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Buletin Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Prima
Published by Universitas Prima Indonesia
ISSN : 28289994     EISSN : 28289994     DOI : https://doi.org/10.34012/bkkp
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Media publikasi ilmiah di bidang kedokteran dan kesehatan yang terbit dua kali dalam setahun yaitu pada bulan Maret dan September. Berisi tulisan hasil penelitian lapangan atau laboratorium maupun studi pustaka dari bidang ilmu seperti kedokteran klinis, kedokteran tropis, kedokteran gigi, biomedis, farmasi klinis dan kesehatan masyarakat.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 224 Documents
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The association between snacking habits and the incidence of diarrhoea among school-aged children at SD Negeri 060834 Medan Petisah Gea, Lestin; Hartono, Hartono; Ginting, Rapael
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6786

Abstract

Background: Diarrhoea remains a significant health concern among school-aged children, with snacking habits playing a potential role in its occurrence. Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between snacking habits (frequency, type, and consumption practices) and the incidence of diarrhoea among primary school students at SDN 060834 Medan Petisah. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 56 students in grades IV–VI. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing snacking habits and diarrhoea incidence. Statistical analysis employed chi-square tests to determine associations. Results: The majority of respondents (60.7%) reported frequent snacking, with 58.9% exhibiting healthy snacking practices. No significant association was found between the frequency (p=0.549) or type (p=0.122) of snacks consumed and diarrhoea. However, unhealthy snacking practices showed a significant association with diarrhoea incidence (p=0.001), with 64.3% of students engaging in unhealthy practices experiencing diarrhoea. Conclusion: Unhealthy snacking practices significantly increase the risk of diarrhoea among schoolchildren. Interventions promoting hygienic and nutritious snacking habits are essential to reduce diarrhoea prevalence in this population.
Factors influencing glycaemic control behaviours among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Royal Prima Hospital, Medan Rafika, Nazla Ghina; Hulu, Victor Trismanjaya; Sihotang, Widya Yanti
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6787

Abstract

Elevated blood glucose levels are indicative of a chronic metabolic disorder known as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which necessitates long-term management through effective glycaemic control. Poor glycaemic control behaviours can elevate the risk of severe complications, diminish quality of life, and increase economic burden. This study aimed to analyse the determinants of glycaemic control behaviours in individuals with T2DM at Royal Prima Hospital Medan. A quantitative design employing a cross-sectional method was utilised. The study population comprised all patients with T2DM registered at Royal Prima Hospital Medan. A sample of 182 participants was recruited using consecutive sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and secondary data from patient medical records. Data analysis included univariate analysis, chi-square tests, and logistic regression for bivariate analysis. The findings of this study demonstrated a significant association between medication adherence and glycaemic control behaviours in individuals with T2DM.
The environmental determinants of disease transmission in Medan City Hasibuan, Elisa Khairiyah; Silalahi, Marlinang Isabella; Hartono, Hartono
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6788

Abstract

Health issues, potentially triggered by environmental conditions and human behaviour, represent a complex challenge, particularly in Indonesia where environmentally related diseases remain a primary cause of mortality. This study aimed to ascertain the spatial distribution of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF), Tuberculosis (TB), and diarrhoea in the city of Medan. The research employed a descriptive analysis of DHF and TB case data aggregated by sub-district, encompassing population, age group, and sex distribution. Acute diarrhoea case data were collected from various community health centres (puskesmas) in Medan City, categorized by puskesmas location, patient age, and dehydration status. The results revealed significant variations in the number of DHF cases across Medan's sub-districts, with Medan Helvetia recording the highest incidence. The distribution of TB cases also varied, with Medan Deli exhibiting the highest number of reported cases. For diarrhoea, Puskesmas Helvetia reported the highest number of cases. The discussion delves into the factors influencing the spatial distribution of these three diseases, including population density, environmental determinants, community behaviour, access to healthcare services, and sanitation conditions. In conclusion, the study highlights that the spread of infectious diseases in Medan City is influenced by a variety of interacting factors. Effective prevention and control efforts necessitate a comprehensive, multi-sectoral approach focusing on robust surveillance, community empowerment, improved access to healthcare, and the enhancement of environmental and sanitation conditions.
The relationship between nursing staff behaviour and the implementation of occupational safety and health (OSH) in the Emergency Department of Hospital X, Central Tapanuli Pohan, Agraesta Arichdayana; Pane, Putri Yunita; Pakpahan, Eka Lolita Eliyanti
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6789

