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Lalu Masyhudi
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INDONESIA
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge
Published by bajang Institute
ISSN : 27983471     EISSN : 27983641     DOI : 10.53625
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge, published by Bajang Institute. Published in two formats, print and online, print version of ISSN: 2798-3471 and the online version of ISSN: 798-3641, both of which are published every month. The scope of the journal studies broadly includes: Culture (a unique study of performing arts and classical culture, traditional from various regions in Indonesia, and modern cultural arts such as dance, fine arts, and music art also includes the study of Indonesian literature on classical and contemporary literary issues) Religion (Study of comparative religion, study of pluralism and religious diversity in Indonesia) Sociopolitical Science/State Administration Media (Cultural studies and media, New Media and Contemporary Societies) Gender (Urban Culture, Gender bias, and gender inequality) Public policy (extractive public policies, distributive public policies, and regulative public policies) Development (economic and social development, urban and regional development) Environment (customs, social and environmental, land and natural resource utilization) Disaster (local wisdom and social culture, disaster management, community empowerment, survival and humanity, disaster and social emergency response organizations) Tourism (ecotourism, tourism management, religious tourism, urban tourism, and cultural tourism) Agriculture Economics Health Education
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 2,495 Documents
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGANG SAHAM TERKAIT SENGKETA PENGUASAAN TANAH OLEH PERUSAHAAN Wati, Rika Sandra Vika; Felicitas Sri Marniati; Taqiyuddin Kadir
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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Abstract

The issue addressed in this study focuses on the control of land by a company and its implications for the protection of shareholders’ rights, as reflected in Decision No. 154/Pdt.G/2023/PN Smg, Decision No. 100/Pdt.G/2024/PN Lbp, and Decision No. 123/Pdt.G/2021/PN Smg. The research problems formulated in this study are: (1) How is the dispute between shareholders and the company regarding the control of shareholders’ land resolved? and (2) How is legal protection provided for shareholders in relation to land control by the company? The theories employed in this study are the Theory of Legal Protection by Satjipto Rahardjo and the Theory of Dispute Resolution by Dean G. Pruitt and Jeffrey Z. Rubin. This research adopts a normative juridical approach, which is a legal study based on literature or secondary data, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research employs several approaches, namely the statutory approach, case approach, analytical approach, and conceptual approach. Legal materials were collected through the identification and inventory of positive legal rules, literature, books, journals, and other legal sources. The analysis of legal materials was conducted using legal interpretation—specifically grammatical and systematic interpretation—and legal construction methods, including analogy construction and the refinement of law (rechtsverfijning). The findings reveal that legal protection for shareholders in the context of corporate land control continues to face obstacles, both in terms of regulation and implementation. Although, in normative terms, company law clearly separates corporate assets from the personal property of shareholders, practical realities indicate that abuse of authority by management or majority shareholders still occurs frequently
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMBELI ATAS PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH TERKAIT UANG TITIPAN BPHTB YANG TIDAK DIBAYARKAN OLEH PPAT Onoh, Teguh; Felicitas Sri Marniati; Khalimi, Khalimi
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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Although the BPHTB (Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan) collection system adheres to the self-assessment mechanism, in which taxpayers calculate and pay their own tax obligations, the Land Deed Official (Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah or PPAT) bears the responsibility to ensure that the BPHTB has been fully paid before the deed of transfer of rights is signed. In practice, however, there are cases in which the PPAT fails to remit the BPHTB funds entrusted to them. The research questions in this study are: (1) What is the legal liability of the PPAT for the use of BPHTB entrusted funds that are not paid? and (2) What legal protection is available to the buyer in relation to BPHTB entrusted funds that are not paid by the PPAT? The theories employed in this research are the Theory of Legal Protection as formulated by Satjipto Rahardjo and the Theory of Responsibility as formulated by Hans Kelsen. This study employs a normative juridical method, namely legal research based on literature or secondary data, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research applies several approaches: the statutory approach, case approach, analytical approach, and conceptual approach. Legal materials were collected through the identification and inventory of positive legal rules, books, journals, and other legal sources. The analysis of legal materials was conducted through legal interpretation, specifically grammatical and systematic interpretation, as well as legal construction methods, including analogy construction and the refinement of law (rechtsverfijning). The findings of this research indicate that the legal liability of the PPAT for the use of BPHTB entrusted funds that are not paid encompasses administrative, civil, and criminal aspects. The PPAT is obliged to remit the BPHTB in a timely manner as a prerequisite for the registration of the transfer of land rights, with negligence potentially resulting in administrative sanctions up to dismissal from office, civil liability for damages under Article 1365 or 1239 of the Indonesian Civil Code, and criminal liability for embezzlement or forgery under Articles 372 and 263 of the Indonesian Penal Code. Legal protection for the buyer in such cases includes a statutory interpretation that prioritizes the certainty of rights
