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Jurnal Polimesin
Published by Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe
ISSN : 16935462     EISSN : 25491199     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Polimesin mostly publishes studies in the core areas of mechanical engineering, such as energy conversion, machine and mechanism design, and manufacturing technology. As science and technology develop rapidly in combination with other disciplines such as electrical, Polimesin also adapts to new facts by accepting manuscripts in mechatronics. In Biomechanics, Mechanical study in musculoskeletal and bio-tissue has been widely recognized to help better life quality for disabled people and physical rehabilitation work. Such a wide range of Polimesin could be published, but it still has criteria to apply mechanical systems and principles. Exceeding the limitation has been a common reason for rejection by those outside the scope. Using chemical principles more than mechanical ones in material engineering has been a common reason for rejection after submission. Excessive exploration of the management within the discipline of Industrial Engineering in the manufacturing technology scope is also unacceptable. The sub-scope biomechanics that focuses on ergonomics and does not study movement involving applied force on the bio-tissue is also not suitable for submission.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 582 Documents
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Optimisation of biolubricant synthesis from castor–maggot oil mixture via two-stage transesterification using response surface methodology Mukhriza, Teuku; Hasibuan, Adelia Yesya Putri; Juwita, Erna; Husin, Husni; Silitonga, Arridina Susan
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i1.8376

Abstract

This study investigates the optimisation and characterisation of a biolubricant produced from a castor–maggot oil mixture via two-stage transesterification. Response surface methodology using a Box–Behnken design was employed to optimise the oil volume ratio, catalyst concentration, and reaction time. The optimum conditions were a castor oil–maggot oil ratio of 50% (v/v), a catalyst concentration of 1% (w/w), and a reaction time of 2 h, resulting in a biolubricant yield of 71.43%. Ethylene vinyl acetate and ethyl-cellulose were added to enhance stability and performance. The biolubricant exhibited a viscosity index of 101.88, kinematic viscosity at 40°C of 54.57 cSt, and a flash point of 235°C, complying with ISO VG 68 and SNI 7069.9:2016 standards. These performance characteristics demonstrate favourable viscosity–temperature behaviour, adequate thermal safety, and suitability for industrial lubrication systems. The integration of mixed vegetable–insect oil feedstocks with Response Surface Methodology (RSM)–Box–Behnken optimisation, together with the incorporation of performance-enhancing additives, resulted in a biodegradable, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly biolubricant that meets standard requirements and shows strong potential as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based lubricants for mechanical applications.
Optimization of power and efficiency of a vortex water turbine through blade–outlet distance and transmission ratio analysis Asagi, Florensius Kitaro; Wijayanto, Danar Susilo; Saputra, Taufik Wisnu
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i1.7933

Abstract

As fossil fuel resources decline, vortex water turbines offer a promising renewable energy alternative by utilizing river flow. This experimental research aims to analyze the effect of blade distance from the outlet and transmission ratio on the electrical power and efficiency produced by vortex water turbines as a renewable energy solution. Three variations of blade distance from the outlet (20 mm, 40 mm, and 60 mm) and three variations of transmission ratio (1:3, 1:4, and 1:5) were tested under seven water flow rate variations of 27.8 l/min, 33.68 l/min, 34.11 l/min, 34.54 l/min, 34.97 l/min, 35.4 l/min, and 35.83 l/min. Data were collected for 5 minutes, with a 10-second interval for each parameter. Test results show that the highest electrical power of 4.88 watts was achieved at a blade distance of 20 mm from the outlet, a transmission ratio of 1:5, and a water flow rate of 35.83 l/min. Meanwhile, the highest turbine efficiency of 11.25% was obtained at a blade distance of 20 mm from the outlet, a transmission ratio of 1:3, and a water flow rate of 35.83 l/min. Increasing blade–outlet distance reduced both power and efficiency, while higher transmission ratios increased power but decreased efficiency due to torque–speed trade-offs. These results confirm that the distance between the blade and the outlet, and the transmission ratio, are critical parameters for optimizing performance of vortex turbines. A blade distance closer to the outlet provides the best performance and a larger transmission ratio will also improve performance, although transmission loading must also be considered.
Design and performance test of a water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and coconut shell charcoal briquette mixing machine Rohmat, Yusup Nur; Kusmayadi, Adi; Sugara, Ferry; Apriansyah, Riza; Agustin, Neli
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i1.7712