Abstract

Hospital Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) encompasses a range of activities aimed at ensuring and protecting the safety and health of all hospital personnel, patients, patient companions, visitors, and the hospital environment. These efforts are undertaken through the prevention of workplace accidents and occupational diseases. This research aimed to analyse the relationship between nurses' behaviour and the implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in the Emergency Department (ED) of Hospital X, Central Tapanuli, in 2025. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 31 nurses participated in the research, and data were collected via questionnaires. The collected data were subsequently analysed using univariate and bivariate tests, specifically the Chi-Square test. The bivariate test results indicated a significant association between nurses' knowledge and the implementation of OHS in the ED (p-value = 0.002 < 0.05). Similarly, a significant association was found between nurses' attitudes and the implementation of OHS in the ED (p-value = 0.001 < 0.05). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the actions of nursing staff and the implementation of OHS in the ED of Hospital X, Central Tapanuli, in 2025. The implications of this research highlight the need for enhanced understanding and knowledge of OHS implementation among healthcare professionals in the ED of Hospital X, Central Tapanuli.
Impact of high glycaemic index food consumption in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A narrative review Haris, Muhammad Akbar; Naufal, Naufal; Hulu, Victor Trismanjaya; Sihotang, Widya Yanti
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6790

Abstract

Consumption of foods with a high glycaemic index (GI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can negatively impact their glycaemic control. High-GI foods typically induce a rapid increase in blood glucose levels. This research aimed to identify the impact of high glycaemic index food consumption in individuals with T2DM. A narrative review methodology was employed. The inclusion criteria for this study were articles published in indexed journal databases (Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus Journal, PubMed, ProQuest) written in English, with cross-sectional and experimental designs. Nine articles published between 2008 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria. The findings of this review underscore the importance of understanding glycaemic index food consumption in patients with T2DM. Integrating low-GI foods into the diet of individuals with T2DM may represent a practical strategy for improving metabolic control and reducing the risk of hyperglycaemia. Improved glycaemic control, such as that achieved by consuming a very-low-carbohydrate, high-fat breakfast, substantially reduces postprandial (after-meal) glucose excursions, particularly in the morning, a period when individuals with type 2 diabetes frequently experience the highest blood glucose spikes. In conclusion, improved glycaemic control, such as that achieved by consuming a very-low-carbohydrate, high-fat breakfast, substantially reduces postprandial (after-meal) glucose excursions, particularly in the morning, a period when individuals with type 2 diabetes frequently experience the highest blood glucose spikes.
A comparison of the effect of soaking in 75% pomegranate peel and pulp extract versus sodium hypochlorite on the surface roughness of heat-cured acrylic resin denture bases Watri, Desi; Wijaya, Cindy Denhara; Harahap, Fitriah Khairani; Pakpahan, Sadesma Uli; Oktavia, Yuli; Sitio, Annisa Rizqi Ramadhani
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6792

