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JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW
Published by Universitas Semarang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26214105     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.26623/julr.v2i2.2266
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
Journal USM LAW REVIEW (JULR) is an academic journal for Legal Studies published by Master of Law, Semarang University. It aims primarily to facilitate scholarly and professional discussions over current developments on legal issues in Indonesia as well as to publish innovative legal researches concerning Indonesian laws and legal system. The focus and scope of this journal are legal problems in the fields of Criminal Law; Civil Law; Constitutional Law; International Law; Administrative Law; Islamic Law; Business Law; Medical Law; Environmental Law; Adat Law; Agrarian Law; Legal Philosophy.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 561 Documents
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Analisis Kewenangan Pengadilan Terhadap Putusan Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen Dalam Perlindungan Konsumen Harahap, Syaiful Khoiri
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i2.9262

Abstract

This research aims to examine the authority of courts over decisions made by the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK), which is an institution for consumer dispute resolution. The role of the BPSK becomes evident when it imposes penalties on businesses to compensate consumers who have suffered losses. Although BPSK decisions are considered final and binding, they can still be overturned by the court based on objections raised by the losing party. Therefore, the urgency of this study lies in discussing the jurisdiction of the court regarding BPSK decisions. The research employs a normative research method and qualitative analysis to arrive at conclusions addressing the core issues. A novel aspect of this study is the examination of the court’s involvement in BPSK decisions based on objections raised by the losing party. The research findings conclude that the BPSK provides legal protection to consumers if they indeed suffer losses due to business negligence, and the court has the authority to annul BPSK decisions if the subject matter falls outside the BPSK’s jurisdiction for examination and adjudication. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kewenangan pengadilan atas putusan Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) yang merupakan lembaga penyelesaian sengketa konsumen. Peranan BPSK terlihat ketika memutuskan menghukum pelaku usaha untuk memberi ganti rugi kepada konsumen yang mengalami kerugian. Walaupun putusan BPSK bersifat final dan mengikat tetapi ternyata putusan tersebut masih dapat dibatalkan oleh pengadilan berdasarkan keberatan yang diajukan oleh pihak yang kalah. Sehingga urgensi penelitian ini guna membahas tentang kewenangan pengadilan terhadap putusan BPSK. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dan dianalisa secara kualitatif untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan yang menjawab permasalahan yang menjadi pokok permasalahan. Kebaharuan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan pengkajian tentang turut campurnya pengadilan atas putusan BPSK atas keberatan yang diajukan oleh pihak yang kalah. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa BPSK memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada konsumen jika memang konsumen menderita kerugian akibat kelalaian pelaku usaha dan pengadilan berwenang untuk membatalkan putusan BPSK jika pokok perkaranya bukan kewenangan BPSK untuk memeriksa dan mengadili perkara tersebut
Transformasi Konsep Kepemilikan Harta Dalam Hukum Bisnis dan Konteks Sejarahnya Saefullah, Saefullah
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i1.8557

