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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
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Exhaustive Extraction of Bioactive Components from Sargassum cristaefolium Brown Seaweed: Antioxidant Potential and Bioactivity Rohim, Abd.; Khurniyati, Maylina Ilhami; Sutama, Daning Kinanti; Rahmadina, Safira; Putri, Nabilla Dwi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.859-878

Abstract

Bioactive components are essential ingredients of functional foods, supplements, pharmaceuticals, etc. Sargassum cristaefolium brown seaweed, as an Indonesian marine resource, provides promising bioactive components. The present study was to extract the total bioactive components of S. cristaefolium with a microwave instrument. The extraction method was done serially using different polarity solvents (1st-stage: non-polar, 2nd-stage: semi-polar, Final-stage: polar). Yielded extracts were analyzed for bioactive compounds, functional groups, total phenolic and flavonoid, and antioxidative activities. The results showed that all staged extractions obtained bioactive compounds with various characteristics. However, the 2nd-stage extract was superior, and it exhibited the highest total phenolic and flavonoid (17.53±0.78 mg GAE/g, 72.64±3.01 mg QE/g), the richest volatile bioactive compounds (neophytadiene and phytol were dominant), and the predominant bioactive compound of antioxidative (oleoylethanolamide). Their functional groups confirmed the structure of antioxidative phenolic molecules: C―C stretching skeleton (phenyl/aromatic core), C―H stretching, C―H bending, and O―H stretching. The strongest primary (1439.84±63.02 µg/ml) and secondary (389.73±16.71 µg/ml) antioxidant activities were presented by the 2nd-stage extract. The efficiency of MAE and the potential of S. cristaefolium were promising for developing functional foods and pharmaceuticals that relate to antioxidants in the future.
The Role of Biofilm on Microplastics as A Vector for Heavy Metals in the Waters of Sendang Biru, Malang Regency Al Fatih, Ahmad Nuril Fuad; Kurniawan, Andi; Koentjoro, Maharani Pertiwi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.1092-1102

Abstract

Microplastic contamination in water provides an ideal surface for biofilm formation. It facilitates other pollutants, such as heavy metals, to attach to their surface. This interaction leads to biological and environmental problems. We tested this phenomenon by investigating the presence of microplastics in water, biofilms on surfaces, and heavy metal accumulation during September 2024. It further examines the relationship between microplastic and their contamination in fish. Samples were collected from two stations, namely Kondang Buntung Fish Auction Place (TPI) and the Indonesian Navy Post, water from Sendang Biru, using a purposive sampling method. A total of 20 liters of water and 6 Banyar fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) specimens were analyzed. In contrast, biofilm morphology and heavy metal content were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray. The result found that fibre-shaped microplastics, with fragments and filaments, dominated water samples. Microplastics 1-5 mm in size show that their colors included black, blue, red, and transparent. Five biofilm morphologies on the microplastic surfaces were identified: platelet, thin film, solid film, sporous, and diatoms. Heavy metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, Al, Mg, Fe) were detected with weight percentages ranging from 0.473 to 2.533%. Microplastics are found in the digestive tracts of fish, predominantly microplastic as filaments followed by fragments and fibers. We found that biofilm-coated microplastics accumulate heavy metals, posing a risk of pollutant transfer to aquatic organisms.
Antiplasmodial Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Active Compounds Analysis of Active Fraction of Harmsiopanax aculeatus Leaves from Maluku, Indonesia Turalely, Rachel; Mustofa; Hertiani, Triana; Wijayanti, Mahardika Agus
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.879-895

