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Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal
Published by Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika
ISSN : 24425842     EISSN : 29629306     DOI : Prefix 10.33394
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Social,
Humanities Education Social Sciences Other
Jurnal Transformasi (JTNI) : Jurnal Pengembangan Pendidikan Non-Formal Informal is scientific journal published by Program StudI Pendidikan Luar Sekolah, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan dan Psikologi (FIPP) Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika (UNDIKMA). It has been published since 2016. JTNI contains scientific articles from research and critical review in Education, Teaching and Learning which include : Educational Non Formal Informal, Community Education.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 507 Documents
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Validasi Awal Indeks Kecerdasan Karakter Berbasis Lima Dimensi Pada Siswa dan Mahasiswa Aluh Hartati; Muhammad Faqih; Ahmad Muzanni
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18696

Abstract

Abstract: Character intelligence is proposed as an integrative construct that combines reflection, self-regulation, empathy, resilience, and prosocial harmony in educational contexts. Existing character-related instruments generally provide scale scores, whereas educators often need a more interpretable profile to identify relative strengths and areas for development. Objective: This study aimed to develop and conduct an initial psychometric validation of the Character Intelligence Index (Indeks Kecerdasan Karakter/IKK) for students and university students. Method: The study used a modified research and development approach with a quantitative cross-sectional field trial. The initial 30-item pool was reviewed by three experts and refined into a 25-item Likert instrument covering five dimensions: Character Reflection, Character Regulation, Character Empathy, Character Resilience, and Harmony Action. Data from 55 complete responses were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis with Principal Axis Factoring and Oblimin rotation, followed by internal consistency testing using Cronbach’s Alpha. IKK scores were calculated through min-max normalization and equal theoretical weighting across dimensions. Results: The data showed acceptable factorability for preliminary analysis (KMO = 0.876; Bartlett’s test p < 0.001). The five-factor exploratory solution explained 68.4% of the variance, with primary loadings ranging from 0.678 to 0.856. Four items showed moderate secondary loadings but were retained because their highest loadings remained consistent with the theoretical dimensions. Reliability was high for each dimension (α = 0.84-0.89) and for the overall scale (α = 0.93). The average IKK score was 64.7, placing the sample descriptively in the Competent category, with Empathy as the strongest dimension and Regulation as the lowest dimension. Conclusion: The IKK shows promising initial internal structure and reliability; however, due to the limited sample size and the absence of external validity evidence, the index should be regarded as a preliminary character-mapping prototype rather than a definitive diagnostic instrument. Further studies with larger and more diverse samples, confirmatory factor analysis, test-retest reliability, measurement invariance, and criterion validity testing are required. Abstrak: Kecerdasan karakter diajukan sebagai konstruk integratif yang memadukan refleksi, regulasi diri, empati, ketangguhan, dan aksi prososial-harmonis dalam konteks pendidikan. Instrumen karakter yang telah tersedia umumnya menghasilkan skor skala, sedangkan pendidik sering membutuhkan profil yang lebih interpretatif untuk mengenali kekuatan dan area pengembangan peserta didik. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan melakukan validasi psikometrik awal terhadap Indeks Kecerdasan Karakter (IKK) pada siswa dan mahasiswa. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan yang dimodifikasi dengan uji coba lapangan kuantitatif potong lintang. Kumpulan awal 30 butir ditelaah oleh tiga ahli dan disempurnakan menjadi instrumen Likert 25 butir yang mencakup lima dimensi: Refleksi Karakter, Regulasi Karakter, Empati Karakter, Ketangguhan Karakter, dan Aksi Harmoni. Data dari 55 respons lengkap dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Faktor Eksploratori dengan Principal Axis Factoring dan rotasi Oblimin, kemudian diuji konsistensi internalnya menggunakan Cronbach’s Alpha. Skor IKK dihitung melalui normalisasi min-maks dan pembobotan teoretis setara pada setiap dimensi. Hasil: Data menunjukkan kelayakan awal untuk analisis faktor (KMO = 0,876; Bartlett’s test p < 0,001). Solusi eksploratori lima faktor menjelaskan 68,4% varians, dengan loading utama berkisar 0,678 sampai 0,856. Empat butir menunjukkan secondary loading sedang, tetapi dipertahankan karena loading tertinggi tetap sesuai dengan dimensi teoretis. Reliabilitas setiap dimensi tergolong tinggi (α = 0,84-0,89) dan reliabilitas skala keseluruhan mencapai α = 0,93. Rata-rata IKK sebesar 64,7 sehingga secara deskriptif sampel berada pada kategori Kompeten, dengan Empati sebagai dimensi terkuat dan Regulasi sebagai dimensi terendah. Kesimpulan: IKK menunjukkan bukti awal yang menjanjikan dari segi struktur internal dan reliabilitas; namun, karena ukuran sampel terbatas dan belum ada bukti validitas eksternal, indeks ini perlu diposisikan sebagai prototipe pemetaan karakter awal, bukan instrumen diagnostik final. Penelitian lanjutan dengan sampel lebih besar dan beragam, analisis faktor konfirmatori, reliabilitas test-retest, measurement invariance, dan validitas kriteria masih diperlukan.
Kepemimpinan Characterpreneurship dalam Penguatan Kewirausahaan Pesantren: Studi Kasus di Pesantren Al Haramain dan Darul Hikmah, Lombok Barat M Chairul Anam; Baiq Sarlita Kartiani; Khairul Huda; M Faqih
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18700