Abstract

Heat-cured acrylic resin is the most common material used for denture bases; however, it has limitations such as susceptibility to fluid absorption and abrasion, which can increase surface roughness. This roughness has the potential to become a site for the colonisation of microorganisms such as Candida albicans. Sodium hypochlorite is frequently used as a denture disinfectant, but its corrosive properties can exacerbate surface roughness. Therefore, alternative natural materials such as pomegranate (both peel and pulp) extracts have become a focus of research. Aim: This study aimed to determine the comparative effects of immersion in 75% pomegranate peel extract and 75% pomegranate pulp extract versus sodium hypochlorite on the surface roughness of heat-cured acrylic resin. Method: This study employed a pre- and post-test control group experimental laboratory design, with three treatment groups of nine samples each. Acrylic resin samples were immersed for 7 days and 14.5 hours in the treatment solutions, and their surface roughness was measured using a surface roughness tester before and after immersion. Data analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, One-Way ANOVA, and Post Hoc Tukey test. Results: This study found no significant difference between the treatment groups regarding the surface roughness of heat-cured acrylic resin (p = 0.718). However, only the sodium hypochlorite group showed a significant change in surface roughness before and after immersion (p = 0.003), whereas the pomegranate peel and pulp extract groups did not show significant changes (p = 0.099 and p = 0.065, respectively). Conclusion: 75% pomegranate peel and pulp extracts did not cause significant changes to the surface roughness of heat-cured acrylic resin and may represent safer natural alternatives to sodium hypochlorite as denture soaking solutions.
The effectiveness of natural tooth whitening using herbal substances on coffee-induced tooth discoloration Purba, Member Reni; Tarigan, Gabriel C.J.; Lokanata, Shieny
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6793

Abstract

Tooth discoloration can be caused by many factors, including food and beverages. One of the drinks that can affect tooth color is coffee. Tooth discoloration can be overcome by teeth whitening procedures, which often use chemicals that can cause tooth sensitivity. Therefore, in this study, researchers are looking for safer alternatives, namely using herbal ingredients such as kepok banana peel and pineapple stem. This study used a laboratory experimental method with a pre-test and post-test only research design with control groups. The sample consisted of 27 central and lateral incisor teeth, which were divided into three treatment groups. The samples were then soaked for 14 days in coffee solution, and then group one was soaked in 100% kepok banana peel extract, group two was soaked in 100% pineapple stem extract, and group three as a control group was soaked in 6% hydrogen peroxide. All samples were soaked for two days in an incubator. The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that there was a significant color difference (p<0.05) between the three treatment groups. The Post Hoc LSD test showed there was a significant difference between the 6% hydrogen peroxide group and the two extract groups, and also a significant difference between 100% kepok banana peel and 100% pineapple stem extract. Each group has an effect on tooth discoloration. Hydrogen peroxide is indeed the group with the highest tooth color change but has an effect that can make teeth sensitive. The banana peel and pineapple stem extract groups also had a significant and safer effect on teeth. 100% kepok banana peel extract and 100% pineapple stem extract have an effect on tooth discoloration but are not better than hydrogen peroxide. In addition, 100% pineapple stem extract has a better ability in teeth whitening than 100% kepok banana peel extract.
Factors influencing the fee setting for orthodontic appliance placement in dental practices in the Medan Petisah Sub-district Desta, Maorina; Lim, Davin; Pratama, Rizky; Sari, Lusi Rahma
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i1.6795

Abstract

Orthodontic treatment is one way to deal with malocclusion problems to achieve good dental occlusion. As a result of the phenomenon of individual needs in overcoming malocclusion, many people come to the dentist's practice to install braces at different rates. This study aims to determine the most dominant factor in influencing the rates of braces fitting in general dental practices in Medan. This type of research is descriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. The study population was dentists who practised actively in Medan and performed fixed orthodontic treatment or braces. The sample size was 30 people with purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires. Data analysis used Spearman's Correlation test and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the mean of the type of braces, practice location, and type of malocclusion were 3.17 ± 0.950; 3.77 ± 0.504; and 9.13 ± 1.383, while the rate of braces had a mean of 1.37 ± 0.490. Spearman;s correlation statistical test can be stated that there is an influence of the type of brace (p=0.002; p≤0.05), practice location (p=0.039; p≤0.05), and type of malocclusion (p=0.005; p≤0.05) on the determination of significant dental practice brace tariffs in Medan Petisah District. The type of brace had a strong degree of influence, while the location of the practice and the type of malocclusion showed a moderate degree of influence. The type of brace is the most dominant factor in influencing the determination of tariffs. The conclusion of this study is that the better the type of brace, the more expensive the fitting rate.
Glycemic control, periodontal disease, and tooth mobility in type 2 diabetes Molek, Molek; Tarigan, Susiani; Nuari, Arifah Nur Amaliyah
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.6835