Abstract

The leaves of the H. aculeatus plant are known as a traditional antimalarial medicinal plant in Maluku. Several studies have reported on the leaf activity of this plant, but studies on in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity and the compounds in the active fraction (F7) of H.aculeatus leaf have not been reported. This study aims to determine the antiplasmodial activity of the F7 of H. aculeatus leaves and to analyze the compounds contained therein. In vitro, antiplasmodial activity was tested on Plasmodium falciparum strain FCR3 using a microscopic method. A cytotoxicity test was performed on Vero cells using an MTT assay. In vivo, the antiplasmodial activity of F7 was carried out using the 4-day suppressive test method by treating Swiss mice infected with P. berghei. Analysis of the compounds in an F7 was done using spray reagent and UV Vis DAD and HPLC DAD-MS with a UV detector. The results showed that the F7 was very active in vitro (IC50 of 0.7 µg.ml-1) and in vivo (ED50 of 2.49 mg.kg BW-1.d-1) also selectively (SI of 8159.94) inhibited the growth of Plasmodium. The F7 contains a group of essential oils, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids after being analyzed using spray reagents. Based on the analysis results, five compounds were identified: fomoxanthone, cyclopentene, microspherone, indole 3-carbaldehyde, and naamine. In addition, seven compounds were not identified.
The Gene Analysis and Probiotic Potential Characterization of Pseudomonas alcaligenes SG03 Manguntungi, Baso; Rusmana, Iman; Mustopa, Apon Zaenal; Meryandini, Anja
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.1039-1052

Abstract

AHPND causes up to 80% of shrimp mortality, severely impacting Indonesia's aquaculture. Rising antibiotic resistance necessitates sustainable alternatives. This study investigates the probiotic potential of Pseudomonas alcaligenes SG03, a bacterium with unique genomic traits, to address antibiotic resistance and promote animal health. Genome analysis revealed a 6.17 Mb genome with 4,446 protein clusters, including genes for carbohydrate metabolism (26.63%), amino acid metabolism (19.93%), and energy metabolism (10.88%). Key probiotic-related genes, such as acid resistance (rpoS, actP), salinity tolerance (gshA, cysK), antibiotic resistance (vanB, gyrA), and metal resistance (copZ, zwf), were identified. In vitro, assays evaluated probiotic properties under conditions mimicking the shrimp gastrointestinal tract. Osmo-tolerance tests showed optimal growth at 10% glucose, with a significant drop in viability at higher concentrations. Autoaggregation increased progressively, reaching 0.78 at 18 hours and 0.13 at 48 hours. Optimal growth occurred at 30°C, with a 2.5-fold increase in optical density compared to 25°C. NaCl tolerance peaked at 2% (20.33×1012 CFU at 48 hours), while bile salt tolerance was highest at 0.1% (27.00×1012 CFU at 48 hours). pH tolerance was optimal at pH 5 (20.00×1012 CFU at 48 hours). Antioxidant (53.00%) and anti-inflammatory (60.33%) activities peaked after 48 hours. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was observed against Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Cefixime, Streptomycin, and Chloramphenicol, with proteolytic activity but no lipolytic or hemolytic properties. These findings highlight P. alcaligenes SG03’s potential as a probiotic in aquaculture to support shrimp health and reduce antibiotic dependency. Future studies should focus on in vivo validation and formulation development.
Truncation on N-Terminal Hydrophobic Domain of L1 Major Capsid Protein of Human Papillomavirus Type 52 Enhances Its Expression in Hansenula polymorpha Arifah, Rosyida Khusniatul; Firdaus, Moh Egy Rahman; Chairunnisa, Sheila; Irawan, Shasmita; Ekawati, Nurlaili; Irawan, Herman; Nurfatwa, Maritsa; Hertati, Ai; Swasthikawati, Sri; Novianti, Ela; Mustafawi, Wike Zahra; Nur Umami, Rifqiyah; Mustopa, Apon Zaenal
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.1062-1072