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to analyze characterpreneurship leadership in strengthening pesantren-based entrepreneurship at Pesantren Al Haramain and Pesantren Darul Hikmah, West Lombok. Characterpreneurship is understood as a leadership practice that integrates character values, Islamic spirituality, and concrete entrepreneurial action through leader exemplarity. This study employed a qualitative approach using a collective case study design with an ethnographic orientation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, limited participatory observation, and document analysis related to pesantren business units. Data analysis involved data reduction, thematic coding, data display, cross-case synthesis, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal four main themes: perseverance, humility, responsibility, and fighting spirit form the foundation of leadership; value internalization occurs through leader exemplarity in productive activities; business units such as agribusiness, Mini Bank, Haramain Bakery, NH-Mart, handicrafts, and herbal production function as experiential entrepreneurship learning spaces; and these practices contribute to students’ independence, work discipline, and responsibility. The study confirms that pesantren entrepreneurship should not be understood merely as an economic activity but also as an experiential character education process. The findings imply the need to strengthen pesantren entrepreneurship curricula by integrating leader exemplarity, business practice, and Islamic value reflection. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kepemimpinan characterpreneurship dalam penguatan kewirausahaan pesantren di Pesantren Al Haramain dan Pesantren Darul Hikmah, Lombok Barat. Characterpreneurship dipahami sebagai praktik kepemimpinan yang mengintegrasikan nilai karakter, spiritualitas Islam, dan tindakan kewirausahaan konkret melalui keteladanan pimpinan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus kolektif dan orientasi etnografi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semiterstruktur, observasi partisipatif terbatas, dan analisis dokumen terkait unit usaha pesantren. Analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, pengodean tematik, penyajian data, sintesis lintas kasus, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat temuan utama: nilai ketekunan, kerendahan hati, tanggung jawab, dan semangat juang menjadi fondasi kepemimpinan; internalisasi nilai berlangsung melalui keteladanan pimpinan dalam aktivitas produktif; unit usaha seperti agrobisnis, Mini Bank, Haramain Bakery, NH-Mart, kerajinan, dan produksi herbal menjadi ruang belajar kewirausahaan; serta praktik tersebut berkontribusi pada pembentukan kemandirian, disiplin kerja, dan tanggung jawab santri. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa kewirausahaan pesantren tidak hanya dapat dipahami sebagai kegiatan ekonomi, tetapi juga sebagai proses pendidikan karakter berbasis pengalaman. Temuan ini berimplikasi pada perlunya penguatan kurikulum kewirausahaan pesantren yang menggabungkan keteladanan, praktik usaha, dan refleksi nilai Islam.
Pelaksanaan Pelatihan Kecakapan Hidup Pembuatan Manik - Manik Dan Bros Berbahan Kain Perca di PKBM Bina Lapaskas Center Ahmad Fauzi; Karmilah; Siti Subtianah; Rodiyatun Nufus; Eka Yogaswara
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18767