Abstract

Dependence on fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas gives rise to various problems, including rising energy prices, limited supply, and environmental impacts in the form of high carbon emissions. Therefore, efforts are needed to develop alternative energy sources based on local raw materials such as biomass briquettes which can be made from various organic waste, such as water hyacinth and coconut shells. The objectives of this research focus on the design, manufacture, and performance testing of briquette mixing and molding machines, as well as analysis of the quality of briquettes produced from a mixture of coconut shell charcoal and water hyacinth with the addition of paraffin wax as an adhesive. The machine was designed using dimensions of 1000×500×500 mm, equipped with a spiral mixer supported by an S45C steel shaft. This research presented a method of making briquettes with various compositions of water hyacinth and a mixture of coconut shell charcoal and paraffin wax as adhesives, and tested for calorific value, ash content, and combustion rate. The best results were obtained from a mixture of 70% coconut shell charcoal, 30% water hyacinth, and 5% paraffin wax, with a calorific value of 6.285 cal/g, an ash content of 2%, and a stable combustion rate of 0.12–0.16 g/min. The addition of paraffin wax has been shown to improve combustion stability and energy efficiency. The research results show that the designed mixer and briquette press machine function effectively, and briquettes made from biomass waste with natural adhesives have great potential as an environmentally friendly and economical alternative fuel.
Production monitoring system using SCADA-IIOT for improving efficiency and productivity on stamping machines Maulana, Gun Gun; Mulia, Sandy Bhawana; Purnomo, wahyudi; Supriyanto, Hadi
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8713

Abstract

The manufacturing industry plays a crucial role in the global economy, requiring continuous improvements in efficiency and productivity. Digital transformation through Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems has enabled better monitoring and control of production processes. However, recent industrial challenges demand more advanced solutions, particularly through the integration of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technologies. This research proposes a web-based SCADA–IIoT production monitoring system for stamping machines that supports real-time machine monitoring, reliable communication, and automated abnormal event notifications. The system architecture integrates sensors for monitoring critical production parameters, SCADA software for visualization and control, and a web-based interface for remote monitoring. System security and communication reliability are ensured through appropriate protocol implementation. A case study conducted in a manufacturing environment evaluates the performance of the proposed system. Experimental results show that the system achieves a data integrity level of 98.99% during monitoring operations. The system is also capable of storing machine condition history and operational activities with a storage capacity of 604,800 data points and an average storage delay of 45.50 ms. Additionally, an error notification feature integrated with the Telegram messaging platform provides automated alerts with an average message latency of 445.99 ms. The proposed system demonstrates the potential of SCADA–IIoT integration to enhance production monitoring, improve decision-making accuracy, and increase operational efficiency in manufacturing environments.
Design and implementation of a state feedback controller for enhanced speed stability of permanent magnet DC motors under load variations Syukri, Mahdi; Lubis, Rakhmad Syafutra; Melinda, Melinda; Syukur, Muhammad Hakkan; Hasanuddin, Iskandar; Irwanto, Muhammad
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8379