Abstract

This study aims to explore the transformation of the concept of property ownership in business law as a reflection of adaptation to social, cultural, and economic changes. The complex dynamics in the relationships among individuals, companies, and the state regarding personal ownership rights, collective rights, and legal norms are highlighted. The urgency of this research lies in understanding the evolution of the relationship between law and business history, where property is not only an object of ownership but also a business asset. This research distinguishes itself from previous studies by focusing on the transformation of the concept of property ownership in business law and its historical perspective. The research employs a doctrinal method with a literature review as a secondary data source. The innovative contribution of this research includes a profound understanding of ownership theory perspectives, encompassing concepts of individual ownership rights, collective rights, and moral and ethical dimensions. The transformation of the concept of property ownership in Indonesia is reflected in its history, influenced by colonial law and local values. The impacts of globalization, technology, and social changes have led to a shift in perspectives on property ownership. Business law and property ownership are intertwined, regulating business activities with regulations reflecting Islamic law, civil law, and business law perspectives. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of a deep understanding of the transformation of the concept of property ownership to meet societal demands and ensure the sustainability of legal business relationships.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali transformasi konsep kepemilikan harta dalam hukum bisnis sebagai refleksi adaptasi terhadap perubahan sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi. Terdapatnya dinamika kompleks dalam hubungan individu, perusahaan, dan negara terkait hak milik pribadi, hak kolektif, dan norma hukumnya. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada pemahaman evolusi hubungan antara hukum dan sejarah bisnis, dengan harta bukan hanya sebagai objek kepemilikan tetapi juga sebagai objek bisnis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode doktrinal dengan studi kepustakaan sebagai sumber data sekunder. Kontribusi kebaharuan penelitian ini mencakup pemahaman mendalam terhadap pandangan teori kepemilikan, termasuk konsep hak milik individu, hak kolektif, dan dimensi moral dan etika. Transformasi konsep kepemilikan harta di Indonesia tercermin dalam sejarahnya, dipengaruhi oleh hukum kolonial dan nilai-nilai lokal. Dampak globalisasi, teknologi, dan perubahan sosial menciptakan pergeseran dalam cara pandang terhadap kepemilikan harta. Hukum bisnis dan kepemilikan harta saling terkait, mengatur aktivitas bisnis dengan regulasi yang mencerminkan pandangan hukum Islam, hukum perdata, dan hukum bisnis. Kesimpulan menekankan pentingnya pemahaman mendalam terhadap transformasi konsep kepemilikan harta untuk menjawab tuntutan masyarakat dan memastikan keberlanjutan hubungan hukum-bisnis.
Perlindungan Hukum Masyarakat Adat terhadap Asas Domain Verklaring dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Tentang Bank Tanah Rafly, Muhamad; Halim, Abdul
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v6i3.7351

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the fundamental issues of domein verklaring in the legislation regarding land banks concerning communities and to examine the legal protection for communities regarding the establishment of land banks. The creation of the Land Bank intended to provide land for public purposes may ironically escalate agrarian conflicts instead. The verklaring domain principle which contained in the land bank concept defined that land whose ownership cannot be proven will become the state’s property. This will certainly endanger customary law communities and the concept of a land bank interpreting the state as owning land is contrary to Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 NRI Law, where the State is tasked with regulating natural resources. The results of this research show that there are elements of the domein verklaring principle in the land bank legislation. Thus, the land bank needs to be canceled through an application for judicial review to the Constitutional Court. The novelty in this research is legal protection for indigenous peoples by the establishment of indigenous people laws and submitting judicial review applications to the Constitutional Court. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan asas domein verklaring dalam peraturan perundang-undangan tentang bank tanah terhadap masyarakat hukum adat dan mengkaji perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat hukum adat atas lahirnya bank tanah. Lahirnya bank tanah yang bertujuan untuk menyediakan tanah untuk kepentingan umum, justru hanya akan menambah konflik agrarian. Asas domein verklaring yang terdapat dalam konsep bank tanah mengartikan bahwa tanah yang tidak dapat dibuktikan kepemilikannya akan menjadi milik negara. Hal tersebut jelas akan membahayakan masyarakat hukum adat dan konsep bank tanah menafsirkan negara memiliki tanah bertentangan dengan Pasal 33 ayat (3) UU NRI 1945, di mana Negara bertugas untuk mengatur untuk SDA dimanfaatkan sebesar-besarnya untuk rakyat. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan adanya unsur-unsur asas domein verklaring dalam peraturan perundang-undangan bank tanah. Sehingga, bank tanah perlu dibatalkan melalui permohonan uji materi kepada Mahkamah Konstitusi. Adapun kebaharuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu perlindungan hukum bagi masyarakat adat dengan pembentukan undang-undang masyarakat hukum adat dan mengajukan permohonan uji materi kepada Mahkamah Konstitusi.      
Conceptualizing Nature as a Legal Subject: A Comparative Study of Laws Between Indonesia, New Zealand, and Ecuador Fadillah, Muhamad Akmal; Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i1.8880

