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Jurnal Polimesin
Published by Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe
ISSN : 16935462     EISSN : 25491199     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Polimesin mostly publishes studies in the core areas of mechanical engineering, such as energy conversion, machine and mechanism design, and manufacturing technology. As science and technology develop rapidly in combination with other disciplines such as electrical, Polimesin also adapts to new facts by accepting manuscripts in mechatronics. In Biomechanics, Mechanical study in musculoskeletal and bio-tissue has been widely recognized to help better life quality for disabled people and physical rehabilitation work. Such a wide range of Polimesin could be published, but it still has criteria to apply mechanical systems and principles. Exceeding the limitation has been a common reason for rejection by those outside the scope. Using chemical principles more than mechanical ones in material engineering has been a common reason for rejection after submission. Excessive exploration of the management within the discipline of Industrial Engineering in the manufacturing technology scope is also unacceptable. The sub-scope biomechanics that focuses on ergonomics and does not study movement involving applied force on the bio-tissue is also not suitable for submission.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 582 Documents
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Analysis of the mechanical strength of composite materials reinforced with coconut fiber and recycled paper Kastiawan, I Made; Nurpriyanti, Indah; Nafi, Maula; Mastuki, Mastuki; Purnama Aji, Maulana Aditya Wahyu; Nugroho, Dimas Pribadi
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8320

Abstract

Waste materials that accumulate in the environment can cause serious ecological problems. Paper waste and coconut fibres are abundant materials, and improper management of these may lead to environmental degradation. Therefore, converting waste into value-added products represents an important sustainable approach. This study explores the development of a sustainable biocomposite material composed of recycled paper waste and coconut fibers as reinforcement phases, combined with a Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) matrix system. The composite fabrication process involved several stages. Used paper was cut into small pieces, mixed with water at a 1:1 ratio, and blended to form a damp paper pulp slurry. Coconut fibres were combed, straightened, and cut into lengths of 1-9 cm, with weight fractions of 0-40%. The paper pulp was mixed with Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) at a fixed weight fraction of 35%, followed by the addition of coconut fibres according to the designated compositions, and then molded in accordance with ASTM standards for tensile and bending tests. This study introduces a novel fully waste-based composite system combining used paper waste and coconut fibres with Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) as a natural matrix, demonstrating effective mechanical reinforcement without synthetic resins or cement-based binders. The highest tensile stress (12.32 MPa) was obtained at a fibre length of 9 cm and a weight fraction of 20%, while the highest bending stress (72.6 MPa) occurred at a fibre length of 1 cm and a weight fraction of 10%. The tensile strength increased by 38% compared to the fibreless composite, confirming the reinforcing effectiveness of coconut fibres. These results highlight the potential of the developed composite as a sustainable alternative material for wood-based products in non-structural applications.
Effect of welding angle variation on impact strength, micro and macrostructural characteristics of SMAW joints in AISI 1020 steel Aldino, Aman; Rizza, Muhammad Akhlis; Susilo, Sugeng Hadi
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8817

Abstract

Welding parameters strongly influence the mechanical integrity and metallurgical quality of welded joints. Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is valued for its ease of use and versatility across various materials. This study investigates the effect of welding angle variations on the impact strength, microstructure and macrostructure of AISI 1020 steel joints welded using SMAW technique. Welding was performed at angles of 45° and 70° using currents of 80, 90, and 100 A. Charpy impact testing was conducted in accordance with ASTM E23, while macrostructural and microstructural observations were used to evaluate weld quality and the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ). Impact testing evaluated the internal toughness of the welded joints, while structural observations provided insights into the weld quality and integrity. Results indicated that higher welding currents and larger angles significantly improved impact resistance. The highest impact energy (56 J/cm²) was obtained at 100 A and a 70° welding angle, showing the best impact resilience. The macro and microstructural analysis supported this, with fewer cracks and more evenly distributed martensite, indicating better weld quality.
The effect of heat input on defect formation, macrostructure, microstructure and hardness in AA 1100 aluminum weld joints using the GMAW process Ardika, Rizki Dwi; Sulthoni, Ilham; Munaji, Munaji; Winardi, Yoyok; Azka, Muizuddin
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8632

