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Sciences of Pharmacy
Published by ETFLIN
ISSN : 28307046     EISSN : 28307259     DOI : https://doi.org/10.58920/sciphar
Core Subject : Health, Science, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Sciences of Pharmacy (SciPhar) is an international, peer-reviewed open-access journal of pharmacy. We offer a platform and place for researchers and intellectuals, especially the youth, to share their insights and works. Every year, we hold seminars/webinars under the ETFLIN Scientific Society to facilitate the exchange of information concerning pharmacist research progress. Publication on SciPhar is free of charge at any stage. Scope We are accepting articles related to drug development (preclinical and clinical drug development, drug delivery, and pharmaceutical formulation). Fundamental and clinical pharmacology (drug mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug metabolism, and pharmacogenetics). Pharmaceuticals (gene-based, cell-based, protein-based therapy, other drug modalities, routes of administration, drug classes, drug nomenclature). Drug toxicity and safety (drug-drug interactions, adverse drug reactions, mechanisms of drug toxicity, pharmacovigilance). Pharmacoepidemiology, pharmacoeconomics, and pharmacy.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 18 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Volume 4 Issue 4" : 18 Documents clear
Web-Based Pharmacoinformatics Platform for Generic Drug Information in Gorontalo, Indonesia Paneo, Mohamad Aprianto; Tuloli, Teti Sutriyati; Nakoe, Moh Rivai; Pakaya, Nikmasari; Thomas, Nurain; Anggai, Rifka Anggraini; Latif, Multiani S.
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404366

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a web-based drug information application in providing accessible and reliable drug-related information to the public in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. A prospective, non-randomized study was conducted with 205 participants from the Gorontalo community. Participants completed a structured questionnaire assessing their experience with the "Cari Obatmu" feature on the Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI) Gorontalo website. The questionnaire covered various aspects such as user interface, search efficiency, clarity of drug indications, side effects, and usability. Descriptive statistics, Cronbach's Alpha for reliability, One-Way ANOVA for demographic differences, and effect size analysis were used in data analysis. The findings indicated high user satisfaction, with mean scores ranging from 4.16 to 4.28 across different aspects assessed. A Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.975 confirmed excellent internal consistency of the data. The One-Way ANOVA analysis revealed no significant differences in satisfaction scores among demographic groups (p = 0.636), with effect sizes being minimal. The web-based drug information application was well-received, particularly for its functionality and ease of use. However, further improvements are necessary to enhance user experience and feature development. These findings highlight the potential to expand web-based drug information tools to improve public health outcomes in Indonesia, considering the diverse demographic and user needs.
Hair Growth and Antibacterial Effects of Nanoparticle-Based Cosmeceutical Tonic from Pogostemon cablin and Morus alba Leaves Dyavaprathivi, Made Anindya Ayu; Maisa, Yustrida; Sandhiutami, Ni Made Dwi
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404370

Abstract

Hair loss affects a substantial portion of the global population, regardless of age or gender. One effective strategy to address this problem is the use of hair tonics that stimulate hair follicle activity and promote hair growth. This study developed an innovative cosmeceutical nanoparticle-based hair tonic combining Nilam and Mulberry leaf extracts, termed nanoNilamBerry. The formulation was prepared using the ionic gelation method and evaluated on rabbits over 28 days by assessing hair length, growth rate, and hair weight. The nanoNilamBerry formulation fulfilled the physicochemical requirements of a nanoparticle system and demonstrated good stability at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 40 °C for up to 28 days. In antibacterial assays against Staphylococcus epidermidis, the Nilam–Mulberry extract produced an inhibition zone of 16.36 ± 0.35 mm, while nanoNilamBerry exhibited a larger zone of 18.4 ± 0.30 mm. The hair tonic formulation showed no signs of skin irritation. The nanoNilamBerry treatment resulted in a hair growth rate of 0.13 ± 0.03 cm/day and a final hair weight of 32.36 mg, compared to 0.09 ± 0.01 cm/day and 27.3 ± 0.31 mg for the simple Nilam–Mulberry extract. Overall, the nanoNilamBerry hair tonic demonstrated superior efficacy, promoting hair growth 3.04 times faster than the untreated control and 1.45 times faster than the non-nano extract combination. These findings indicate that nanoNilamBerry not only provides effective antibacterial protection but also significantly enhances hair follicle stimulation and growth performance.
Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Gynura procumbens Mitigates Hyperglycemia, Dyslipidemia, and Tissue Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Mulyani, Yani; Kaniawati, Marita; Aligita, Widhya; Nugraha, Eka Rahmat
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404371

