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Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural
Published by Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28081595     DOI : https://doi.org/10.46362/jrsc
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art,
Religion Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Other
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural is a peer-reviewed journal which is published by Widya Agape School of Theology incorporate with the scholars association: Indonesia Christian Theologians Association (ICTA) publishes biannually in May and November. This Journal publishes current original research on religious studies and socio-cultural studies using an interdisciplinary perspective, especially within Inter-Religion Theology studies and its related teachings resources: Religious studies in thought, philosophy, history, linguistic, practical studies, and mysticism studies. Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural at first Vol.1, No.1, 2019 biannually in May, with e-ISSN: 2808-1595. Reviewers will review any submitted paper. Review process employs a double-blind review, which means that both the reviewer and author identities are concealed from the reviewers, and vice versa.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 60 Documents
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Mistis-isme dan Pengobatan Tradisional: Kajian Teologi Kristen tentang Mistis-isme dan Pengobatan Tradisional dan Refleksinya bagi Orang Kristen Masa Kini Togatorop, Andri; Sinaga, Andri Vincent; Tan, Juan Ananta
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 4 No 2 (2023): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.4 No.2 (October 2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v4i2.201

Abstract

Mysticism and traditional medicine are two things that are intertwined in terms of healing from illness. Diseases that are often treated through traditional medicine include diseases originating from evil spirits, as well as diseases involving witchcraft, black magic, and even diseases from which it is not known where they originate. In this culture of belief in mysticism and traditional medicine, among Christians there is a dualism of belief, namely one side believes in God, but also believes in evil spirits/dark powers. Of course this is contrary to the Christian faith. The aim of this research is to prove that mystical and traditional medicine is still developing among Christians, as well as the connection between mysticism (occultism) and traditional medicine and to examine it based on Christian theology. The results of the research show that mysticism, as well as traditional medicine, is now increasingly widespread among Christians. Mysticism and traditional medicine are inseparable. This practice of mysticism and traditional medicine is a socio-cultural phenomenon among certain tribes and is very difficult to abandon. Mistis-isme dan pengobatan tradisional adalah dua hal yang saling berkelindan dalam hal penyembuhan dari sakit penyakit. Penyakit yang sering dilayani melalui pengobatan tradisional ini adalah seperti penyakit yang berasal dari roh jahat, juga penyakit guna-guna, santet, bahkan penyakit yang tidak diketahui dari mana berasal. Di dalam budaya kepercayaan kepada mistis-isme dan pengobatan tradisional ini, di kalangan orang Kristen terdapat dualisme kepercayaan yaitu satu sisi percaya kepada Tuhan, namun percaya juga kepada roh jahat/kuasa gelap. Tentu hal ini bertentangan dengan iman Kristen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan bahwa mistis dan pengobatan tradisional masih berkembang di kalangan orang Kristen, pun kaitan antara mistis-isme (okultisme) dan pengobatan tradisional serta mengkajinya berdasarkan teologi Kristen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mistis-isme pun pengobatan tradisional, kini kian merebak di kalangan orang Kristen. Mistis-isme dan pengobatan tradisional saling tidak dapat dipisahkan. Praktik mistis-isme dan pengobatan tradisional ini adalah fenomena sosial-budaya di kalangan suku tertentu dan sangat sukar untuk ditinggalkan.
Christian Religious Education Strategies for Early Childhood in Fostering Knowledge of God in Schools Setiawan, Ruthnawaty; Saukotta, Dunant Frederick; Risakotta, Margreth Luciyanna; Tanasyah, Yusak
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 4 No 2 (2023): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.4 No.2 (October 2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v4i2.209

Abstract

This study aims to identify and analyze Christian religious education strategies that are effective in fostering knowledge of God in early childhood. Early childhood is a critical phase of development in which the foundations of character and moral values are formed. Christian religious education at this stage is considered an important factor in shaping a child's understanding of the existence of God. This study explores effective strategies of Christian religious education targeted at early childhood, with an emphasis on instilling a deep understanding of God. The aim is to provide practical insights and guidance for educators and stakeholders investing in the spiritual development of young learners. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature research methods. Recognizing the formative nature of early experiences, the focus is on creating an environment that encourages spiritual growth, instills Christian values, and fosters a personal relationship with God. This exploration advocates the integration of age-appropriate methods, engaging activities, and supportive communities to build a strong foundation for the development of a child's understanding of God in the school environment.
Analisis Konsep Tritunggal Allah dan Implikasinya berdasarkan Injil Yohanes Pabisa, Djonny; Eunike, Pratiwi; Valentina, Lista
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.5 No.1 (April 2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v5i1.218