TANGGUNG JAWAB NOTARIS DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA PERJANJIAN PENGIKATAN JUAL BELI TANAH YANG MENGATUR KLAUSUL JUAL BELI DENGAN HAK MEMBELI KEMBALI Novena, Elisabeth; Maryano, Maryano; Putra Hutomo
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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A notary holds an essential role in drafting the Land Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (PPJB). Issues arise regarding the buy back clause as regulated in the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata). De facto, this clause is no longer relevant following the enactment of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA). In practice, it is found that notaries sometimes prepare PPJBs whose provisions contradict agrarian law principles and are disguised as loan agreements. This research examines two main issues: (1) What are the legal consequences of a PPJB deed that regulates a sale and purchase agreement with a buy-back clause? (2) What are the responsibilities of a notary in drafting a PPJB deed that includes a sale and purchase agreement with a buy back clause? The analysis in this research employs the Theory of Legal Consequences by R. Soeroso and the Theory of Legal Responsibility by Hans Kelsen. The method used in this research is normative juridical research, especially Library Law research or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources of law. The research approaches used include legislative approaches, case studies, conceptual, and analytical methodologies. And the method of collecting such legal materials is carried out by identifying and inventorying positive law, journals and other sources of law. The method used in analyzing the material of grammatical laws and systematic interpretation. The research findings indicate that a Land Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement (PPJB) containing a buy back clause is null and void by law, as it contradicts agrarian law and is misused as a loan agreement A notary who fails to ensure the conformity of the deed with the actual facts may be held administratively and civilly liable under the Articles 84 and 85 of Indonesian Notary Law (UUJN). Therefore, notaries are obliged to provide legal counseling and exercise due diligence to prevent the misuse of PPJB, and regulators should amend Article 17 of the UUJN concerning the prohibition for notaries, specifically prohibiting notaries from drafting a PPJB of land with a buy-back clause.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PIHAK PENJUAL DALAM AKTA JUAL BELI YANG DIBUAT PEJABAT PEMBUAT AKTA TANAH TERKAIT PENYALAHGUNAAN KEADAAN DAN AKIBAT HUKUMNYA Kholid, Idham; Felicitas Sri Marniati; Iran Sahrir
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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Land sale and purchase agreements must be based on mutual agreement free from coercion, fraud, and error. Abuse of circumstances often occurs in land sale and purchase practices in Indonesia, even though the implementation is made by an authorized official, namely the Land Deed Official. The formulation of the research problem is regarding the legal consequences of sales and purchase deeds made by land deed officials related to abuse of circumstances and how the legal protection of the seller in sales and purchase deeds made by land deed officials related to abuse of circumstances. The theories used are the theory of legal consequences from R. Soeroso and legal protection from Satjipto Rahardjo. The method used in this research is normative juridical, this research uses secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources. The research approach used is the legislative approach, case, analytical, conceptual, and legal material collection techniques are carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal regulations, book literature, and other legal material sources. For legal material analysis techniques, legal interpretation techniques are carried out, namely grammatical interpretation and systematic interpretation as well as legal construction, namely analogy construction and legal refinement construction. The results of the reasearch can be concluded, the legal consequences of the sale and purchase deed made by land deed official related to the abuse of circumstances (misbruik van omstandigheden) is that the sale and purchase deed does not produce fully binding legal consequences, because there is a defect in the will of one of the parties and legal actions that do not meet subjective requirements such as free will resulting in imperfect legal consequences, namely the sale and purchase deed can be canceled through a court decision, with this cancellation the seller obtains legal protection. The government should provide further regulation regarding the provisions of Article 22 of Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning the Position of the Land Deed Official, particularly with regard to the declaration of the parties affirming that they are acting voluntarily and that no hidden legal arrangement exists behind the sale and purchase agreement which could lead to a defect of will in the execution of the deed.
