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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
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Population Structure, Site Fidelity, and Residency Patterns of Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus) in Botubarani Waters, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia Rahman, Rahman; Suyasa, I Nyoman; Syamsuddin, Awaludin; Pahlevi, Reza Shah
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.908-919

Abstract

Whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is the largest fish species in the world and is classified as endangered. This study is crucial for the conservation of this species and developing effective conservation strategies. The research was conducted in the Botubarani waters, Gorontalo Province. Individual whale shark identification was performed using Photo ID, including the identification of sex and wound location. Photo IDs were processed using the Interactive Individual Identification System (I3S) software and includes information related to the ID, body length, and the time the individual was previously identified. Monitoring of the location, number, timing of whale shark presences and water parameters, was carried out through direct field observations. The results showed that 5 whale shark individuals were identified, all of which were male, with lengths ranging from 4.5 to 4.8 meters, and 1 individual had visible wounds. From 78 days of monitoring, Whale sharks were observed for 70 days and not observed for 8 days. The frequency of whale shark appearances ranged from 1 to 4 individuals per day. Whale sharks in Botubarani waters exhibited site fidelity and a mixed migration pattern. The intensity of their presence is quite high. This intensity is supported by ecological conditions that are optimal for the life of whale sharks, particularly those of juvenile age. The measured water parameters significantly influence their presence.
Assessment of the Influence of Adiponectin, Nesfatin-1, Insulin Resistance, and Various Biochemical Parameters in Samples of Iraqi Individuals Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Pre-diabetes Raeef, Abdullah Abdulsattar; Mohammed, Mohammed Hashim; Abdullah, Jwan Najm
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.980-988

Abstract

Pre-diabetes is characterized by elevated blood sugar levels that are not yet high enough for a Type 2 diabetes diagnosis. Type 2 diabetes results from insufficient insulin production or cellular resistance to insulin. Adiponectin, secreted by adipose tissue, regulates glucose metabolism and energy balance, while nesfatin-1, derived from NUCB2, influences appetite and energy homeostasis. This case-control study at Al-Ramadi Teaching Hospital included 80 participants with diabetes mellitus (DM) or early-stage DM and 40 healthy controls. Demographic data, including age, Body mass index (BMI), and disease duration, were collected. Laboratory tests measured fasting blood glucose (FBG), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), insulin, adiponectin, and nesfatin-1 levels. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and AUC analysis, assessed relationships and diagnostic accuracy. Results showed significantly higher levels of FBG, HbA1c, insulin resistance, and nesfatin-1 in early diabetes and DM type 2 cases compared to healthy controls. Nesfatin-1 concentrations were also notably higher in early diabetes compared to other groups. Adiponectin levels did not significantly differ between early diabetes and the control group but were significantly higher in the DM type 2 group. Both early diabetes and DM type 2 were associated with increased FBG, HbA1c, nesfatin-1, and insulin resistance, while adiponectin levels rose only in DM type 2. These findings suggest adiponectin as a potential biomarker for DM type 2, while nesfatin-1 may aid early diabetes diagnosis.
The Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase and Trehalose-6-Phosphate Phosphatase in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.): Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis Nguyen, Quy Phuong; Cao, Phi Bang; Chu, Ngoc Thi Bich; Tran, Lan Thi Mai; Le, Man Thi; Luong, Hang Thi; Le, Quynh Thi Ngoc; Dong, Gioi Huy; Chu, Ha Duc
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.940-949

Abstract

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), a vital industrial crop renowned for its economic and nutritional significance, faces increasing challenges due to climate change-induced stresses. To enhance the understanding of cocoa's adaptive mechanisms, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) and trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) gene families, which play crucial roles in plant stress responses and development. Five TcTPP and eight TcTPS genes were identified using the latest cocoa genome assembly, distributed unevenly across nine of the ten chromosomes. Detailed physicochemical characterization revealed significant variability in amino acid length, molecular weight, isoelectric point, and hydrophilicity among these proteins, suggesting functional diversity. Phylogenetic analyses, performed using the maximum likelihood method, classified the TcTPP family into three distinct clades and the TcTPS family into two main groups. Gene structure examination uncovered variations in exon-intron organization, with TcTPP genes containing nine to twelve exons and TcTPS genes ranging from three to eighteen exons, indicating structural diversity within these families. Based on publicly available datasets, expression profiling demonstrated differential expression patterns of TcTPP and TcTPS genes during embryo development and under biotic stress conditions, such as pathogen infection by Phytophthora megakarya. Certain genes exhibited significant upregulation or downregulation in response to stress, implicating them in cocoa's defense mechanisms. Taken together, this study provides valuable insights into the TPP and TPS gene families in cocoa. It lays a foundation for developing strategies to enhance stress tolerance and sustainability in cocoa cultivation amidst changing climatic conditions.
Cell Cycle Target Protein Induced by Galangin Treatment in Luminal Cells Confirmed by Bioinformatics Analysis Sekarini, Diyah Novi; Jati, Yohanes Surya; Zulkepli, Nur Ayunie; Putri, Dyaningtyas Dewi Pamungkas
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.969-979