Abstract

The concept of the Trinity, referring to God as one essence in three Persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, has been a subject of debate throughout Christian history. Although this doctrine is widely accepted in Christianity, its interpretation and understanding often vary among different Christian denominations and traditions. The type of research used is qualitative with a text analysis approach including text selection, text analysis, interpretation and theological context, and a study of relevant literature. The result is the concept of the Trinity in the Gospel of John, affirming the existence of one God who exists in three Persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. The three persons are distinct but equal and the same in essence and divinity. They interact and relate to each other in ways that cannot be understood by humans because they are carried out according to God's incomprehensible ways. The implication of understanding the principle of the Trinity opens a new perspective on how we can interact and work together in various aspects of our lives. Although we are different, we are interconnected and need each other. Like the Trinity, we can work together in harmony, supporting each other, and achieving greater goals together. Konsep Tritunggal Allah, merujuk kepada Allah sebagai satu esensi dalam tiga Pribadi: Bapa, Anak, dan Roh Kudus, telah menjadi subjek perdebatan sepanjang sejarah Kristen. Meskipun doktrin ini secara umum diterima secara luas dalam kekristenan, namun interpretasi dan pemahamannya seringkali bervariasi di antara berbagai denominasi dan tradisi Kristen. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis teks meliputi seleksi teks, analisis teks, penafsiran dan konteks tologis, dan kajian literatur yang relevan. Hasilnya, konsep Tritunggal Allah dalam Injil Yohanes, menegaskan adanya satu Allah yang eksis dalam tiga Pribadi: Bapa, Anak, dan Roh Kudus. Ketiga pribadi berbeda namun setara dan sama dalam esensi dan keilahian. Ketiga pribadi saling berinteraksi dan saling berelasi satu sama lain dalam cara yang tidak dapat dipahami oleh manusia karena dilakukaan menurut cara-Nya Allah yang tidak dapat dijelaskan dengan akal manusia. Implikasi pemahaman tentang prinsip Tritunggal Allah membuka perspektif baru tentang bagaimana kita dapat berinteraksi dan bekerja bersama dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan kita. Meski kita berbeda, kita saling terkait dan membutuhkan satu sama lain. Seperti Tritunggal Allah, kita bisa bekerja bersama dalam harmoni, saling mendukung, dan mencapai tujuan yang lebih besar bersama-sama.
Kepemimpinan Rohani John O. Sanders Dalam Peningkatan Kepemimpinan Gereja Yang Melayani Tanpa Diskriminasi Tanasyah, Yusak; Repi, Robby Robert; Dumgair, Bartholomeus Marthin; Limahelu, Jackqualine; Tahya, Leanard; Agung, Robert
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.5 No.1 (April 2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v5i1.235

Abstract

Effective spiritual leadership, which has been practiced by many church leaders around the world, is related to motivation, individual potential development, and building a solid team. But that alone is not enough; the ability to manage crises, change and carry outgrowth, are the dominant demands in leadership. Leadership skills require not only skills but also require inspiration, wisdom, and commitment. Everyone today crave leadership, need leadership figures who can be relied on, trusted, and can actualize constructive changes. We need leadership capable of transforming the character of the church, providing strategic changes, as well as being able to increase the potential of the individuals it leads, effectively managing resources and having the desire to be actively involved in the process against discrimination. J Oswald provides the basis for good spiritual leadership in church leadership so that it can bring servant leadership and fight discrimination. Kepemimpinan rohani yang efektif yang selama ini telah dilakukan banyak pemimpin gereja di seluruh dunia, adalah yang berkaitan dengan motivasi, pengembangan potensi individu, dan pembentukan team yang solid. Namun itu saja tidak cukup; kemampuan mengelola krisis, perubahan dan melakukan pertumbuhan-pertumbuhan, menjadi tuntutan dominan dalam kepemimpinan. Keahlian kepemimpinan membutuhkan tidak saja ketrampilan namun juga membutuhkan inspirasi, kearifan dan komitmen. Semua orang saat ini mengidamkan kepemimpinan, membutuhkan figur kepemimpinan yang dapat diandalkan, dipercaya dan dapat mengaktualisasikan perubahan-perubahan konstruktif. Kita membutuhkan kepemimpinan yang mampu mentransformasikan karakter gereja, memberikan perubahan-perubahan strategis, sekaligus yang dapat meningkatkan potensi individu-individu yang dipimpinnya, efektif mengelola sumber daya dan memiliki keinginan untuk aktif terlibat dalam proses melawan diskriminasi masih terjadi dalam banyak bagian. J. Oswald memberikan dasar kepemimpinan rohani yang baik dalam kepemimpinan gereja sehingga dapat membawa kepemimpinan yang melayani serta melawan diskriminasi.
Peran Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Pembentukan Iman Kepada Anak Di Jemaat Gereja Bethel Injil Sepenuh Yerusalem Baru, Surabaya Berdasarkan Kitab Ulangan 6:4-9 Basuki, Eko; Liantoro, Liantoro; Saukotta, Dunant Frederick; Tanasyah, Yusak
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 5 No 1 (2024): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.5 No.1 (April 2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v5i1.239