KEPASTIAN HUKUM PENETAPAN HARGA DALAM JUAL BELI HAK ATAS TANAH DAN BANGUNAN SEBAGAI DASAR PENGENAAN PAJAK PENGHASILAN (PPh) DAN BEA PEROLEHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN BANGUNAN (BPHTB) YANG DIBUAT DIHADAPAN PPAT TERKAIT DENGAN HARGA YANG SEBENARNYA Muda, Iskandar; Erny Kencanawati; Sartono, Sartono
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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Abstract

Deed of sale and purchase made before PPAT by stating the actual price that should be the only legal basis that provides absolute certainty in the imposition of Income Tax and BPHTB (das Sollen), but in reality the transaction price listed in the deed is often engineered lower (undervalue) to avoid a higher tax burden (Das Sein). This study raises two issues, namely (1) What are the legal consequences between the role of PPAT and the imposition of Income Tax (PPh) Article 4 paragraph (2) on the sale and purchase of land rights and land and building Rights Acquisition duty (Bphtb)? (2) How is the legal certainty of the role of PPAT in determining the sale and purchase price of land and buildings in the process of Bea acquisition of land and building rights (BPHTB) and the imposition of Income Tax (PPh) Article 4 paragraph (2)? by using the theory of legal consequences according to the legal consequences according to R.Soeroso and L.J. Van Apeldoorn. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normative, khususnya penelitian hukum perpustakaan atau data sekunder dengan suber hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan meliputi pendekatan legislative, kasus study, konseptual, dan metodologist analysis. Dan metode pengumpulan bahan bahan hukum tersebut dilakukan dangan mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi hukum positif, jurnal, dan sumber hukum lainnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam menganalisis materi hukum Gramatikal dan interpreted The system. Dan konstruksi hukum menggunakan Metode Konstruksi Analogue dan Argued Against. The results of this study in determining the purchase price of land and buildings, PPAT must run the principle of firm legal certainty and accountability because the price is the basis for the imposition of BPHTB, so that the tax process can run transparent, fair, and avoid manipulation of the value of transactions that could potentially cause disputes. In addition, PPAT is also obliged to carry out administrative validation by ensuring the Final payment of Income Tax by the seller through verification of proof of tax deposit before the deed is signed, in order to ensure tax compliance and avoid legal risks for all parties involved.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PARA PIHAK TERHADAP PEMALSUAN DOKUMEN JUAL BELI TANAH OLEH PPAT DALAM PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH Syariffudin, Syariffudin; Slamet Turhamun; Wira Franciska
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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Legal protection for the parties against document forgery in land sale and purchase transactions committed by the Land Deed Official (PPAT) in the transfer of land rights constitutes an essential aspect of land law. The issues addressed in this research are: (1) What are the legal consequences of the transfer of land rights through sale and purchase when forgery of documents is committed by a PPAT, and (2) What forms of legal protection are available for the parties against document forgery by a PPAT in the transfer of land rights. This research employs the theory of legal consequences as articulated by Soeroso and the theory of legal protection as developed by Satjipto Rahardjo. The research method applied is normative juridical research, namely legal research based on library studies or secondary data, utilizing sources of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research adopts several approaches, including the statutory approach, case approach, analytical approach, and conceptual approach. Legal materials are collected through identification and inventory of positive legal rules, legal literature, books, journals, and other sources of law. The techniques of legal analysis employed include legal interpretation—consisting of grammatical and systematic interpretation—and legal construction, namely analogy construction and legal refinement (rechtsverfijning). The findings reveal that document forgery committed by a PPAT in the transfer of land rights gives rise to serious consequences under civil, criminal, and administrative law. From a civil law perspective, a deed executed on the basis of forged documents is null and void by operation of law, thus the land certificate resulting from such transfer may be revoked by the National Land Agency (BPN) and restored to the rightful owner, even if it disadvantages a bona fide purchaser. From a criminal law perspective, a PPAT proven to have engaged in forgery may be prosecuted under Articles 263, 264, and 266 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) with imprisonment as the sanction. From the professional standpoint, a PPAT may be subjected to administrative sanctions, including permanent dismissal. Legal protection for the victims is realized through deed annulment, civil claims for damages, criminal prosecution, and professional supervision by the competent authorities.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMBELI TERHADAP PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH AKIBAT JUAL BELI YANG DILAKUKAN DI BAWAH TANGAN Ulfah, T Sy Alfina; Wira Franciska; Amelia Nur Widyanti
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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This research discusses legal issues arising from the practice of unregistered land rights transactions. This practice is often conducted to avoid administrative fees, expedite the transaction process, or due to a lack of knowledge of applicable legal procedures. Unregistered transactions do not meet formal legal requirements and thus have the potential to cause problems, such as when the seller or their heirs deny the existence of the transaction, or when the land becomes the subject of a dispute in court. This causes good faith purchasers to face difficulty in defending their rights because the evidence they possess lacks probative value. The theories used in this research are the Theory of Legal Consequences by Soeroso and the Theory of Legal Protection by Satjipto Rahardjo. The research method used is normative legal research, which is conducted by examining library materials or secondary data. The approaches used in this study include the statute approach to examine all relevant laws and regulations, the case approach to build legal arguments based on concrete cases, the analytical approach, and the conceptual approach. The legal materials used consist of primary legal materials that are authoritative and binding, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Based on an analysis of court decisions, it was found that the Indonesian justice system seeks to provide legal protection to good faith purchasers in unregistered land transactions. Although the transaction was not made before a competent official, the court can declare the sale and purchase valid and establish the buyer as the legal owner. This indicates that ownership of land rights does not only depend on the PPAT deed, but also on strong evidence of the agreement, full payment, and legal physical possession.