Abstract

This study presents the design and simulation of a State Feedback Controller (SFC) for speed regulation of a Permanent-Magnet DC (PMDC) motor using a state-space modeling approach. The objective is to achieve stable and accurate speed control under dynamic load disturbances that typically degrade the performance of conventional open-loop systems. The Direct Current (DC) motor is modeled in state-space form, with armature current and angular speed selected as the main system states. Controller gains are designed using the pole placement method to ensure fast response and improved stability. The proposed SFC is evaluated through MATLAB®/Simulink® simulations by examining motor speed, armature current, and input voltage responses under step-load variations. Simulation results show that the SFC maintains the motor speed at the reference value of 3,430 rpm even during sudden load increases, whereas the uncontrolled motor experiences significant speed drops and oscillations. Performance analysis confirms notable improvements in transient response. The rise time is reduced from 1.1864 s to 0.4220 s, and the settling time decreases from 2.1132 s to 0.7517 s, indicating faster and more stable system behavior. In addition, smoother current transitions and more efficient voltage regulation are achieved compared to the open-loop configuration. Overall, the results demonstrate that state-space control using pole placement provides a robust and responsive alternative to conventional PID controllers for DC motor speed control under load disturbances. Future work will focus on experimental validation and the exploration of advanced control strategies such as Linear Quadratic Regulation and adaptive control.
Performance and efficiency analysis of a 1600 Wp PV system: investigation of thermal, system configuration, and exergy aspects Suwarti, Suwarti; Herlambang, Yusuf Dewantoro; Sumarno, F. Gatot; Margana, Margana; Hermawan, Baktiyar Mei; Al Rasyid, Zya Jamaluddin; Pradana, Wisnu Dyka; Muztaba, Robiatul
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.7808

Abstract

A hybrid photovoltaic system with a total installed capacity of 1.6 kWp, composed of monocrystalline and polycrystalline modules, was experimentally evaluated under tropical conditions. The energy storage system employs a 72V bank comprising lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries. Hourly experimental measurements were conducted, and exergy analysis based on the Second Law of Thermodynamics was applied to quantify irreversible losses. It is revealed that the system’s energy efficiency ranges from 3.33% to 8.67%. The peak efficiency occurred in the afternoon, coinciding with lower panel temperatures and greater direct power delivery. Quantitative exergy analysis further identified a maximum exergy destruction of 8486.88 W at the irradiance peak, with the lowest exergetic efficiency dropping to 3.61% due to thermal irreversibilities. Additionally, operational monitoring revealed a critical synchronization failure between the lithium Battery Management System (BMS) and the Solar Charge Controller (SCC) during low-voltage states, necessitating manual intervention for recovery. These findings highlight that thermal management and component synchronization are the primary bottlenecks for system reliability in tropical environments.
Effects of depth of cut and feed rate on dimensional accuracy and surface roughness in CNC nesting of HMR panels Purwanto, Agung Ari; Amarta, Zain; Rahmat, Bahtiar; Widiyanto, Wahyu; Fahrudin, Muhammad
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8800

Abstract

The rapid adoption of digital manufacturing and smart CNC machining in furniture production has made the optimization of machining parameters for engineered wood panels increasingly important. High Moisture Resistance (HMR) panels are widely used because of their superior moisture resistance compared with Medium Density Fiber board (MDF). However, studies on CNC machining performance of HMR panels remain limited, particularly regarding dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. This study evaluates the effects of depth of cut and feed rate in CNC nesting on dimensional accuracy and surface quality of HMR panels. Four machining combinations were tested using depths of cut of 2 and 4 mm and feed rates of 33 and 66 mm/s, with three replications for each treatment. Specimen dimensions and average surface roughness (Ra) were measured after machining. The results show that depth of cut significantly affected dimensional accuracy, while feed rate significantly influenced surface roughness. The interaction between depth of cut and feed rate was not significant for specimen length, but was significant for specimen width and roughness. Optimal dimensional accuracy and surface quality were achieved using the lowest depth of cut (2 mm) in conjunction with the lowest feed rate (33 mm/s).
Experimental optimization of voltage stability and power output in PMDC micro-hydropower systems using a buck–boost converter Firdiansyah, Firdiansyah; Indrayani, Indrayani; Rusdianasari, Rusdianasari
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8747