Abstract

Deuteronomy 6:4-9, also known as the Shema, provides a strong foundation for the formation of Christian faith. In the context of the church, Christian Education teaching can be implemented through several relevant and effective approaches. Christian Education teachers can guide children in understanding and internalizing the fundamental teachings of the oneness of God, love and obedience to Him, and the importance of keeping His commandments. This approach allows children to deeply understand the basic teachings of the Christian faith. The purpose of this study is the application of the values ​​contained in Deuteronomy 6:4-9 in everyday life, Christian Education teachers can help children understand the relevance and practical application of these teachings in the context of their lives. This can be done through stories, illustrations, and concrete examples that illustrate how these values ​​can be lived and practiced in various life situations. By actively involving parents and the church community, children can be placed in an environment that strengthens the values ​​of faith taught in Deuteronomy 6:4-9. Through the implementation of holistic PAK teaching integrated with the teachings of Deuteronomy 6:4-9, it is hoped that the younger generation in the congregation of the New Jerusalem Bethel Gospel Church, Surabaya, can grow in strong faith and be able to face spiritual challenges in their lives. Kitab Ulangan 6:4-9, yang juga dikenal sebagai Syema, memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi pembentukan iman Kristen. Dalam konteks gereja tersebut, pengajaran PAK dapat diimplementasikan melalui beberapa pendekatan yang relevan dan efektif. Guru PAK dapat membimbing anak-anak dalam memahami dan menginternalisasi ajaran fundamental tentang keesaan Allah, cinta dan ketaatan kepada-Nya, serta pentingnya memelihara perintah-Nya. Pendekatan ini memungkinkan anak-anak untuk memahami secara mendalam ajaran-ajaran dasar dalam iman Kristen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam Kitab Ulangan 6:4-9 dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, para guru PAK dapat membantu anak-anak dalam memahami relevansi dan aplikasi praktis dari ajaran tersebut dalam konteks kehidupan mereka. Ini dapat dilakukan melalui cerita, ilustrasi, dan contoh konkret yang menggambarkan bagaimana nilai-nilai tersebut dapat dihayati dan diamalkan dalam berbagai situasi kehidupan. Dengan melibatkan orang tua dan komunitas gereja secara aktif, anak-anak dapat ditempatkan dalam lingkungan yang memperkuat nilai-nilai iman yang diajarkan dalam Kitab Ulangan 6:4-9. Melalui implementasi pengajaran PAK yang holistik dan terintegrasi dengan ajaran Kitab Ulangan 6:4-9, diharapkan generasi muda dalam jemaat Gereja Bethel Injil Sepenuh Yerusalem Baru, Surabaya, dapat tumbuh dalam iman yang kokoh dan mampu menghadapi tantangan spiritual dalam kehidupan mereka.
Hal Hal Mengasihi Sesama dan Musuh: Refleksi Dari Lukas 6:27-36 terhadap Konteks Dialog Beragama Togatorop, Andri; Winanto, Oey Natanael; Lumingkewas, Marthin Steven
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.5 No.2 (October 2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v5i2.200