PERUBAHAN SIKAP KERJA BERDASARKAN KAIDAH ERGONOMI DAN PEMBERIAN PEREGANGAN DINAMIS MENURUNKAN KELUHAN LOW BACK PAIN DAN MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADA PERAJIN BAMBU Ni Putu Ayu Resitha Dewi; I Kadek Dwi Arta Saputra; A.A Istri Diah Indrasuari; Ni Putu Ardiyanti; Ni Made Ayu Wulandari
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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Pengrajin bambu dengan postur kerja yang tidak ergonomis berisiko mengalami keluhan kesehatan, salah satunya nyeri punggung bawah (NPB). Posisi kerja yang tidak mengikuti prinsip ergonomis, seperti membungkuk dalam waktu lama, duduk tanpa penyangga punggung yang tepat, atau mengangkat beban dengan tidak benar, meningkatkan tekanan pada otot dan tulang belakang. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan treatment by subject, dikembangkan dalam bentuk one-arm serial design dimana semua subjek berperan sebagai subjek kontrol dan perlakuan pada periode waktu yang berbeda. Populasi sasaran dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 11 orang pengrajin. Alat dan metode pengukuran yang digunakan adalah kuesioner identitas pribadi dan kuesioner keluhan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji parametrik dengan taraf signifikansi α = 0,05 untuk data yang berdistribusi normal dan uji non parametrik untuk data yang tidak berdistribusi normal. Pada penelitian ini, analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS Versi 22. Rerata skor keluhan NNP sebelum bekerja (pre) sebesar 29,54 pada Periode I dan 29,18 pada Periode II. Berdasarkan data tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keluhan nyeri punggung bawah (LBP) pada pengrajin sebelum bekerja menurun sebesar 1,22%. Sementara itu, rerata skor keluhan nyeri punggung bawah setelah bekerja (pasca) pada Periode I adalah 46,90 dan pada Periode II adalah 40,09, yang menunjukkan penurunan sebesar 13,02%. Data produktivitas yang diperoleh menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dengan nilai P < 0,05.
HUBUNGAN HASIL SCREENING PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN DENGAN LAMA RAWAT INAP DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PURI HUSADA TEMBILAHAN Ayu Lestari; M. Berri Ridhoka; Nurtanny, Nurtanny
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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Lama rawat inap merupakan salah satu indikator kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit. Faktor gizi, termasuk penurunan berat badan, dapat mempengaruhi durasi perawatan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan hasil screening penurunan berat badan dengan lama rawat inap pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Puri Husada Tembilahan. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 31 pasien rawat inap di ruang interne pada periode 18 Juni–1 Juli 2025. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 16 responden (51,61%) mengalami penurunan berat badan tidak signifikan (<5% dalam 6 bulan) dan 15 responden (48,39%) mengalami penurunan berat badan signifikan (≥5% dalam 6 bulan). Hasil uji chi-square diperoleh p-value = 0,366 (p>0,05), OR = 1,929 (95% CI: 0,462–8,053), yang menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang menghasilkan antara hasil screening penurunan berat badan dengan lama rawat inap. Disimpulkan bahwa penurunan berat badan tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan lama rawat inap di RSUD Puri Husada Tembilahan. Rumah sakit diharapkan meningkatkan pemantauan gizi pasien melalui pemeriksaan berkala agar risiko malnutrisi dapat dicegah lebih dini
BAHASA CINTA DALAM DUA BAHASA: PILIHAN BAHASA DALAM PERCAKAPAN KELUARGA MUDA DI PERKOTAAN BALI A.A. Sg. Candra Permatasari
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): Oktober 2025
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This study examines the language choices made by young parents in urban Bali in family conversations. Against Bali's unique sociolinguistic backdrop where Balinese with its speech level system (sor-singgih basa) interacts with Indonesian as the national language and English as a global language, this research aims to identify dominant language choice patterns and analyze the determining factors behind these choices. Using a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and observations of ten young families in Denpasar, and drawing on Fishman's (1965) Domain of Language Use theory and Giles & Smith's (1979) Accommodation Theory, this study reveals three main patterns: domain-based patterns, one-person-one-language (OPOL) patterns, and dynamic code-mixing patterns. The findings indicate that language choice is not merely a pragmatic action but also a complex identity negotiation, driven by motivations to preserve cultural heritage, ensure children's social mobility, and manage impressions within extended families. This study concludes that young Balinese families serve as both agents of change and preservation in contemporary Balinese language ecology

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