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder frequently associated with diabetes mellitus and known to increase cardiovascular risk. Although Gynura procumbens has been reported to possess antidiabetic and antidyslipidemic properties, studies focusing on the specific effects of its ethyl acetate fraction remain limited. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract from G. procumbens in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, particularly its impact on blood glucose, lipid profiles, and histological changes in pancreatic and aortic tissues. Thirty rats were randomly assigned to six groups: normal control, diabetic control, glibenclamide, simvastatin, and extract-treated groups at 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight. After 28 days of treatment, the 150 mg/kg dose significantly reduced blood glucose by 61.3%, total cholesterol by 42.1%, triglycerides by 47.3%, and LDL by 55.0%, while increasing HDL by 6.3% compared to diabetic control (p < 0.05). Histological analysis demonstrated regeneration of pancreatic β-cells and improvement of vascular structure in the aorta. These findings suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction of G. procumbens may serve as a promising natural agent for managing diabetes and dyslipidemia.
Phytochemical Modulation of Neurotransmitter Systems and Neuroplasticity in Depression and Anxiety: A Mechanistic Review Rini, Tri Diana Puspita; Savinatunnajah, Savinatunnajah; Yustina, Eka Rosa; Ramadhany, Gisela Amaliah Putri; Shafara, Putri Aprillia; Rahma, Oliffia
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404332

Abstract

Depression and anxiety are among the most prevalent mental health disorders worldwide, contributing substantially to disability and mortality, particularly among young adults aged 15–24 years. Their pathophysiology is closely associated with dysregulation of key neurotransmitters, emphasizing the need for safer and more effective long-term therapeutic strategies. Herbal medicine represents a promising alternative due to its multifaceted bioactivity and lower incidence of adverse effects. This review systematically evaluates bioactive compounds from selected medicinal plants and their modulatory effects on neurotransmitter pathways involved in depression and anxiety. Relevant studies published within the past five years were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases, with inclusion criteria encompassing in vitro and in vivo investigations of phytochemical actions on neurotransmitter systems. The analysis revealed that plants such as Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), Mimosa pudica, Senna alexandrina, Helianthus annuus, Rosa spp., Laurus nobilis, Mentha piperita, Citrus reticulata, Centella asiatica, Chamaemelum nobile, and Ginkgo biloba exhibit significant antidepressant and anxiolytic properties through modulation of monoaminergic transmission, regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, and enhancement of neuroplasticity. These plants also demonstrate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities that further support their therapeutic potential. In conclusion, herbal-based interventions may serve as valuable complementary approaches for managing depression and anxiety. Nevertheless, well-designed clinical studies are essential to validate their efficacy, safety, and mechanisms in long-term use.
Notice of RETRACTION: Randomized Open Clinical Trial to Evaluate Netratarpana Efficacy in Elderly Patients with Primary Insomnia (Anidra) Kulkarni, Satyajit Pandurang; Chugule, Pritam; Kulkarni, Pallavi Satyajit
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404480

Abstract

This article has been retracted due to non-compliance with the journal’s Clinical Trial Registration Policy. The study reported a clinical trial that was not registered in a WHO-recognized public registry, as required by international standards (ICMJE, WHO, COPE). Although the author sought retrospective registration, no confirmation was provided within the required timeframe. The editors apologize for not identifying this issue before publication.
Formulation and Stability Evaluation of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Extract Gel Febrianti, Novi; Widyastuti, Lina; Saputri, Septiana; Irham, Lalu Muhammad
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404379