Abstract

AA 1100 aluminum is widely used in industrial applications due to its low density and good corrosion resistance; however, welding defects such as porosity and changes in mechanical properties often occur during Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). One of the most influential parameters on weld quality is the welding current. This study analyzes the effect of welding current variations on the physical and mechanical properties of AA 1100 GMAW welded joints using ER 5356 filler wire. Welding was carried out at currents of 100 A, 130 A, and 160 A using argon shielding gas. The welded joints were evaluated by visual inspection, macrostructure observation, microstructure analysis, and Vickers microhardness testing. The test results showed that increasing the welding current resulted in wider weld beads, increased porosity and spatter defects, as well as coarser grain structures in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal. The lowest porosity and spatter occurred at 100 A, while the highest porosity and spatter occurred at 160 A. This was due to excessive heat input and hydrogen trapping. Microstructural analysis revealed the presence of FeAl₃ intermetallic phases dispersed within the aluminum matrix. The highest hardness value was found in the weld metal region at 100 A, which was caused by the finer grain size and the strengthening effect of Mg from the ER 5356 filler. Overall, this study confirmed that the welding current significantly affects the defect formation, microstructural evolution, and hardness distribution of GMAW AA 1100 weld joints.
Effect of a sugar palm fiber and pineapple leaf fiber reinforcement in a polyester matrix on flexural strength and macrostructural characteristics Putra, Wawan Trisnadi; Arifin, Rizal; Winangun, Kuntang; Fadelan, Fadelan; Saputra, Rangga Ardana
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.7772

Abstract

The utilization of natural fiber-based composites has emerged as a promising alternative to synthetic materials because of their lightweight, high strength, and eco-friendly characteristics. This research investigates the influence of combining sugar palm fiber and pineapple leaf fiber on the flexural strength and macrostructural characteristics of polyester-matrix composites. Specimens were fabricated using the hand lay-up press technique, while flexural strength testing followed the ASTM D-790 standard. Macrostructural analysis was performed using a macro lens to evaluate fiber distribution, void presence, and delamination. The results confirmed that fiber composition significantly affected both mechanical and structural properties. Among all specimens, the pineapple-fiber-dominant composite (Specimen 5) achieved the highest flexural strength of 80 MPa, whereas the specimen with higher sugar palm fiber content (Specimen 3) showed the lowest value of 59.4 MPa. Improved performance was strongly associated with uniform fiber distribution, effective interfacial bonding, and reduced voids. Overall, the findings highlight the considerable potential of natural fibers as reinforcements for producing strong, durable, and sustainable composite materials.
Investigation on hardness and microstructural behavior of mahogany–brass reinforced bio-composite brake pads under varying compaction pressure Fatkhurrohman, Fatkhurrohman; Ruviana, Rizqa; Musyaroh, Musyaroh; Izzah, Anisah Nurul
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8593

Abstract

The gradual elimination of asbestos in brake pad manufacturing has intensified the search for sustainable and non-toxic friction materials. This study presents waste-based bio-composite brake pads reinforced with mahogany sawdust and brass shavings, fabricated using a compaction-sintering approach. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the combined influence of reinforcement composition and compaction pressure on the microstructure-hardness relationship of wood-metal hybrid composites for brake pad applications. The effects of varying mahogany-to-brass ratio and compaction pressure on Shore D hardness and morphological characteristics were systematically evaluated. The results showed that increasing compaction pressure and reinforcement proportion improved composite densification and interfacial bonding, thereby increasing hardness. Increased hardness indicates better structural integrity and load-bearing capacity, which are important mechanical requirements for brake pad materials. The highest hardness value of 76.6 Shore D was obtained at a pressure of 3400 psi with a 4:4 composition, while the lowest value of 70.6 Shore D occurred at 3000 psi with a 1:4 ratio. These findings highlight the role of controlled compaction and balanced hybrid reinforcement in tailoring the mechanical characteristics of sustainable brake pad composites, supporting the potential utilization of wood and metal waste as environmentally friendly friction material components.
Experimental investigation of seawater volume effect on the performance of a corrugated-V absorber solar still Halim, Arfan; Suryapradana, Ilmawan; S, Adit; P, Abraham
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8485