Abstract

Galangin has activity modulating cell cycle arrest on luminal cancer cells and has high selectivity and low cytotoxicity for normal cells. This research intends to know galangin's prospective targets for promoting cell cycle arrest in luminal breast cancer via experimental in vitro, network pharmacology, and bioinformatics validation. In this research, MCF-7, a luminal model cell, was treated with galangin dose-dependent. Consequently, galangin exhibited a cytotoxic impact, with IC50 values of 117.86 μM. After that, SwissTargetPrediction, UALCAN, ShinyGO, and OncoLnc were used for bioinformatics validations, and Cytoscape software and the STRING website were used for computational analysis. Eight overlapping galangin target genes against luminal breast cancer were found. According to the analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, eight hub genes-including CDK1, PLK1, TOP2A, ESR1, AURKB, NEK2, MMP9, and CA12-had the highest degree of freedom. Cell cycle regulation has been discovered to be tightly associated with overexpression of CDK1, PLK1, AURKB, and NEK2. By influencing the cell cycle, galangin inhibits the growth of luminal breast cancer, as determined by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. In conclusion, by triggering cell cycle arrest, galangin may be used as a prospective chemotherapeutic treatment.
Effect of Phosphate-based Glass Porous Microspheres (P30) Loaded with Extracellular Vesicle on Osteoblast Behaviour: In Vitro Study Cahayadi, Sigit Daru; Nuzulia, Nur Aisyah; Boediono, Arief; Ahmed, Ifty; Nurhayati, Retno Wahyu; Sari, Yessie Widya; Juliandi, Berry
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.840-849

Abstract

Bioactive materials, particularly phosphate-based glasses (PBG), hold great promise in bone repair due to their controllable degradation rates and bioactivity. This study evaluated PBG porous microspheres (P30) loaded with extracellular vesicles (EVs) for bone tissue engineering, focusing on osteogenesis, EV uptake, and cell invasion. P30 concentrations (5P30, 10P30, 50P30, 100P30, 500P30) were tested for their effects on calcification, EV uptake, and cell migration. Results showed that 100P30 exhibited optimal conditions for osteogenesis and EV delivery, with the highest calcification areas at both Day 7 and Day 14 and the most efficient EV internalization. Meanwhile, 500P30 demonstrated the highest cell migration, supporting pre-osteoblastic migration at this concentration. These findings indicate that 100P30 is ideal for mineralization and EV uptake, while 500P30 enhances cell invasion. This study highlights P30's versatility as a biomaterial for bone regeneration, with specific concentrations tailored to different regenerative goals. These results underscore the potential of P30 microspheres loaded with EVs as an effective strategy for promoting bone repair and regeneration.
The Effect of Papaya Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticle as a Potential Photoprotective Agent in Nanocosmetics Farid, Faticha Nasharo Qisthia; Barlian, Anggraini; Wibowo, Indra
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.920-930

Abstract

Indonesia, as a tropical nation, experiences year-round ultraviolet radiation exposure. Excessive ultraviolet radiation, particularly UVB, accelerates premature skin aging, known as photoaging. UVB radiation induces photoaging by damaging DNA and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to oxidative stress and results in increased apoptosis, melanogenesis, senescence, cell cycle arrest, and reduced cell migration capacity. Thus, identifying agents that can mitigate photoaging is crucial for developing skincare therapies. One of the alternative therapies currently being developed is plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs). Papaya (Carica papaya), renowned for its flavonoid and phenolic content, exhibits potent antioxidant properties and has been extensively utilized in skincare formulations. Therefore, this study investigates the effects of papaya-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (CP-PDEN) on inhibiting photoaging in 1BR3 fibroblast cell lines and zebrafish. Results indicated that CP-PDEN effectively internalized into 1BR3 cells and was categorized as nontoxic. The study then examined photoprotective effects after UVB irradiation (100 mJ/cm2) and found that CP-PDEN treatment resulted in better viability and nuclear morphology. Furthermore, CP-PDEN accelerates wound closure in 1BR3 cells and decreases melanocyte count in zebrafish compared with controls. In conclusion, CP-PDEN significantly enhanced cell viability and migration and suppressed melanogenesis, indicating its potential for anti-photoaging skincare applications.
Elevation Affects the Development, Growth, and Cocoon Quality of Eri Silkworm Samia cynthia ricini Boisduval (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Nurkomar, Ihsan; Wahyu Trisnawati, Dina; Adi Nugraha, Yudha; Nur Aisyah, Siti; Cahya Endrawati, Yuni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.1033-1038