Abstract

This article discusses the concept of love within the context of Christian teachings, specifically in the relationships among people living in pluralistic societies. "Agape," the Greek term for love, represents the unconditional love that God has for humanity. This love is seen as the foundation of Jesus' teachings, emphasizing the importance of loving one’s neighbor, including one’s enemies, as a reflection of God's love. In a diverse society like Indonesia, the principle of love plays a crucial role in addressing potential religious and cultural conflicts, as differences often serve as sources of tension. Christians are called to be agents of love, not only toward fellow believers but toward all of humanity. Loving unconditionally can break down walls of hostility and prevent cycles of revenge. This article also highlights the importance of a proper understanding of love as a selfless act, demonstrated by Jesus, which inspires peace and unity within society. Through love manifested in concrete actions, Christians become reflections of God’s love in a diverse environment. Love practiced without discrimination serves as a unifying force that transcends differences in ethnicity, race, or religion and strengthens social integration to foster peace and harmony. This research contributes by emphasizing the role of unconditional love as a Christian solution for breaking down barriers of difference and conflict in plural societies, thereby promoting social harmony and peace. Artikel ini membahas konsep kasih dalam konteks ajaran Kristen, khususnya dalam relasi antara umat manusia yang hidup dalam masyarakat plural. Kasih, yang berasal dari kata Yunani "Agape," mencerminkan kasih tanpa syarat yang dimiliki Allah bagi manusia. Kasih ini dipandang sebagai dasar ajaran Yesus, yang menekankan pentingnya mengasihi sesama, termasuk musuh, sebagai cerminan kasih Allah. Dalam masyarakat yang beragam seperti Indonesia, prinsip kasih memiliki peran penting dalam mengatasi potensi konflik antaragama dan budaya, karena perbedaan sering kali menjadi pemicu ketegangan. Orang Kristen dipanggil sebagai agen kasih, tidak hanya untuk sesama umat beragama, tetapi juga bagi seluruh umat manusia. Mengasihi tanpa syarat dapat meruntuhkan tembok permusuhan dan menghindarkan balas dendam. Artikel ini juga menyoroti pentingnya pemahaman yang benar akan kasih sebagai suatu tindakan tanpa pamrih yang ditunjukkan Yesus, yang menginspirasi perdamaian dan persatuan dalam masyarakat. Melalui kasih yang diwujudkan dalam tindakan nyata, orang Kristen menjadi cerminan kasih Allah dalam lingkungan masyarakat yang majemuk. Kasih, yang dijalankan tanpa diskriminasi, berfungsi sebagai kekuatan pemersatu yang melampaui perbedaan suku, ras, atau agama, serta memperkokoh integrasi sosial demi mewujudkan kedamaian dan kerukunan hidup. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dengan menekankan peran kasih tanpa syarat sebagai solusi Kristen untuk meruntuhkan sekat-sekat perbedaan dan konflik dalam masyarakat plural, guna mewujudkan perdamaian dan kerukunan sosial.
Psalmsic Prophecies as Evidence that Jesus is the Messiah Tanasyah, Yusak; Purnomo, Wahyudi; Akimas, Handreas Sudarmiko; Phang, Steven
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.5 No.2 (October 2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v5i2.232

Abstract

This journal article explores the prophecies found in the Book of Psalms, employing a hermeneutical research method to argue that these prophecies serve as substantial evidence for the claim that Jesus is the Messiah. Through a detailed examination of key Psalms traditionally considered messianic, the article highlights the historical, literary, and theological dimensions of these texts, demonstrating their fulfillment in the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The Book of Psalms, a central text in the Hebrew Bible, contains numerous passages that have been interpreted as prophetic references to the coming Messiah. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of these Psalms, employing hermeneutics to uncover their messianic significance and to present a compelling case for Jesus of Nazareth as the fulfillment of these ancient prophecies. Using the hermeneutical research method, this study examines the Psalms through multiple lenses: historical context, literary analysis, theological exegesis, canonical context, and reception history. This multifaceted approach ensures a thorough understanding of the text and its implications. Through hermeneutical analysis, this article provides substantial evidence that the messianic prophecies in the Psalms find their fulfillment in Jesus Christ. The convergence of historical, literary, and theological insights underscores the coherence and credibility of the claim that Jesus is the promised Messiah. This study not only enriches our understanding of the Psalms but also strengthens the theological foundation for Christian belief in Jesus as the Messiah.
Kajian Teologis Peranan Gereja Dalam Memerdekakan Masyarakat Dari Kemiskinan Edowai, Yefri
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.5 No.2 (October 2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v5i2.258