Abstract

Limited access to clean water in coastal and remote areas has spurred the development of simple desalination technologies powered by renewable energy. This study analyzes the effect of seawater volume variation on the performance of a solar distillation system employing a corrugated-V absorber plate at a 40° tilt angle. The absorber plate was fabricated from aluminum and coated with matte black paint to enhance solar radiation absorption. Experimental tests were conducted under natural solar radiation conditions with seawater volumes of 5L, 6L, and 7L from 09:00 to 16:00 local time. The observed parameters included estimated solar radiation intensity, absorber plate temperature, basin water temperature, system efficiency, and condensate production. The results indicate that seawater volume significantly influences the thermal characteristics and productivity of the solar still. Among the tested variations, the 6L volume showed the best performance, achieving an average efficiency of 40.54% and a maximum condensate yield of 0.36L. At 5L, the available thermal energy was not effectively utilized, whereas at 7L, the increased water mass resulted in slower heating and evaporation rates. These findings demonstrate that appropriate selection of seawater volume plays an important role in enhancing the performance of solar distillation systems equipped with corrugated-V absorber plates under real outdoor operating conditions.
Optimizing injection pressure for diesel engines fueled with waste cooking oil biodiesel blends Aminudin, Achmad; Pamungkas, Doni Setyo; Basuki, Imam; Romandoni, Nanang; Nisa, Nur Ihda Farikhatin; Wardana, Kelvin Dwi
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.7819

Abstract

This study examines the effects of used cooking oil biodiesel and injection pressure on diesel engine performance and emissions. Highlights the combined effects of injection pressure and biodiesel blends. The fuel mixtures used were Pertamina Dex (B0), B50 (50% biodiesel), and B65 (65% biodiesel), with injection pressures of 160, 170, and 180 bar. Tests were conducted on a Dongfeng S195 diesel engine with a load of 1000–5000 watts. The parameters tested included fuel characteristics (density, viscosity, flash point, and calorific value), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), and exhaust gas opacity. The results show that injection pressure plays a critical role in optimizing biodiesel combustion. The B65 blend at an injection pressure of 170 bar produced the lowest BSFC of 279.30 g/kWh and a high BTE of 25.54%, approaching that of pure diesel. In terms of emissions, the lowest opacity value of 5.88% was achieved with the B65 blend at 180 bar. These findings demonstrate that an optimal injection pressure, particularly 170 bar, can significantly improve fuel efficiency and combustion performance of high-percentage biodiesel blends while reducing exhaust smoke. Thus, used cooking oil biodiesel can improve fuel safety and efficiency as well as reduce emissions, provided it is combined with optimal injection pressure.
Effect of blade number on the performance of an H-rotor vertical axis wind turbine under low wind speed conditions Lolok, Agustinus; Mangalla, Lukas Kano; Badia, Bahdin Ahad
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8832