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. The administration of the HPV prophylactic vaccine, which is commonly produced based on HPV L1 major capsid protein, significantly reduces the incidence of cervical cancer. However, the coverage of the HPV vaccination program is often hindered due to its relatively high cost. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of N-terminal hydrophobic domain truncation on the expression of L1 major capsid protein of HPV type 52 in Hansenula polymorpha. The truncation enhanced the yield of L1 protein expression compared with the full length, which was confirmed by Western blot and ELISA. Furthermore, the truncated L1 protein formed virus-like particles (VLPs), which were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Bioinformatics analysis showed that the truncated L1 protein was more soluble compared with the full length, possibly increasing the protein expression. These findings could pave the way for the development of a more cost-effective HPV type 52 L1 protein production in H. polymorpha to be used as a VLP-based prophylactic vaccine.
Evaluation of Lantana camara Leaf Extract as Biopesticide for Lifecycle Disruption in Spodoptera litura Mallarangeng, Rahayu; Syamsinar; Hasan, Asmar; Hisein, Waode Siti Anima; Taufik, Muhammad; Nuriadi; Johan, Eko Aprianto
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.1053-1061

Abstract

Spodoptera litura is a destructive agricultural pest whose management is hindered by synthetic pesticides' ecological and health risks. Plant-based biopesticides, such as Lantana camara leaf extract, provide a sustainable alternative due to the presence of bioactive phytochemicals with pesticidal properties. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of L. camara extract in disrupting the lifecycle of S. litura. A completely randomized design was adopted, and six treatment concentrations of L. camara extract, namely 0%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%, were applied to second-instar larvae. Observations included larval development time, leaf consumption, pupation rate, pupal weight, moth emergence, and fecundity. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and the result showed that the extract had strong dose-dependent effects on all variables. Pupation, moth development, and fecundity were inhibited by concentrations greater than 25%. Feeding activity was significantly reduced at higher concentrations, with a 100% concentration achieving a 3.67% leaf consumption rate after 48 hours. Larval development was delayed or halted entirely at critical thresholds. In conclusion, L. camara extract effectively disrupted the lifecycle of S. litura, providing immediate suppression and long-term population control. The dual-action potential, biodegradability, and natural origin made extract a sustainable alternative to synthetic pesticides. Future studies are recommended to validate these results under field conditions and evaluate impacts on non-target species.
Phytochemical Analysis and Pharmacological Properties of Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Fruit Extracts Villar-Cabalhin, Mary Annilyn L.; Aguilar, Ma. Ariane Lou C.; Renomeron, Jill Daryl A.; Fuentes, Rolly G.
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 4 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.4.1073-1079

Abstract

Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl., belonging to the family Araceae, is a medicinal plant used by locals in many Asian countries to treat common ailments such as wounds and pain. In this study, the different parts of the fruits -peel, core, and kernels were analyzed for their phytochemicals and antioxidant potentials. Initial phytochemical investigation revealed that flavonoids, polyphenols, and sterols were found in all parts. Terpenoids were found in the core and peel extracts, while cardiac glycosides were found in the core and kernel extracts. The peel extracts were found to have the highest flavonoid content (308.9±19.2 mg quercetin equivalent per g fresh wt sample). It also exhibited the highest total antioxidant activity (EC50 = 23.1±4.2 ppm) among the three extracts, which is next to the activity of ascorbic acid (EC50 = 4.6±1.6 ppm) using the phosphomolybdate method. It also gave the highest DPPH-free radical scavenging activity (EC50 = 41.9±2.6 ppm) among the three extracts but lower activity than the ascorbic acid (EC50 = 1.1±0.5 ppm). At 200 ppm, the peel extracts exhibited a profound inhibitory effect (>50%) on the melanin production in zebrafish embryos. But, at this concentration, the peel extracts were also found to be toxic to the embryo, with 43% mortality. However, the extract did not exhibit antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus. These results suggest the potential of the fruit parts, particularly the peel, as a source of natural compounds with pharmacological importance.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Black Cumin Seed (Nigella sativa) Ethanol Extract Reni Yuslianti, Euis; Susanto, Agus; Sutjiatmo, Afifah Bambang; Widowati, Wahyu; Ayuni, Vini; Hadiprasetyo, Dhanar Septyawan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.5.1273-1282