Abstract

Low-head micro-hydropower systems often experience voltage instability due to fluctuating water flow and low turbine rotational speeds, limiting their ability to supply reliable power to standalone electrical loads. This study aims to experimentally optimize the output performance of a permanent magnet DC (PMDC) generator integrated with a buck–boost DC-DC converter in a low-head micro-hydropower system for improved voltage regulation, power output, and system efficiency. Experiments were performed by varying the generator rotational speed from 29.83 to 144.80 RPM with a 30 W LED load, while the converter maintained a constant 14.6 V set-point. Measured parameters included generator input voltage, input current, regulated output voltage, load current, electrical power, and system efficiency. The experimental results show that the system can operate at an ultra-low input voltage of 3.61 V at 29.83 RPM. The optimal operating condition was achieved at 63.78 RPM, where the system reached a maximum efficiency of 74.7% and an output power of 27.7 W. The converter maintained a stable output voltage close to the required load voltage, within the rotational speed range of 68.20-132.40 RPM. These results demonstrate that integrating a PMDC generator with a buck-boost converter improves voltage stability and expands the usable operating range of low-head micro-hydropower systems, making the proposed configuration suitable for off-grid and rural electrification applications.
Optimization of hybrid carbon–bamboo composite struc-ture based on flexural test and finite element simulation for UAV wing spar Rizki, Muhammad Nuzan; Asnawi, Asnawi; Kamar, Iqbal; Ibrahim, Maulana Agil
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8343

Abstract

The structural performance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) wing spars demands a balance between high strength and adequate stiffness. This study investigates the optimal configuration of bamboo–carbon fiber hybrid composites and evaluates the suitability of different spar cross-section geometries through experimental flexural testing, Taguchi-based statistical optimization, and Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation. Nine composite variations were fabricated and tested in accordance with ASTM D7264, employing three control factors: volume fraction, fiber ratio, and stacking sequence. The experimental results indicated that variation V7 (60% total fiber volume, 40:60 bamboo–carbon ratio, CBC stacking sequence) demonstrates the highest mechanical performance, achieving a flexural strength of 288.5 MPa and a flexural modulus of 31.8 GPa, which was further supported by the highest Signal-to-Noise (S/N) ratios for both responses. The optimum material configuration was subsequently applied to FEM simulations of three spar cross-sectional geometries. The results revealed that the hollow circular profile exhibited a limited safety margin (SF = 1.09), whereas the W-shaped and hollow-square profiles achieved higher safety factors of 2.15 and 2.18, respectively. Among the evaluated designs, the hollow-square spar provides the most favorable structural response, characterized by lower maximum stress, reduced deflection, and the highest safety margin.
Bio-hybrid carbon fibre/OPFF epoxy composites: mechanical, interfacial, and thermal performance Randis, Randis; Hermansyah, Hadi; Syahruddin, Syahruddin; Achmad, Karmila; Yusrina, Yasmin Zulfati; Samosir, Devina Sanchia; Wibowo, Edi; Raharjo, Rudianto
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8587

Abstract

The development of sustainable lightweight composites with reliable structural integrity is important for transportation and construction applications. This study investigates a bio-hybrid sandwich composite comprising carbon fibre skins and Oil Palm Frond Fibre (OPFF) as a natural porous core, with emphasis on improving interfacial integrity through chemical modification. The primary objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of sequential NaOH and H₂O₂ treatment in enhancing mechanical performance, interfacial bonding, and thermal stability of the composite system. Hybrid composites were fabricated using an epoxy matrix, combining carbon fibre reinforcements with untreated and chemically treated OPFF cores in various fibre configurations. Mechanical properties were assessed under tensile, flexural, and impact loading, while interfacial morphology and thermal behaviour were examined using microscopy and thermal analysis. The results demonstrate that NaOH + H₂O₂ treatment improves composite performance, with treated unidirectional hybrids exhibiting the highest tensile and flexural strengths. Microscopic observations reveal a substantial reduction in fibre pull-out, debonding, and skin–core delamination, indicating enhanced interfacial integrity and more efficient load transfer. In addition, treated composites show improved thermal stability. The novelty of this work lies in demonstrating that chemically treated OPFF can function as a sustainable sandwich core, where improved interfacial bonding plays a decisive role in suppressing delamination and enhancing overall composite performance.

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