Abstract

Abstract: Correctional institutions not only serve as places for serving criminal sentences but also function as rehabilitation institutions that provide various programs to support the development of inmates' skills. One of these programs is life skills training organized by PKBM Bina Lapaskas Center at Class III Rangkasbitung Correctional Institution through beadwork and fabric scrap brooch-making training. This study aimed to describe the implementation of the life skills training program. The study employed a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. It was conducted on November 18, 2025, involving 25 participants from Package A, Package B, and Package C equivalency education programs. Research informants were selected using purposive sampling and consisted of three participants representing each educational level. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis techniques, and their trustworthiness was ensured through methodological triangulation. The findings showed that the training was implemented in three stages: material presentation, demonstration of production techniques, and hands-on practice under the guidance of the instructor. The material presentation helped participants understand the tools, materials, and production procedures, while the demonstration provided a clear illustration of the production process. Furthermore, the hands-on practice enabled participants to apply the skills they had learned directly under supervision. Abstrak: Lembaga Pemasyarakatan tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai tempat menjalankan pidana, tetapi juga sebagai sarana pembinaan bagi warga binaan melalui berbagai program yang mendukung pengembangan keterampilan. Salah satu bentuk pembinaan tersebut adalah pelatihan kecakapan hidup yang diselenggarakan oleh PKBM Bina Lapaskas Center Lapas Kelas III Rangkasbitung melalui pelatihan pembuatan manik-manik dan bros berbahan kain perca. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pelatihan kecakapan hidup tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada 18 November 2025 dengan melibatkan 25 peserta pelatihan yang berasal dari program pendidikan kesetaraan Paket A, Paket B, dan Paket C. Informan penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yang terdiri atas tiga peserta yang mewakili masing-masing jenjang pendidikan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur, dan dokumentasi, kemudian teknis analisis data serta diuji keabsahannya melalui triangulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan dilaksanakan melalui tiga tahapan, yaitu penyampaian materi, demonstrasi teknik pembuatan, dan praktik secara langsung dengan pendampingan instruktur. Penyampaian materi membantu peserta memahami alat, bahan, dan tahapan pembuatan produk, demonstrasi memberikan gambaran mengenai proses kerja, sedangkan praktik memberikan kesempatan kepada peserta untuk menerapkan keterampilan yang telah dipelajari.
Pemberdayaan Warga Binaan melalui Program Literasi Berbasis Buku Paket di PKBM Lapas Kelas III Rangkasbitung Destia Pratiwi; Jakiyah; Aprilia Nurri Damayanti; Ahmad Fauzi; Yosi Asri Bandrio
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18769

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of using textbooks to improve the literacy skills of inmates participating in the equivalency education program at the Community Learning Center (PKBM) of Class III Rangkasbitung Penitentiary. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews with 15 inmates across Package A, Package B, and Package C levels, classroom observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that the provision of structured textbooks since 2025 serves as an adaptive primary learning tool amidst strict restrictions on device and internet access within the correctional facility. The equal distribution of textbooks not only assists tutors in instructional delivery but also accelerates inmates' functional literacy skills, including reading fluency, understanding written instructions, and vocabulary enrichment. Furthermore, the utilization of textbooks fosters independent study habits in residential cells, enhances learning motivation, and restores self-confidence. Thus, the textbook-based literacy program proves effective as an instructional medium that empowers inmates academically and psycologically during their period of confinement. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan buku paket dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi warga binaan pemasyarakatan (WBP) yang mengikuti program pendidikan kesetaraan di Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Lapas Kelas III Rangkasbitung. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus, data dihimpun melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 15 warga binaan dari jenjang Paket A, Paket B, dan Paket C, observasi kegiatan kelas, serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengadaan buku paket terstruktur sejak tahun 2025 menjadi sarana belajar utama yang sangat adaptif di tengah pembatasan akses gawai dan internet di lingkungan lapas. Ketersediaan buku paket secara merata tidak hanya mempermudah tutor dalam menyampaikan materi, tetapi juga mengakselerasi kemampuan literasi fungsional warga binaan, seperti kelancaran membaca, pemahaman instruksi tertulis, dan pengayaan kosakata. Selain itu, penggunaan buku paket mampu menumbuhkan kebiasaan belajar mandiri di kamar hunian, meningkatkan motivasi, serta memulihkan rasa percaya diri warga binaan. Dengan demikian, program literasi berbasis buku paket terbukti efektif sebagai media pembelajaran yang memberdayakan warga binaan secara akademik dan psikososial selama menjalani masa penahanan.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Belangar dalam Pembentukan Sikap Sosial Siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri 1 Surabaya Utara Kecamatan Sakra Timur Evi Sakina; Burhanuddin; Zohrani; Yul Alfian Hadi
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18777