Abstract

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) have significant potential for small-scale wind energy applications, particularly in regions with low to moderate wind speeds. One of the key design parameters influencing VAWT performance is the number of blades. This study aims to experimentally investigate the effect of blade number on the operational characteristics and aerodynamic efficiency of a laboratory-scale vertical axis wind turbine. Three turbine configurations with 2, 3, and 4 blades were tested, each with a blade height of 25 cm and installed at 45 cm above the ground. Experiments were conducted using an axial fan with a flow straightener in a laboratory setup under wind speeds of 2, 3, 4, and 5 m/s. Measured parameters included rotational speed (RPM), torque, mechanical power, Tip Speed Ratio (TSR), and power coefficient (Cp). The results indicate that the three-bladed turbine exhibits the best overall performance, achieving a maximum power coefficient of 0.37 at a wind speed of 5 m/s and a TSR of approximately 2.2. A relative efficiency analysis confirms that the three-bladed configuration offers the most favorable balance among torque generation, rotational speed, and aerodynamic losses. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing small-scale VAWT design and enhancing wind energy utilization in low-wind-speed environments.
Lower-temperature sintering and optimization ratio of SiO2-TiO2-B2O3-ZnO glass ceramic coatings for energy efficient tile Habib, Faisal; Mahmuddin, Mahmuddin; Arif, Muhammad Imam
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8846

Abstract

Conventional ceramic tile glazes typically require firing temperatures above 1180°C, leading to high energy consumption and production costs. Despite extensive studies on composition and crystallization, integrated optimization of oxide balance, crystallization kinetics, and energy efficiency at reduced temperatures remains limited. This study aims to develop and optimize SiO₂–TiO₂–B₂O₃–ZnO glass-ceramic coatings through a combined experimental and data-driven approach to achieve enhanced mechanical performance at lower sintering temperatures. A series of compositions were formulated using locally sourced raw materials and sintered at 1080–1160°C. The crystallization behavior was first characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and fitted with the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) kinetic model. Phase evolution and microstructure were examined through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Mechanical and optical performance were evaluated via Vickers microhardness testing, gloss measurement, and bulk density analysis. Multivariate regression and energy-performance correlation analysis were conducted using MATLAB. The results demonstrate that increasing TiO₂ content promotes heterogeneous nucleation, lowering crystallization peak temperature from 785°C to 725°C and increasing enthalpy release from 48 to 64 J/g. The Avrami exponent (n = 1.75–1.95) indicates three-dimensional crystal growth with mixed nucleation mechanisms. Vickers hardness improved from 515 HV to 670 HV with increasing TiO₂ concentration, while gloss moderately decreased due to enhanced crystalline fraction. The optimal composition (55 mol% SiO₂, 8 mol% TiO₂, 2 mol% B₂O₃, 2 mol% ZnO) achieved 648 HV, 63 GU, and a 12% reduction in firing energy, demonstrating the feasibility of energy-efficient coating design.
Thermal distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints: experimental and numerical study Azwinur, Azwinur; Suprihanto, Agus; Kusuma, Mukhsinun Hadi; Rozi, Khoiri; Usman, Usman; Dharma, Surya; Hamdani, Hamdani
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.7838

Abstract

Dissimilar welding of copper (Cu) and Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L) presents significant challenges due to their large differences in thermal conductivity and melting temperature, which lead to asymmetric heat distribution and non-uniform penetration. This study aims to evaluate the effect of welding current on temperature distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L joints using ERCuSi-A filler through an integrated experimental and numerical approach. Welding experiments were conducted at three current levels: 120 A, 135 A, and 150 A on 2.7 mm thick plates. Macrostructural examinations were performed to assess weld bead geometry and penetration behavior. Transient thermal simulations were carried out using ANSYS Workbench to predict temperature fields and thermal gradients. The results indicate that welding current significantly influences weld morphology and thermal behavior. At 120 A, the weld bead was relatively narrow with limited penetration on the Cu side due to rapid heat dissipation. At 135 A, a more uniform fusion profile was achieved, with simulated peak temperatures exceeding 1000°C and an improved penetration balance between Cu and SS316L. At 150 A, deeper penetration into SS316L was observed; however, the heating cycle became shorter and the temperature distribution more localized. Numerical results consistently showed asymmetric temperature fields, where heat diffused rapidly into Cu and concentrated in SS316L. The strong correlation between simulation and macrostructural observations confirms that thermal distribution governs weld geometry and penetration behavior. The 135 A current provides the most balanced fusion characteristics, making it suitable for Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints in heat-transfer applications.

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