Abstract

This paper aims to find out the extent to which Indonesia views the concept of nature as a legal subject. This research can provide comprehensive information and understanding, which focuses on comparative law and how the application of the Theory of Legal Transplantation. Two experiences have occurred, namely in New Zealand and Ecuador, which have answered the view of nature as a legal subject. Based on these two experiences, it becomes urgent in the preparation of this research to describe the concept of nature as a legal subject in Indonesia by comparing Indonesian regulations on environmental protection and examining how Indonesia views the concept of nature as a legal subject through the existing legal system, as well as definitive legal subjects. The method used is normative juridical with a comparative approach and conceptual approach. The writing of this legal Article has the novelty of discussing the application of Articles 66 and 91 of Law Number 32 of 2009, which explicitly discusses the concept of nature as a legal subject in Indonesia and the view of Legal Transplantation Theory. The results of this study indicate that Indonesia's Law on environmental protection still does not need to recognize nature as a legal subject. Still, with the experience of two countries that have accommodated nature as a legal subject, it is not impossible through Legal Transplantation Theory that the influence in the form of legal instruments or concepts can be transplanted to the Indonesian State as a source of environmental protection regulation formation.
The Elevation of Building Rights to Ownership Rights in Shophouses and Home Offices After the Enactment of Law Number 11 of 2020 Concerning Job Creation Aristo, Erly; Pangestu, Nathania Putri; Pranata, Kristian
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i1.8108

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the regulations regarding the elevation of land rights for dual-function residential buildings, specifically shophouses, as stipulated in Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021. The formulated problem statement is about the elevation of building rights for shophouses according to Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021. Beforehand, shophouses and home offices were only classified as buildings with a business function; the building Use rights on shophouses and home offices could not be upgraded to ownership rights. Based on the Decree of the State Minister of Agrarian Affairs/Head of the National Land Agency Number 6 of 1998, it is necessary to upgrade building use rights to ownership rights of buildings with residential functions only, as stated on the Building Construction Permit. This research was conducted using a normative juridical method through a statutory approach and a conceptual approach to see the existing arrangements regarding the issues raised and expert opinions related to these problems. The result of this research is that shophouses and office residences play a dual role, serving both residential and commercial functions. Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021 emphasizes that shophouses and office residences with building rights can be upgraded to full ownership rights upon the rights holder's request by fulfilling the specified requirements.
Redesain Penanganan Pelanggaran Tindak Pidana Pemilu 2024: Upaya Mewujudkan Keadilan Surahman, Surahman; Supriyadi, Supriyadi; Purnamasari, Andi Intan; Rampadio, Hamdan; Muja'hidah, Muja'hidah
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v6i3.6348

Abstract

 This research aims to analyze the obstacles in handling election crimes and find the ideal argumentation basis to be used as an improvement to the handling of election crimes. The current handling of election criminal offenses is affected by problems of substance and structure. In terms of substance, there are several articles that regulate elements that are difficult to prove, such as articles related to money politics, political dowries, and unscheduled campaigns, while in terms of structure, the existence of integrated law enforcement centers tends to differ with each other in the process of handling election criminal offenses, which has an impact on the discontinuation of handling election criminal offenses. In addition, there is a change in the personnel of investigators and prosecutors when the process of handling violations is ongoing. This research is normative research. The results of the research illustrate that the redesign of the handling of election criminal offenses is carried out with two approaches, namely first, Article 492, Article 494, Article 495 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2), Article 513, Article 515, Article 518, Article 545. Second, the redesign of the handling of electoral crimes through the enactment of the concept of the provisions of Article 486 paragraph (2) and paragraph (4) expressly in the pattern of handling electoral crimes by the Gakkumdu center by placing the span of control of the termination of the investigation and prosecution process through legal instruments issued by Bawaslu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kendala dalam penanganan tindak pidana Pemilu serta menemukan basis argumentasi yang ideal untuk digunakan sebagai perbaikan terhadap penanganan tindak pidana Pemilu. Penanganan pelanggaran tindak pidana Pemilu saat ini dipengaruhi oleh problematika subtansi dan struktur. Dari sisi substansi, terdapat beberapa pasal yang mengatur Unsur-unsur yang sulit dibuktikan semisal pasal terkait politik uang, mahar politik, dan kampanye luar jadwal, sedangkan dari sisi struktur, keberadaan sentra penegakan hukum terpadu cenderung saling berbeda pandangan dalam proses penanganan pelanggaran tindak pidana Pemilu, yang berdampak pada tidak dilanjutkanya penanganan pelanggaran tindak pidana Pemilu. Di samping itu pula, dalam terjadi pergantian personil penyidik dan penuntut di saat proses penanganan pelanggaran tengah berjalan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif. Adapun hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran yakni redesain terhadap penanganan pelanggaran tindak pidana Pemilu dilakukan dengan dua pendekatan yakni pertama, Pasal 492, Pasal 494, Pasal 495 ayat (1) dan ayat (2), Pasal 513, Pasal 515, Pasal 518, Pasal 545. Kedua, redesain terhadap penanganan tindak pidana Pemilu melalui dengan memberlakukan konsep ketentuan Pasal 486 ayat (2) dan ayat (4) secara tegas pada pola penanganan tindak pidana Pemilu oleh Sentra Gakkumdu dengan menempatkan rentang kendali penghentian proses penyidikan dan penuntutan melalui instrument hukum yang dikeluarkan oleh Bawaslu.  
Pemindahan Wewenang Pengadilan Negeri Dalam Mengadili Perkara Rahasia Dagang Kepada Pengadilan Niaga Sihombing, Miranda Claudia; Suyanto, Heru
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i2.9192