Abstract

Abstract: Character education in elementary schools requires culturally meaningful experiences so that social values are practiced rather than merely understood. This study aimed to describe the implementation of character education based on the local wisdom of belangar, identify the values internalized, analyze its contribution to students’ social attitudes, and examine supporting and inhibiting factors at SD Negeri 1 Surabaya Utara, East Lombok. A descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Participants comprised the principal, two fifth-grade teachers, 30 fifth-grade students, and five parents selected according to their involvement in the program. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, supporting questionnaires, and documentation. Analysis followed the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña through data collection, condensation, display, and conclusion drawing; credibility was strengthened through source, technique, and time triangulation. The findings show that belangar values were integrated through voluntary donations, visits to bereaved or ill community members, school cleaning, cooperative learning, contextual storytelling, and teacher modeling. These activities internalized mutual cooperation, empathy, responsibility, teamwork, respect, sincerity, discipline, and social care. Triangulated evidence indicated positive tendencies in students’ willingness to help peers, cooperate in groups, communicate politely, respect others, and care for their environment. Implementation was strengthened by school leadership and family-community participation, but constrained by the occasional nature of belangar events, limited time and facilities, and uneven student understanding. The study demonstrates that pedagogically adapting local solidarity practices can contextualize character education, although the findings do not establish causal effectiveness. Abstrak: Pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar memerlukan pengalaman yang bermakna secara budaya agar nilai sosial dipraktikkan, bukan sekadar dipahami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan implementasi pendidikan karakter berbasis kearifan lokal belangar, mengidentifikasi nilai yang diinternalisasikan, menganalisis kontribusinya terhadap sikap sosial siswa, serta mengkaji faktor pendukung dan penghambat di SD Negeri 1 Surabaya Utara, Lombok Timur. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain studi kasus. Partisipan terdiri atas kepala sekolah, dua guru kelas V, 30 siswa kelas V, dan lima wali murid yang dipilih berdasarkan keterlibatan dalam program. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur, angket pendukung, dan dokumentasi. Analisis mengacu pada model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña melalui pengumpulan, kondensasi, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan; kredibilitas diperkuat melalui triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan waktu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai belangar diintegrasikan melalui sumbangan sukarela, kunjungan kepada keluarga yang berduka atau anggota komunitas yang sakit, kerja bakti, pembelajaran kooperatif, cerita kontekstual, dan keteladanan guru. Kegiatan tersebut menginternalisasikan gotong royong, empati, tanggung jawab, kerja sama, saling menghargai, keikhlasan, disiplin, dan kepedulian sosial. Bukti yang ditriangulasi menunjukkan kecenderungan positif pada kesediaan siswa membantu teman, bekerja sama dalam kelompok, berkomunikasi santun, menghargai orang lain, dan peduli terhadap lingkungan. Pelaksanaan diperkuat oleh kepemimpinan sekolah serta partisipasi keluarga dan masyarakat, tetapi dibatasi oleh kegiatan belangar yang tidak rutin, keterbatasan waktu dan sarana, serta pemahaman siswa yang belum merata. Adaptasi pedagogis praktik solidaritas lokal dapat mengontekstualkan pendidikan karakter, meskipun temuan tidak membuktikan efektivitas kausal.
Peran Program Kesetaraan dalam Meningkatkan Akses Pendidikan Masyarakat di PKBM Satria Karangbawang Isnaeni Putri Wulandari; Lyra Nabila Putri; Layla Mardliyah
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18863