Abstract

Poverty is a reality that exists within society and is an unavoidable aspect of human life. The Bible explicitly discusses poverty as a constant presence in human existence. The Church, in its theological and ecclesiological functions, serves as a medium for proclaiming the Gospel, with its target being the world in which society resides. In a pejorative sense, the Church represents Christianity, and the foundation of Christianity is love, which must be enacted in society. Therefore, the Church cannot detach itself from the issues present in human life, as it endeavors to realize the social dimension of Christian faith. The Church's efforts to liberate society from poverty are carried out through diaconal services, a form of ministry that reflects the compassion of the early Church, serving as a standard for measuring the Christianity of believers. The egalitarian principle, which asserts that every individual, regardless of background, has the same opportunity for equality and to reduce societal disparities, serves as a guiding principle for the Church in conducting social services aimed at alleviating poverty. The Church is considered the most important institution in the world as a gift from God and a vessel to display His glory. Thus, efforts to liberate society from poverty are viewed as the Church's duty and responsibility. The research method employed is qualitative, with a text analysis approach as the primary research method. The findings indicate that if the Church fulfills its role according to biblical standards, both theologically and ecclesiologically, it can effectively liberate society from poverty through well-targeted diaconal strategies aimed at those who genuinely need assistance and are ready to be empowered. Kemiskinan merupakan realita yang ada dalam masyarakat dan tidak dapat di hindari dari kehidupan umat manusia. Alkitab secara jelas membahas tentang kemiskinan yang selalu ada di dalam kehidupan umat manusia. Gereja dalam fungsi teologis dan eklesiologis merupakan sarana pemberitaan Injil dan sasarannya adalah dunia dimana masyarakat berada.Gereja dalam istilah peyoratif mewakili kekristenan dan landasan dari kekristenan adalah kasih yang di implikasikan dalam kehidupan di tengah-tengah masyarakat, sehingga gereja tidak dapat terlepas dari masalah-masalah yang ada dalam kehidupan manusia sebagai upaya merealisasikan dimensi social iman Kristen. Upaya gereja untuk memerdekakan masyarakat dari kemiskinan melalui pelayanan diakonia suatu bentuk pelayanan yang mengaitkan belas kasihan gereja mula-mula sebagai standar mengukur kekristenan orang percaya. Prinsip egalitarian dimana setiap individu terlepas dari latar belakang apapun memilki kesempatan yang sama untuk kesetaraan dan mengurangi kesenjangan dalam masyarakat menjadi acuan dalam gereja menjalankan pelayanan social dalam konteks mengentaskan kemiskinan. Gereja merupakan lembaga terpenting di dunia sebagai pemberian Tuhan dan bejana untuk memperlihatkan keagungan Tuhan sehingga upaya dalam memerdekakan masyarakat dari kemiskinan menjadi tugas dan tanggung jawab gereja. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis teks sebagai metode penelitian utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan apabila gereja menjalankan peranannya sesuai standar alkitab baik secara teologis dan eklesiologis maka akan mampu memerdekakan masyarakat dari kemiskinan dengan strategi tepat dalam menjalankan diakonia dan arah sasaran tepat pada orang-orang yang memang memerlukan pertolongan serta siap untuk di berdayakan.
Refleksi Moral dan Implikasi Etis dari LGBT, Aborsi, dan Euthanasia dalam Konteks Modern Krikhoff, Rudy Arianto
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 5 No 2 (2024): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.5 No.2 (October 2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v5i2.268

Abstract

Social transformation in modern society presents significant challenges for the church in responding to moral and ethical issues, particularly those related to LGBT, abortion, and euthanasia. These issues not only challenge the church's established views on human dignity and God's authority over life but also demand deeper reflection within the context of Christian theology. This article aims to analyze the moral reflection and ethical implications of these three issues, with the goal of understanding how the church can respond to social changes without neglecting essential Biblical principles, while remaining relevant amidst the changing times. This study uses a qualitative method, involving theological literature review as well as interviews with church leaders. The literature review highlights contemporary theological perspectives on morality, love, and justice in relation to LGBT, abortion, and euthanasia. Meanwhile, interviews with church leaders provide practical insights into how moral teachings are applied in navigating social dynamics. The results of this study show that the church must adopt a balanced approach: upholding Biblical moral principles, such as love and respect for life, while also engaging in a more inclusive and compassionate dialogue with society. This approach allows the church to remain relevant in addressing moral and ethical issues in the modern era, without losing its theological integrity. Transformasi sosial dalam masyarakat modern membawa tantangan signifikan bagi gereja dalam merespons isu-isu moral dan etis, khususnya terkait LGBT, aborsi, dan eutanasia. Ketiga isu ini tidak hanya mengguncang pandangan gereja yang telah mapan tentang martabat manusia dan otoritas Tuhan atas kehidupan, tetapi juga menuntut refleksi yang lebih mendalam dalam konteks teologi Kristen. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis refleksi moral dan implikasi etis dari ketiga isu tersebut, dengan tujuan memahami bagaimana gereja dapat merespons perubahan sosial tanpa mengabaikan prinsip-prinsip Alkitabiah yang esensial, namun tetap relevan di tengah perkembangan zaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, meliputi kajian literatur teologis serta wawancara dengan tokoh-tokoh gereja. Kajian literatur menyoroti pandangan teolog kontemporer tentang moralitas, kasih, dan keadilan dalam kaitannya dengan LGBT, aborsi, dan eutanasia. Sementara itu, wawancara dengan para pemimpin gereja memberikan perspektif praktis mengenai bagaimana ajaran moral diterapkan dalam menghadapi dinamika sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gereja harus mengambil pendekatan yang seimbang: mempertahankan prinsip-prinsip moral Alkitabiah, seperti kasih dan penghormatan terhadap kehidupan, sambil membuka dialog yang lebih inklusif dan penuh kasih dengan masyarakat. Pendekatan ini memungkinkan gereja tetap relevan dalam merespons isu-isu moral dan etis di era modern, tanpa kehilangan integritas teologisnya.
Implikasi Teologis Pelayan Tahbisan Perempuan di Gereja Pantekosta Pusat Surabaya (GPPS) Gatotan Surabaya: The Theological Implications of Female Ordination in the Pentecostal Church of Surabaya Central (GPPS) Gatotan Surabaya Mauk, Yedida; Simangunsong, Amran; Missa, Antonius
Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Journal of Religious and Socio-Cultural Vol.6 No.1 (April 2025)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Widya Agape dan Perkumpulan Teolog Agama Kristen Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46362/jrsc.v6i1.275