Abstract

Oral health faces significant challenges due to increasing dental infections by pathogenic microbes such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. Topical antioxidants in toothpaste, gel, and mouthwash are often used to treat dental diseases. There is a growing interest in finding natural alternatives for oral hygiene without side effects compared to conventional toothpaste formulations. Nigella sativa (black cumin) has various pharmaceutical efficacy, making it a valuable plant-based source medicinal compound. This study evaluated black cumin ethanol extract's (BCSE) antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Antibacterial effectiveness was evaluated through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), and disc diffusion assays against P. gingivalis, S. mutans, and C. albicans. Antioxidant activity was reported based on DPPH scavenging, ABTS reduction, H2O2 scavenging, and NO scavenging assays. Black cumin seed ethanolic extract (BCSE) showed antibacterial activity of 4.49 mm, 4.33 mm, and 7.12 mm for P. gingivalis, S. mutans, and C. albicans, respectively, with zones of inhibition increasing in a concentration-dependent manner (p<0.05). MIC and MBC evaluations also revealed that MIC for S. mutans was achieved at 12.5% BCSE concentration, while P. gingivalis and C. albicans required 25%, and MBC reached 100%. The IC50 for DPPH, ABTS, NO, and H2O2 were 25.41, 69.93, 87.18, and 95.16 μg/ml, respectively. The antioxidant activity increased in a concentration-dependent manner, especially at 100 µg/ml of BCSE. Based on these results, BCSE could be an optional ingredient in toothpaste.
Body Size and Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6-12 Years in Jungkat Village, Jongkat District, Mempawah Regency Candramila, Wolly; Bilqis, Khofifah Azmi; Mardiyyaningsih, Asriah Nurdini; Kurniati, Yulia; Suvani, Monika Susi; Hartini, Titin; Rohmatullayaly, Eneng Nunuz; Kawulur, Elda Irma Jeanne Joice
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.5.1303-1312

Abstract

The significant impact of stunting in early childhood affects both physical growth and cognitive development. The prevalence of stunting in Jungkat Village highlights the importance of monitoring growth and development during mid-childhood (ages 6-12), as it is a critical period for cognitive, social, and physical development. The study aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of interventions in addressing stunting by describing the body size and nutritional status of children aged 6-12 in Jungkat Village. A cross-sectional method was employed in four primary schools in Jongkat District. Anthropometric measurements of body height and body weight were used to calculate nutritional status indices, including the body height-to-age index and body mass index. In Jungkat Village, children aged 6-12 show varied growth patterns, including high rates of stunting and obesity, with some stunted children maintaining normal BMI for age, indicating complex interactions between nutrition and growth. In addition, there is no significant sexual dimorphism in growth patterns at this age, but differences in weight are evident, with boys generally heavier after age 7. Environmental, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors may significantly influence these patterns, underscoring the need for integrated health and nutrition interventions that target maternal and early childhood support.
Effectiveness of Earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees and T. Nees) Blume) Combination Capsule as Herbal Preparation in Reducing Cholesterol and Blood Sugar Levels Erviani, Andi Evi; Hasyim, Zohra; Musdalifah; Asminah, Miska
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.5.1214-1224

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease and heart attack symptoms, are the leading causes of death worldwide. High cholesterol levels and blood sugar levels contribute significantly to these diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of combining capsules of earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmannii) in lowering cholesterol and blood sugar levels. After conducting pre-clinical trials, clinical trials were further carried out in humans. Cholesterol and blood sugar levels were measured for 14 days in Phases 1 and 2. Statistical data analysis was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, paired t-hypothesis test, Wilcoxon test, and frequency analysis. The results showed that in Phase 1, there were significant differences in volunteers' cholesterol and blood sugar levels with no clinical symptoms. The most significant decrease in cholesterol levels in female volunteers occurred at the age of 21-30 years, at 25.56%, while the most significant reduction in blood sugar levels occurred at 41-50 years, at 41.50%. On the other hand, the most significant decrease in cholesterol levels in male volunteers occurred at the age of 41-50 years at 33.08%, and the most significant reduction in blood sugar levels occurred at the age of >60 years at 38.87%. The most significant content in the combination capsule was fatty acids and cinnamaldehyde. In conclusion, consuming a combination of earthworm and cinnamon capsules for 14 days caused a reduction in cholesterol and blood sugar levels.

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