Abstract

Abstract: This qualitative study aims to analyze the implementation and effectiveness of the Equivalence Program (Packages A, B, and C) at PKBM Satria Karangbawang, Banyumas. This program functions as a crucial alternative education solution for citizens who cannot access formal education, including workers, out-of-school youth, and vulnerable groups. Using a descriptive case study method with data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation, the results indicate that the PKBM successfully delivers the program effectively through an inclusive and adaptive learning model. The program's success is underpinned by a flexible learning system based on andragogy, which adjusts schedules to suit adult learners. Despite facing significant challenges such as limited funding, simple infrastructure (like rented buildings), and a minimal number of tutors, the institution manages to sustain itself through efficient management, double-duty staffing, and pedagogical creativity. This finding concludes that internal commitment and management innovation are the dominant factors in the success of non-formal education, outweighing structural limitations. The program's impact is substantial, enhancing job qualifications, fostering self-confidence, and supporting educational equity in the Banyumas region. Abstrak: Studi kualitatif ini bertujuan menganalisis pelaksanaan dan efektivitas Program Kesetaraan (Paket A, B, dan C) di PKBM Satria Karangbawang, Banyumas. Program ini berfungsi sebagai solusi pendidikan alternatif yang krusial bagi warga yang tidak terjangkau pendidikan formal, termasuk pekerja, remaja putus sekolah, dan kelompok rentan. Menggunakan metode studi kasus deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa PKBM berhasil menyelenggarakan program secara efektif melalui model pembelajaran yang inklusif dan adaptif. Keberhasilan program ditopang oleh sistem pembelajaran fleksibel berbasis andragogi, yang menyesuaikan jadwal dengan peserta didik dewasa. Meskipun menghadapi tantangan signifikan seperti keterbatasan pendanaan, sarana prasarana sederhana (seperti bangunan sewaan), dan minimnya jumlah tutor, lembaga ini mampu bertahan melalui manajemen yang efisien, sistem kerja rangkap, dan kreativitas pedagogis. Temuan ini menyimpulkan bahwa komitmen internal dan inovasi manajemen menjadi faktor dominan dalam keberhasilan pendidikan nonformal, melampaui keterbatasan struktural. Dampak program ini substansial, meningkatkan kualifikasi kerja, menumbuhkan kepercayaan diri, dan mendukung pemerataan pendidikan di Banyumas.
Representasi Digital Pendidikan sebagai Ruang Pembebasan: Sanggar Anak Alam dalam Perspektif Deschooling Society Ivan Illich Labibah Sayaka Ilma; Ali Mudlorif
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18888

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines how Sanggar Anak Alam (SALAM), Yogyakarta, is represented in social media as an alternative learning community and interprets those representations through Ivan Illich’s concept of a deschooling society. A qualitative content analysis was conducted on 11 purposively selected public digital content units from the official Instagram accounts @salam_jogja and @kelasminatsalam and from three external content creators on Instagram and YouTube. The unit of analysis comprised each post, reel, or video together with its visual elements, caption or spoken narrative, and available metadata. Data were analyzed through familiarization, open coding, thematic grouping, and deductive mapping to four Illichian concepts: critique of curricular fragmentation, critique of hierarchical pedagogical authority, learning webs, and critique of credential-centered schooling. The digital corpus represents SALAM as emphasizing experience-based learning, facilitator–learner relations, community and everyday-life learning, and interest-based activities across age groups. External creator content similarly frames SALAM as a humanistic and contextual learning space. These findings indicate representational alignment, rather than empirical proof of institutional practice, between the social-media portrayal of SALAM and selected Illichian principles. Because the study relies on curated secondary digital data and does not include direct observation or participant interviews, its conclusions are limited to how SALAM is publicly represented. Field-based triangulation is therefore needed to assess how consistently these representations correspond to everyday educational practice. Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana Sanggar Anak Alam (SALAM), Yogyakarta, direpresentasikan di media sosial sebagai komunitas belajar alternatif dan menafsirkan representasi tersebut melalui gagasan Deschooling Society Ivan Illich. Penelitian menggunakan analisis konten kualitatif terhadap 11 unit konten digital publik yang dipilih secara purposif dari akun Instagram resmi @salam_jogja dan @kelasminatsalam serta tiga konten kreator eksternal di Instagram dan YouTube. Unit analisis berupa satu unggahan, reels, atau video beserta unsur visual, caption atau narasi lisan, dan metadata yang tersedia. Analisis dilakukan melalui familiarisasi data, open coding, pengelompokan tema, dan pemetaan deduktif terhadap empat konsep Illich: kritik atas fragmentasi kurikulum, kritik terhadap otoritas pedagogis hierarkis, learning webs, dan kritik terhadap pendidikan yang berpusat pada sertifikasi. Korpus digital merepresentasikan SALAM sebagai ruang belajar yang menekankan pengalaman nyata, relasi fasilitator–peserta didik, pembelajaran berbasis komunitas dan kehidupan sehari-hari, serta kelas minat lintas usia. Konten kreator eksternal juga membingkai SALAM sebagai ruang belajar yang humanis dan kontekstual. Temuan ini menunjukkan adanya kesesuaian representasional—bukan pembuktian langsung atas praktik institusional—antara citra SALAM di media sosial dan sejumlah prinsip Illich. Karena penelitian hanya menggunakan data digital sekunder yang telah dikurasi dan tidak melibatkan observasi maupun wawancara lapangan, temuan dibatasi pada representasi publik SALAM. Triangulasi berbasis lapangan diperlukan untuk menilai konsistensi antara representasi tersebut dan praktik pendidikan sehari-hari.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Simbolik Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun melalui Media Kincir Simbolik di TK Bunga Bhakti Jakarta Salwa Nur Amalia Putri; Feronica Eka Putri; Nancy Riana
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18910