Abstract

This research investigates the transfer of the district court’s jurisdiction in the adjudication of trade secret cases to commercial courts. The study aims to comprehend the district courts' jurisdiction in resolving trade secret disputes and the competence of commercial courts if the authority to adjudicate trade secret disputes is granted. The necessity for this research arises from the dearth of efficacious protection of trade secrets in the litigation context. The protracted duration and intricate process inherent to the current system have the potential to impede the advancement of the Indonesian economic industry, as rights holders may be dissuaded from pursuing their cases in the district court. This research employs a normative juridical approach, with a particular emphasis on the analysis of juridical norms and positive legal rules. This research builds upon previous studies that have examined the settlement of trade secret disputes in general in court and through alternative non-litigation channels. It delves deeper into the authority of the district court, comparing it with that of the United States and the Netherlands, and analyses trade secret cases that have been handled by the district court. This research indicates that the authority of the district court in trying trade secret cases requires expansion, particularly concerning closed trials. Furthermore, it can be posited that the commercial court possesses greater competence than the district court in hearing trade secret disputes, particularly in terms of more effective legal representation and more qualified judicial expertise. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang pemindahan wewenang pengadilan negeri dalam mengadili perkara rahasia dagang kepada pengadilan niaga. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah guna memahami kewenangan pengadilan negeri dalam mengadili sengketa rahasia dagang, serta guna memahami kompetensi pengadilan niaga jika wewenang mengadili sengketa rahasia dagang diberikan. Adapun urgensi dari penelitian ini adalah kurang optimalnya perlindungan rahasia dagang dalam penyelesaian sengketa di jalur pengadilan karena durasi yang terlalu lama dan proses yang rumit, yang tentunya akan berdampak pada kemajuan industri ekonomi Indonesia karena tidak didapatnya kepercayaan para pemilik hak untuk menyelesaikan perkaranya di pengadilan negeri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif yang berfokus untuk analisis menggunakan norma yuridis dan kaidah hukum positif. Penelitian ini melengkapi penelitian sebelumnya, yang hanya meninjau terkait penyelesaian sengketa rahasia dagang secara umum di pengadilan dan melalui jalur alternatif non-litigasi, dengan menganalisis lebih dalam terkait kewenangan dari pengadilan negeri, membandingkannya dengan negara Amerika dan Belanda, serta menganalisis perkara rahasia dagang yang pernah ditangani pengadilan negeri. Melalui penelitian ini, dapat dinyatakan bahwa kewenangan pengadilan negeri dalam mengadili perkara rahasia dagang perlu diperluas, terutama terkait persidangan tertutup, serta dapat dinyatakan bahwa pengadilan niaga memiliki kompetensi lebih baik daripada pengadilan negeri jika wewenang mengadili sengketa rahasia dagang diberikan, baik dari segi beracara yang lebih efektif dan kompetensi hakim yang lebih mumpuni. 
Perbandingan Perkembangan Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Di Indonesia Dan Belanda Laksana, Khrisna Adjie; Sendrawan, Tjhong
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 6 No. 3 (2023): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v6i3.7643