Abstract

Samia cynthia ricini is a species of silkworm whose survival, development, and cocoon quality are affected by its environmental factors such as elevation, which affects temperature and humidity. This study aimed to examine the impact of elevation on the survival, development time, cocoon shell weight, and fecundity of S. c. ricini. The research was performed at two sites with different elevations: highland and lowland regions. The findings indicated that S. c. ricini, reared in the highlands, had higher survival rates than those cultivated in the lowlands. Meanwhile, the developmental time of S. c. ricini reared in the lowlands was faster than in the highlands. Additionally, the cocoon shell weight of S. c. ricini reared in the lowlands was also heavier, and the total fecundity of the adults of S. c. ricini reared in the lowlands was higher than those reared in the highlands. This study recommends that S. c. ricini be reared in lowland settings for best results.
Exploring Polycarpa aurata Quoy and Gaimard, 1834 Extracts as Antibiotic Candidates: GC-MS Profiling and Molecular Docking Study Sardiani, Nenis; Litaay, Magdalena; Dwyana, Zaraswati; Wardhani, Riuh
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.896-907

Abstract

Marine natural products have garnered global interest due to their remarkable bioactive compounds. The tunicate P. aurata, a highly abundant marine invertebrate, possesses significant bioactive potential with applications as an anti-cancer, antibacterial, and antifungal agent. This study aims to evaluate the potential of P. aurata bioactive compounds as antibiotic candidates through in vitro testing and to explore their activity via an in-silico approach using molecular docking. P. aurata was extracted using maceration, yielding both methanol and n-hexane extracts. The methanol extract of P. aurata demonstrated greater efficacy than the n-hexane extract, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibition zone diameter of 18.8 mm, compared to 13 mm for Salmonella typhi, both at a 25% concentration. In comparison, the positive control, ciprofloxacin, produced an inhibition zone ranging from 22 to 24 mm for both bacterial strains. GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed three compounds with high % area and similarity index values: Cyclohexane, 1,3,5-triphenyl, Cholesta-5,22-dien-3-ol, and Cholesta-3,5-diene, all of which were suitable for the selected protein target. Computational analysis through molecular docking demonstrated that these compounds exhibit stronger binding affinities compared to ciprofloxacin. This study suggests that the extract of P. aurata is a promising source of bioactive compounds with substantial therapeutic potential as an antibacterial and antibiotic candidate.
The Potential Use of Wood Vinegar as an Alternative Inhibitor to Enhance 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Production by Bacillus paramycoides Farah; Fauzi, Ahmad; Monconegoro, Dicky Adihayyu; Nurani, Diana; Abraham, Silva
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.850-858

Abstract

The expensive production of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) as a plant growth stimulator led to an attempt to get an alternative substrate to reduce the production cost. Levulinic acid is the inhibitor of ALA dehydratase in ALA production. Wood vinegar, a liquid gas produced from wood combustion in airtight conditions, is known to contain 12-17 mM of levulinic acid. This study aims to explore the use of wood vinegar as a potential substitute for levulinic acid in the extracellular production of ALA by bacteria identified as Bacillus paramycoides through 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Adding precursor and inhibitor glutamate and 1% wood vinegar increased the ALA production to 174.3 µM, while the combination of glutamate and levulinic acid raised the ALA production to 179.9 µM. This study confirmed that wood vinegar can enhance the concentration of ALA and potentially substitute levulinic acid as an inhibitor in ALA production.
Feasibility of Probiotic Lactobacillus casei FNCC 0090 to Improve Growth and Immune Response of Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) toward Aeromonas hydrophila Infection Aini, Nurul; Wahyuningsih, Sri Puji Astuti; Fatimah; Andriyono, Sapto; Do, Hoang Dang Khoa; Bachruddin, Muhammad
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.931-939

Abstract

Aeromonas hydrophila can cause motile Aeromonas septicemia, leading to high mortality in catfish. An effective alternative to treat this bacterial infection is administering the probiotic Lactobacillus casei FNCC 0090. However, proper fisheries management is crucial for long-term success. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of administering the probiotic L. casei FNCC 0090 on the growth parameters and immune system of catfish. 200 catfish were divided into 5 different treatments in 5 replicates. The treatments were KN (negative control: without probiotic and infected), KP (positive control: without probiotic and not infected), A (5% probiotic and infected), B (10% probiotic and infected), C (probiotic 15% and infected). The density of probiotics administered is 108 CFU/ml. The fish were kept for 42 days; on the 35th day, the fish were infected with 1 x 108 CFU/ml A. hydrophila intramuscularly. The parameters observed in this study are fish growth (specific growth rate, SGR; feed conversion ratio, FCR; and survival rate, SR) and the immune system (phagocytic activity and the amount of lysozyme enzyme). The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS One Way ANOVA. The results showed that the administration of 15% probiotic L. casei FNCC 0090 had a significant effect on the growth parameters and immune system.

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