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a growing global and national health crisis, is associated with various systemic complications, including often-overlooked oral health deterioration, particularly periodontal disease. While the general bidirectional link between diabetes and periodontal disease is established, research on the direct correlation between glycaemic control (HbA1c) and periodontal status or tooth mobility in specific regional contexts like Indonesia remains inconsistent. This study aimed to analyse this relationship in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) at Dr. Yuliddin Away Tapaktuan Hospital. An analytical survey with a cross-sectional design was conducted in September-October 2024 at RSUD dr. Yuliddin Away Tapaktuan. A convenience sample of 40 T2DM patients was selected from a population of 63. HbA1c level was the independent variable, while periodontal disease status and tooth mobility degree were the dependent variables. Data were collected via direct oral examination and patient medical records, and subsequently analysed to determine associations. The study cohort (n=40) was predominantly female (72.5%) and over 45 years old (85%). A significant majority (80.0%) exhibited uncontrolled HbA1c levels. Periodontal disease was highly prevalent, with 80.0% of patients having gingivitis. The bivariate analysis revealed a strong and statistically significant relationship between blood glucose control and periodontal disease severity (p < 0.001). Among patients with controlled HbA1c, 87.5% maintained healthy periodontal status, whereas 96.8% of those with uncontrolled HbA1c presented with gingivitis. Conversely, while all controlled HbA1c patients showed no tooth mobility (Degree 0), 21.9% of the uncontrolled group had some degree of mobility (Degree 1 or 2). However, this association between HbA1c control and tooth mobility was not statistically significant (p = 0.910). This study confirms a significant inverse relationship between optimal blood glucose control and the severity of periodontal disease in T2DM patients, particularly regarding gingivitis. Effective glycaemic management is therefore critical for promoting periodontal health. While a trend was observed, the relationship between HbA1c control and tooth mobility did not reach statistical significance, suggesting its multifactorial nature. These findings underscore the importance of integrating comprehensive diabetes management with oral healthcare to prevent and mitigate periodontal complications.
An evaluation of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services at Munyang Kute Regional General Hospital Bengimiate, Nuriza; Hartopo, Haqi; Razoki, Razoki; Ginting, Astriani Natalia Br
Buletin Kedokteran & Kesehatan Prima Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Kedokteran Gigi, dan Ilmu Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34012/bkkp.v4i2.7173

Abstract

Patient satisfaction is a crucial indicator for assessing hospital service quality, in which pharmaceutical services play a vital role as a primary point of contact with patients. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the satisfaction level of outpatients with the pharmaceutical services at Munyang Kute Regional General Hospital. This research employed a descriptive quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 90 respondents were selected through a purposive sampling technique based on predetermined criteria. The research instrument was an adapted questionnaire designed to measure satisfaction across five dimensions of service quality: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The collected data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS software. The findings indicated that patients were generally satisfied with the pharmaceutical services they received. The highest level of satisfaction was observed in the responsiveness dimension, with a percentage of 69.72%. The other dimensions, in descending order, were tangibles (32.21%), empathy (27.19%), assurance (19.60%), and the lowest was the reliability dimension (16.00%). Overall, the patient perception of pharmaceutical services at Munyang Kute Regional General Hospital is positive. Nevertheless, there remains room for improvement, particularly in the reliability and assurance dimensions. Continuous quality improvement through enhanced patient education and optimization of facilities is highly recommended.

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