Abstract

Abstract: This classroom action research aimed to describe the learning process and the improvement of symbolic thinking ability among children aged 5–6 years at Bunga Bhakti Kindergarten, Jakarta, through the use of Kincir Simbolik media. The study was motivated by the low achievement of children in recognizing number and letter symbols, using numbers for counting, distinguishing vowels and consonants, and representing objects through drawings or written symbols. The novelty of this study lies in the use of a concrete rotating windmill medium that integrates numbers, letters, pictures, and simple mathematical operations in one play-based learning activity. The subjects were 15 children in Group B. The research followed the Kemmis and McTaggart model consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection, implemented in two cycles: six meetings in Cycle I and four meetings in Cycle II. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and an 18-item performance-based rubric. The instrument was valid, with item-total correlation values ranging from 0.624 to 0.913, and reliable, with Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.959. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed through data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed an increase in symbolic thinking ability from 41.11% in the pre-action stage to 51.30% in Cycle I and 78.59% in Cycle II. These findings indicate that Kincir Simbolik media can support teachers in providing active, concrete, and meaningful symbolic learning experiences in early childhood classrooms. Abstrak: Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran dan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir simbolik anak usia 5–6 tahun di TK Bunga Bhakti Jakarta melalui penggunaan media Kincir Simbolik. Penelitian dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan anak dalam mengenal simbol angka dan huruf, menggunakan angka untuk berhitung, membedakan huruf vokal dan konsonan, serta merepresentasikan objek melalui gambar atau tulisan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penggunaan media kincir konkret yang mengintegrasikan angka, huruf, gambar, dan operasi hitung sederhana dalam satu aktivitas bermain. Subjek penelitian adalah 15 anak kelompok B. Penelitian menggunakan model Kemmis dan McTaggart yang terdiri atas perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi, serta dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, yaitu siklus I sebanyak enam pertemuan dan siklus II sebanyak empat pertemuan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan rubrik penilaian performa berbasis aktivitas yang terdiri atas 18 butir. Instrumen dinyatakan valid dengan nilai korelasi butir 0,624–0,913 dan reliabel dengan Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,959. Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif, sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir simbolik dari 41,11% pada pra-tindakan menjadi 51,30% pada siklus I dan 78,59% pada siklus II. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa media Kincir Simbolik dapat membantu guru menghadirkan pembelajaran simbolik yang aktif, konkret, dan bermakna bagi anak usia dini.
Upaya Meningkatkan Keterampilan Sosial Melalui Kegiatan Outbound pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun di TK Teruna Ria Karawang Bunga Shafira Azzahra; Ine Nirmala; Feronica Eka Putri
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18911