Abstract

The aim of this research is to compare the development of the establishment of Limited Liability Companies in Indonesia and the Netherlands along with the development of society. Regulations regarding Limited Liability Companies in Indonesia have undergone several changes, which are currently regulated in Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies and Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation which introduces a new form of Company, namely Individual Companies, changes to the law -The law intends to be more in line with current legal developments so that it can accommodate the needs of the community. This writing has an urgency, namely that along with developments over time, of course regulations will also change along with the needs of society. This research compares the consistency of the development and application of regulations in Indonesia and the Netherlands with the aim of learning and developing in the legal field. This research method uses normative juridical research methods. This research has a novelty, namely a discussion related to the comparison regarding the establishment of limited liability companies in Indonesia and in the Netherlands and comparing the consistency regarding changes that are still in accordance with legal principles. The results of this research are that in the Netherlands there are differences with Indonesia, namely related to the status of individual companies, in which case Indonesia has the status of a legal entity, whereas in the Netherlands individual companies are not legal entities. Another difference between the Netherlands and Indonesia that can be seen is the same regarding approval from the government to establish a company, in the Netherlands starting in 2011, the provisions for government approval have been removed and replaced with a system of strict supervision by the ministry. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membandingkan mengenai perkembangan pendirian perseroan terbatas di Indonesia dengan Belanda seiring perkembangan masyarakat. Pengaturan mengenai perseroan terbatas di Indonesia sudah mengalami beberapa kali perubahan yang mana saat ini diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas dan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja yang mengenalkan suatu bentuk perseroan baru yakni perseroan perseorangan, perubahan undang-undang tersebut bermaksud agar lebih sesuai dengan perkembangan hukum saat ini sehingga dapat mengakomodir kebutuhan dari masyarakat. Penelitian ini memiliki urgensi yaitu seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, tentunya peraturan juga akan berubah seiring dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, penelitian ini membandingkan bagaimana konsistensi dari perkembangan dan penerapan peraturan di Indonesia dengan Belanda dengan tujuan sebagai pembelajaran dan pengembangan dalam bidang hukum. metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal. Penelitian ini mempunyai kebaruan yaitu pembahasan terkait perbandingan mengenai pendirian perseroan terbatas di Indonesia dan Belanda dan membandingkan bagaimana konsistensi terkait perubahan yang masih sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu di Belanda memiliki perbedaan dengan Indonesia, yaitu terkait dengan status perusahaan perseorangan yang mana dalam hal ini Indonesia memiliki status sebagai badan hukum, sementara di Belanda perusahaan perseorangan bukanlah badan hukum. Perbedaan lain antara Belanda dan Indonesia yang dapat dilihat dalam halnya terkait persetujuan dari pemerintah untuk mendirikan perseroan, di Belanda mulai pada tahun 2011 telah menghapus ketentuan persetujuan pemerintah dan menggantikannya dengan sistem pengawasan yang ketat oleh kementerian.  
Tanggung Jawab Notaris Terhadap Pembatalan Akta Atas Terjadinya Tindakan Pemalsuan Oleh Notaris Munib, Ali; Suratman, Suratman; Isnaeni, Diyan
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i3.9653

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze the form of the notary's responsibility for deeds that are canceled due to forgery by the notary and to find out legal certainty regarding deeds that are canceled due to forgery by the notary. Notaries as public officials have a very important role in issuing authentic deeds as specified in statutory regulations. Their role does not rule out the possibility of misuse of the notary's authority over the deed issued. The involvement of a notary or even being the main actor in committing the crime of falsifying an authentic deed is very detrimental to the parties or parties involved. For this reason, notaries must be responsible for violations of the law. This research uses a statutory approach (statute perspective) and a conceptual approach. The method for collecting legal materials is a qualitative descriptive literature study. The results of the first research explain in detail the form of notary responsibility for forged deeds, legal sanctions will also be received by the notary if they are proven to have forged documents. These sanctions are in the form of administrative sanctions or codes of ethics, civil sanctions, and even criminal sanctions. This is as stated in Law Number 12 of 2014, an amendment to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning Notary Positions, the Civil Code, and the Criminal Code. The results of the second research show that legal certainty regarding Notarial deeds will be reduced if the Notarial deed contains forgeries or is not in accordance with the legal events that occurred. If this happens, the authentic deed will be degraded and even declared null and void. The novelty in this research is that the object studied focuses on the Notary's responsibility for deeds that are canceled due to elements of forgery committed by the Notary and explains them one by one. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis bentuk tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap akta yang dibatalkan sebab adanya pemalsuan oleh Notaris dan mengetahui kepastian hukum terhadap akta yang dibatalkan sebab adanya pemalsuan oleh Notaris. Notaris sebagai pejabat umum memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam penerbitan akta autentik sebagaimana yang telah ditentukan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan.. Keterbilatan Notaris atau bahkan menjadi aktor utama dalam melakukan tindak pidana pemalsuan akta autentik sangatlah merugikan bagi para pihak atau penghadap. Dari sebab itulah Notaris harus bertanggung jawab atas pelanggaran hukum yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Metode pengumpulan bahan hukum adalah studi kepustakaan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian pertama, menjelaskan secara rinci bentuk tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap akta yang dipalsukan, sanksi hukum juga akan diterima oleh Notaris jika terbukti telah melakukan pemalsuan surat. Sanksi-sanksi tersebut berupa sanksi administratif atau kode etik, sanksi perdata dan bahkan sanksi pidana. Hal ini sebagaimana telah dinyatakan dalam Undang-undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2014 perubahan dari Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris, Kitab Undang-undangn Hukum Perdata dan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana. Hasil penelitian kedua menunjukkan bahwa kepastian hukum terhadap akta Notaris akan berkurang jika akta Notaris berisikan pemalsuan atau tidak sesuai dengan peristiwa hukum yang terjadi. Jika ini terjadi, akta autentik akan didegradasi dan bahkan dinyatakan batal demi hukum. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah objek yang diteliti fokus pada tanggung jawab Notaris terhadap akta yang dibatalkan sebab adanya unsur pemalsuan yang dikakukan oleh Notaris dan menguraikannya satu persatu.
Keabsahan dan Akibat Hukum Perkawinan yang Dilaksanakan dengan Pemalsuan Identitas Sudarso, Mohammad Akbar; Surahmad, Surahmad
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): AUGUST
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v7i2.8971