Abstract

The Church is rooted in life and proclamation through the events of Jesus' death, resurrection, and the sending of the Holy Spirit to the disciples. The sending of the disciples after Pentecost established various ministries within the church, such as prophets, apostles, evangelists, pastors, and teachers. These ministries are integrated into the role of the pastor, also referred to as the ordained minister. Ordained ministers are chosen by the church or synod if they have received the sacrament of Holy Communion, been baptized, and meet the church's requirements. Ordained ministry is open to both genders, men and women. However, churches have often adopted a patriarchal view, considering men as the suitable candidates for ordained ministry due to their role as the first creation of God, with authority and a direct reflection of God's image and glory. This perspective was previously upheld by the Pentecostal Church of Surabaya Central (GPPS) Gatotan, where patriarchy was prioritized, making it difficult for women to serve as ordained ministers. Feminist theology critiques this patriarchal dominance, particularly in the context of ordained ministry within the church, focusing on GPPS Gatotan. Through a hermeneutic analysis of official church documents, GPPS Gatotan recognized the importance of the role of female ordained ministers as part of the inclusive message of the Gospel. This research contributes to understanding how feminist theology can challenge patriarchal structures and promote gender inclusivity in church leadership, especially within Pentecostal contexts. Gereja berakar dari hidup dan pewartaan melalui peristiwa kematian Yesus, kebangkitan-Nya, dan pengutusan Roh Kudus kepada para murid. Pengutusan para murid setelah Pentakosta membentuk berbagai jawatan dalam gereja, seperti nabi, rasul, penginjil, gembala, dan pengajar. Kelima jawatan ini termasuk dalam jabatan gereja yang disebut dengan Pelayan Tahbisan. Pelayan Tahbisan dipilih oleh gereja atau Sinode Gereja setelah memenuhi syarat sakramen Perjamuan Kudus, baptisan, dan persyaratan gereja lainnya. Jabatan ini terbuka untuk kedua gender, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Namun, gereja sering kali memandang jabatan ini melalui kacamata patriarki, dengan anggapan bahwa laki-laki lebih layak karena dianggap sebagai manusia pertama yang diciptakan oleh Allah, memiliki wibawa, dan menggambarkan kemuliaan Allah secara langsung. Pandangan ini diterapkan di Gereja Pantekosta Pusat Surabaya (GPPS) Gatotan, yang memprioritaskan patriarki, sehingga peran perempuan sebagai Pelayan Tahbisan sulit diterima. Teologi feminis hadir untuk mengkritisi dominasi patriarki dalam pelayanan tahbisan di gereja, khususnya di GPPS Gatotan. Melalui analisis hermeneutik terhadap dokumen resmi gereja, GPPS Gatotan menyadari pentingnya peran pelayan tahbisan perempuan sebagai bagian dari pesan Injil yang inklusif. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memahami bagaimana teologi feminis dapat menantang struktur patriarki dan mendorong inklusivitas gender dalam kepemimpinan gereja, khususnya dalam konteks gereja Pantekosta.

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