbances are the most frequently observed speech characteristics in PD patients. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of speech therapy interventions for phonation improvement in people with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.Subjects and Method: This study is a meta-analysis of a number of Randomized Controlled Trial study designs. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link. The article search was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using the PICO model. The population in the study were people with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease with intervention in the form of speech therapy intervention, comparison, namely no speech therapy intervention, outcome in the form of phonation. The keywords to search for articles are as follows: “Intervention Speech Therapy” OR “Speech Therapy” OR “Phonation” OR “Voice” OR “Parkinson's Disease” AND “Randomized Controlled Trial” OR “RCT”. The articles included in this study are full-text articles with a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) study design. Articles are collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.Results: A total of 7 articles were reviewed in this study from the United States, North America, and Austria. The total sample size in this study was 213 subjects. A meta-analysis showed that speech therapy was effective for improving phonation in people with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (SMD = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.79 to 3.24; p<0.001).Conclusion: Speech therapy is effective for improving phonation in people with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.Keywords: speech therapy, phonation, voice, parkinson disease.Correspondence: Anitasari Kartika Putri. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Email: anitaaakartika@gmail.com Mobile: 0857-2777-7217Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2023), 08(03): 277-285https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2023.08.03.05

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