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to improve the social skills of 4-5 year-old children through outbound fun games activities at TK Teruna Ria Karawang. The background of this research is the low social skills of group A children, particularly in aspects of group cooperation, interaction and communication, sharing and helping each other, as well as empathy. This study uses the Classroom Action Research method with the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which consists of the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects consisted of 21 children, comprising 12 girls and 9 boys. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while the research instrument used social skills observation sheets that had undergone validity and reliability tests. Data analysis was conducted quantitatively through the percentage of social skill achievements and qualitatively through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show an increase in children's social skills from 38% in the pre-cycle, rising to 50% in Cycle I, and reaching 79% in Cycle II. In Cycle II, the indicators for teamwork in groups reached 84%, interaction and communication 76%, sharing and helping each other 80%, and empathy 79%. These findings indicate that outbound fun games activities are effectively used as an enjoyable, collaborative, and meaningful learning strategy to improve the social skills of early childhood children. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak usia 4-5 tahun melalui kegiatan outbound fun games di TK Teruna Ria Karawang. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah rendahnya keterampilan sosial anak kelompok A, terutama pada aspek kerja sama dalam kelompok, interaksi dan komunikasi, berbagi dan saling membantu, serta empati. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan model Kemmis dan McTaggart yang terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 21 anak, terdiri atas 12 anak perempuan dan 9 anak laki-laki. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi keterampilan sosial yang telah melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif melalui persentase capaian keterampilan sosial dan secara kualitatif melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keterampilan sosial anak dari pra-siklus sebesar 38%, meningkat menjadi 50% pada siklus I, dan mencapai 79% pada siklus II. Pada siklus II, indikator kerja sama dalam kelompok mencapai 84%, interaksi dan komunikasi 76%, berbagi dan saling membantu 80%, serta empati 79%. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan outbound fun games efektif digunakan sebagai strategi pembelajaran yang menyenangkan, kolaboratif, dan bermakna untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak usia dini.
Hubungan Pelatihan Berbasis Kompetensi dengan Kesiapan Kerja Peserta Pelatihan di Balai Latihan Kerja Marpoyan Damai Marisa; Azhar; Dafetta Fitrilinda
Transformasi : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Non Formal Informal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jtni.v12i2.18996

Abstract

Abstract: Competency-based training is expected to align participants’ knowledge, practical skills, and professional attitudes with occupational standards; however, evidence concerning its association with work readiness among participants in Indonesian public job-training centers remains limited. This study aimed to describe the perceived level of competency-based training and participants’ work readiness and to examine the relationship between the two constructs at the Marpoyan Damai Job Training Center, Pekanbaru. A quantitative, non-experimental ex-post facto correlational design was used. The population comprised 128 training participants, of whom 97 were included in the analysis. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and two Likert-type questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality tests, a deviation-from-linearity test, Pearson’s product–moment correlation, and the coefficient of determination were applied. Competency-based training had a mean score of 3.30 (moderate), whereas work readiness had a mean score of 3.84 (moderately high). Both variables met the normality assumption (p = .200 and p = .134), and their relationship was linear (p = .220). A positive, statistically significant relationship was found (r = .545, 95% CI [.388, .671], p < .001), with R² = .297. Thus, better perceived implementation of competency-based training was associated with higher work readiness, while 70.3% of the variance was related to other factors. Because the design was observational and based on self-reports, the findings should not be interpreted as causal. Abstrak: Pelatihan berbasis kompetensi diharapkan menyelaraskan pengetahuan, keterampilan praktis, dan sikap profesional peserta dengan standar pekerjaan, tetapi bukti mengenai hubungannya dengan kesiapan kerja peserta pada lembaga pelatihan kerja publik di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tingkat persepsi terhadap pelaksanaan pelatihan berbasis kompetensi dan kesiapan kerja peserta, serta menguji hubungan kedua konstruk tersebut di Balai Latihan Kerja Marpoyan Damai, Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain non-eksperimental ex-post facto korelasional. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 128 peserta pelatihan dan 97 peserta digunakan dalam analisis. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan dua kuesioner berskala Likert. Analisis meliputi statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas Kolmogorov–Smirnov, uji deviasi dari linearitas, korelasi product–moment Pearson, dan koefisien determinasi. Pelatihan berbasis kompetensi memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,30 (sedang), sedangkan kesiapan kerja memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,84 (cukup tinggi). Kedua variabel memenuhi asumsi normalitas (p = 0,200 dan p = 0,134), dan hubungan keduanya linear (p = 0,220). Ditemukan hubungan positif dan signifikan secara statistik (r = 0,545; IK 95% [0,388; 0,671]; p < 0,001) dengan R² = 0,297. Dengan demikian, persepsi yang lebih baik terhadap pelaksanaan pelatihan berbasis kompetensi berkaitan dengan kesiapan kerja yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan 70,3% variansi kesiapan kerja berkaitan dengan faktor lain. Karena penelitian bersifat observasional dan menggunakan laporan diri, temuan tidak dapat ditafsirkan sebagai bukti hubungan kausal.

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