Abstract

Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is known for its strong antioxidant properties and potential anti-aging effects. To enhance its benefits and improve usability, this fruit extract was formulated into a gel preparation. This study aimed to determine the optimal proportions of Carbopol 940 and triethanolamine (TEA) to obtain a gel with desirable physical characteristics. The flesh of red dragon fruit was juiced and concentrated to produce an 8% extract. Three formulations were prepared with varying ratios of Carbopol 940 to TEA: 0.5%:0.3% (F1), 1.2%:0.7% (F2), and 2%:1.2% (F3). The gels were evaluated for physical properties, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial activity. The most promising formula was subjected to stability testing for three cycles under different temperature conditions: cold (3°C), room temperature (27°C), and climatic chamber (40°C, 75% RH). Results showed that formula F2 exhibited a characteristic red color, clear appearance, distinctive oleum rosae aroma, moderately thick and homogeneous consistency, viscosity of 3112.47 ± 177.90 cps, spreading diameter of 5.20 ± 0.20 cm, adhesion time of 18.45 ± 0.89 s, and pH of 5.33 ± 0.02. No significant changes were observed after the stability testing (p > 0.05), indicating that the formulation remained stable under all temperature conditions. F2 also showed higher antioxidant activity than F1 and better antibacterial properties than F3. Its stability and bioactivity support its potential as a promising natural cosmeceutical formulation.
The Effect of Poloxamer 188 on the Solubility and Dissolution Behaviors of Piroxicam-PEG 4000 Solid Dispersions Yugatama, Adi; Azizah, Anas Muti'ah Syahrul; Choiri, Syaiful; Huang, Ya-lin
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Piroxicam (PRX), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is classified as a biopharmaceutical classification system class II (high permeability and low solubility), which limits its bioavailability. Enhancement of the dissolution rate is a key strategy to enhance the absorption. Solid dispersion systems, particularly when combined with amphiphilic multiple co-block polymers, offer a promising approach to address this challenge. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Poloxamer 188 (P188) and the solid dispersion technique on the solubility and dissolution rate of PRX. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000-based solid dispersions containing PRX were prepared using varying concentrations of Poloxamer 188 surfactant through the fusion method. The solid dispersions were evaluated for saturated solubility in water for 24 hours. Selected formulations were further characterized using thermal analysis and vibrational spectroscopy. The optimized solid dispersion formulation was filled into capsules, and a dissolution assay was carried out to compare its performance with that of pure PRX capsules. The optimized formula, comprising 3% P188 and PEG4000, demonstrated a significant enhancement in saturation solubility parameters (p < 0.05), specifically the Cmax/S0 ratio. Additionally, dissolution testing showed a 22.22% increase in the dissolution rate of the PRX solid dispersion capsules compared to pure PRX capsules. In conclusion, P188-based solid dispersion containing PRX enhanced the solubility and dissolution rate, potentially improving therapeutic efficacy.
Self-Medication Practices among University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic Halim, Steven Victoria; Kumala, Stefany Marcellia; Sharifah, Fatichatus; Setiawan, Eko; Setiadi, Antonius Adji Prayitno
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Self-medication is a treatment effort often undertaken by students, especially when the burden on healthcare services increases due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Nevertheless, up to five years after the onset of the global pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, no empirical evidence has been found to elucidate the self-medication practice among students in Indonesia. This observational study with a cross-sectional design aimed to identify students' self-medication practices at a university during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research data was collected online using a questionnaire (Google Form). The questionnaire used consisted of two parts: student characteristics and student self-medication practices. A total of 1,019 students were involved in this study. The most used drugs for self-medication by students were vitamins/multivitamins (91.66%) and analgesics (64.57%). Most medicines used by students were obtained from pharmacies (88.71%), while information related to drugs was obtained from recommendations from friends and family members (72.72%). The primary consideration that prompted students to self-medicate during the COVID-19 era was the easy access to medicines (83.81%). Students' self-medication practices during a health service delivery crisis can be irrational. As this study was conducted within a single institution using a specific sampling approach, the findings should be regarded as context-specific rather than broadly generalizable.
Low Glycemic Index Taro Tuber (Colocasia esculenta L.) Flakes as Alternative Food Product for Diabetes Management Sultan, Asriana; Rinaldi, Rinaldi; Sulaiman, Sri Sulistiana; Aanisah, Nuur; Khumaidi, Akhmad; Bahar, Zulhaerana; Syamsidi, Armini
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Flakes are a type of instant food product commonly consumed as a breakfast alternative, especially those labelled “low-glycaemic index” can be suitable for individuals with diabetes. Taro tubers (Colocasia esculenta L.) containing high fibre and low fat are among the raw materials that can be processed into instant food. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and determine the glycaemic index (GI) of Taro tuber flakes as an alternative processed food product for individuals with diabetes. Three distinct formulas, namely F1, F2, and F3, were developed with varying drying temperatures of 40 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C. These were comprehensively evaluated through sensory testing (hedonic and scoring), followed by the analysis of moisture content, ash content, microbial examination, and glycaemic index. The results showed that all three developed formulas F1, F2, and F3 xhibited low glycaemic index values (below 55), along with acceptable moisture and ash content, and were free from Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi contamination. Among them, F2, which was dried at 60 °C, showed the lowest glycaemic index value of 15.1, indicating its potential to produce a minimal postprandial blood glucose response. Furthermore, F2 received an average hedonic score of 6, which indicates favorable sensory acceptance in terms of taste, color, texture, and aroma. Therefore, F2 was selected as the most suitable formula that can be consumed as an alternative food product to help manage diabetes through low-GI dietary strategies.
Differential Regulation of Slc40a1, Fth1, and Hmox1 by Deferasirox in Splenic Iron Overload Wibowo, Annisa Maharani; Kuntana, Yasmi Purnamasari; Arrizqiani, Tanendri; Safitri, Ratu
Sciences of Pharmacy Volume 4 Issue 4
Publisher : ETFLIN Publishing House

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/sciphar0404386

Abstract

Iron overload, often arising from repeated transfusions in thalassemia major, disrupts iron homeostasis and induces oxidative stress. Deferasirox is a widely used oral chelator, yet its effects on splenic iron-regulatory gene expression remain unclear. This study investigated the impact of deferasirox on ferritin heavy chain (Fth1), ferroportin (Slc40a1), and heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1) expression in a rat model of splenic iron overload. Eighteen male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 6 each): normal (N), iron dextran-induced overload without treatment (KN), and iron overload treated with deferasirox (KP). Gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR using the 2−ΔΔCT (Livak) method, with statistical analysis performed via one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Iron overload significantly upregulated Fth1 (2.26-fold) and Slc40a1 (1.72-fold) versus controls (p < 0.05). Deferasirox treatment reduced Fth1 (3.28-fold decrease) and Slc40a1 (1.15-fold reduction) relative to untreated overload, though not significantly (p > 0.05). In contrast, Hmox1 expression markedly increased (55.25-fold, p < 0.05) following deferasirox administration. These results indicate that deferasirox selectively modulates splenic iron-regulatory genes, suggesting both chelation and adaptive stress-response mechanisms, thereby supporting its therapeutic role in managing iron overload.

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