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to explore the Indonesian legal perspective on identity falsification in marriage, especially in the context of the validity and legal consequences of this action. Marriage is a physical and mental bond between a man and a woman husband also wife, purposed to hold happiness and also create an eternal family (household) based on the Almighty God, regulated in Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage. Falsification of identity in marriage, as evidenced in the Jambi District Court decision 265/pid.sus/2022/PN jmb, is a prevalent issue. This research employs a normative juridical research technical using a case approach also a statutory approach. The findings indicate that identity forgery in marriage can invalidate the marriage, as per the Jambi District Court decision 265/pid.sus/2022/PN jmb. However, this case highlights the lack of justice for the victim/witness, namely Nuar Aini Yuni Saputri. There are still material and immaterial losses that have not been fulfilled, including the victim's family not receiving back the money from the defendant's fraud. Moreover, the victim continues to face harassment due to her invalid marriage. This research emphasizes the urgency of addressing identity falsification in marriage within the Indonesian legal framework. It also underscores the need for justice to be served fully, ensuring that victims of identity falsification receive appropriate restitution and protection from further harm. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi perspektif hukum Indonesia terhadap pemalsuan identitas dalam perkawinan, khususnya dalam konteks keabsahan dan akibat hukum dari tindakan tersebut, khususnya tentang pemalsuan identitas dalam perkawinan dan konsekuensi hukum bagi pelaku pemalsuan identitas yang melakukan pelanggaran perkawinan yang diatur dalam UU No.  1 tahun 1974. Perkawinan merupakan ikatan fisik dan mental di antara pria dengan seorang wanita sebagai suami dan istri untuk meraih kebahagiaan dan mewujudkan keluarga (rumah tangga) yang abadi berdasarkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa seperti yang diatur dalam UU No.  1/1974 tentang perkawinan. Pemalsuan identitas dalam perkawinan merupakan  isu yang sering terjadi di tanah air. Hal ini menjadi penting diangkat dalam penelitian ini untuk menemukan konsekuensi hukum bagi pelaku pelanggaran identitas pada perkawinan sesuai dengan UU Perkawinan no 1 tahun 1974. Penelitian ini  menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif serta pendekatan kasus dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pemalsuan identitas dan gelar yang dilakukan oleh terdakwa saat melakukan perkawinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemalsuan identitas dan gelar dalam perkawinan dapat membatalkan suatu perkawinan. Namun demikian, pada putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jambi No. 265/pid.sus/2022/PN jmb masih ada kerugian materiil dan imateriil yang yang dialami korban/saksi yang belum terbayarkan. Seharusnya korban pemalsuan identitas menerima restitusi yang sesuai dan perlindungan dari bahaya lebih lanjut.

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