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Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 23030267     EISSN : 24076082     DOI : 10.25026/jsk
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan menerima naskah karya asli (Artikel Penelitian, Artikel Review, dan Studi Kasus), baik eksperimental maupun teoretis, dalam bidang-bidang berikut: Sains dan Kesehatan (Kedokteran, Farmasi, Kesehatan Masyarakat, Keperawatan, Kebidanan, Gizi, dan lain-lain). Tujuan penerbitan Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan adalah untuk menyediakan informasi ilmiah tentang perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi di bidang Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Kesehatan.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 750 Documents
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Potensi Penghambatan Enzim Tirosinase dengan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kopasanda (Chromolaena Odorata L.): Potential inhibition of Tyrosinase Enzyme by Ethanol Extracts Kopasanda Leaf (Chromolaena Odorata L.) Amin, Astuti; Hardianti, Besse; Lallo, Subehan; Hendrari, Wahyu
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v6i1.2120

Abstract

The need for skin care is increasing. One indicator of skin health is the brightness of skin color. Tyrosinase enzyme can darken skin color due to its activity against melanin biosynthesis. Skin color will also change when exposed to UV rays, even at a more severe level can cause cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity of ethanol extract of copasanda leaves of Chromolaena odorata L. C. odorata leaves are weeds from the Asteraceae family which contain several compounds such as tannins, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. In this study, the ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves was tested in inhibiting tyrosinase enzyme activity based on the percent inhibition. Determination of tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory activity using UV-Vis spectrometer at a wavelength of 495 nm, done by calculating the IC50 value with kojic acid as a positive control. The results showed that the IC50 value of the tyrosinase enzyme inhibition activity test, kojic acid as a positive control amounted to 27,472 mg L-1 (very strong), the sample of ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves amounted to 81,546 mg L-1 (very strong). The ethanol extract of C. odorata leaves has an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase enzyme which is used as a potential source material for natural antimelagenic compounds. Keywords:          Chromolaena odorata L., tyrosinase enzyme, Weeds   Abstrak Kebutuhan akan perawatan kulit semakin meningkat. Salah satu indikator kesehatan kulit adalah kecerahan kulit warna kulit. Enzim tirosinase dapat menggelapkan warna kulit karena aktivitasnya melawan biosintesis melanin. Warna kulit juga akan berubah ketika terpapar sinar UV, bahkan pada tingkat yang lebih parah dapat menyebabkan kanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase dari ekstrak etanol daun kopasanda Chromolaena odorata L. Daun C. odorata merupakan tumbuhan gulma dari family Asteraceae yang mengandung beberapa senyawa seperti tannin, fenol, flavonoid, saponin, dan steroid. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian terhadap ekstrak etanol daun C. odorata dalam menghambat aktivitas enzim tirosinase berdasarkan persen penghambatannya. Penentuan aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase menggunakan alat Spektrometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 495 nm, dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai IC50 dengan asam kojic sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai IC50 dari uji aktivitas penghambatan enzim tirosinase, asam kojic sebagai kontrol positif sebesar 27,472 mg L-1 (sangat kuat), sampel ekstrak etanol daun C.odorata  sebesar  81,546 mg L-1 (sangat kuat). Ekstrak etanol daun C. odorata memiliki efek penghambatan terhadap enzim tirosinase yang digunakan sebagai bahan sumber potensial senyawa antimelagenik alami. Kata Kunci:         Chromolaena odorata L, enzim tirosinase, Gulma
Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Nanoemulsi Spray Gel Propolis sebagai Antijamur terhadap Candida albicans: Formulation and Antifungal Activity of Nanoemulsion Spray Gel Containing Propolis against Candida albicans Nurfatimah, Baiq Aluh; Putri, Fatya Kamila; Rizkika, Adila; Suhayatman, Early Windary; Ridwan, Sucilawaty
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v6i1.2121

Abstract

Aphthous stomatitis is inflammation of the oral mucosa, which can cause pain and discomfort. Thrush can be caused by Candida albicans. So, this research aims to make a nanoemulsion spray gel preparation that can treat the Candida albicans fungus. The method was to formulate propolis nanoemulsion and gel base with variations of Carbopol, followed by physical properties testing such as organoleptic test, pH, viscosity, spreadability and adhesivity, particle size, and index polydispersity. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of the preparation was tested against Candida albicans. The results showed that formulation 2 had better antifungal activity where the diameter of the inhibitory force was 22,33±0,58(p?0,05). This research concludes that formula 2 nanoemulsion spray gel preparations showed the optimum preparation based on physical properties evaluation and showed the diameter inhibitory of 22,33±0,58 mm. Keywords:          nanoemulsion, spray, gel, propolis   Abstrak Sariawan atau Stomatitis aphtosa adalah inflamasi pada bagian mukosa mulut yang dapat menimbulkan rasa sakit dan tidak nyaman. Sariawan dapat disebabkan oleh Candida albicans. Sehingga tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu melakukan pembuatan sediaan nanoemulsi spray gel yang dapat mengatasi jamur Candida albicans. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan memformulasikan nanoemulsi propolis dan basis gel dengan variasi 3 variasi formula carbopol sebagai gelling agent. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji evaluasi fisik sediaan meliputi organoleptik, pH, daya sebar lekat, viskositas, ukuran partikel, dan indeks polidispersitas. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji aktivitas antijamur terhadap Candida albicans. Hasilnya didapatkan bahwa formula 2 merupakan formula paling optimum berdasarkan evaluasi fisik. Formula ini memiliki aktivitas antijamur dengan diameter daya hambat sebesar 22,33±0,58 (p?0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu formula 2 sediaan nanoemulsi spray gel merupakan formula paling optimum berdasarkan evaluasi fisik serta memiliki aktivitas terhadap jamur Candida albicans dengan zona hambat sebesar 22,33±0,58 mm. Kata Kunci:         nanoemulsi, spray, gel, propolis
Optimalisasi Nilai Bilangan Penyabunan Minyak Kelapa Hasil Pengolahan dengan Pemanasan Terkontrol: Optimization of Saponification Numbers of Processed Coconut Oil by Controlled Heating Haeruddin Haeruddin; La Harimu; Rahmanpiu Rahmanpiu; Dahlan Dahlan; La Rudi; La Ode Muhamad Alibonto; Citra Wati; Nurul Aulia Hikmah
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.2127

Abstract

Coconut oil is one part of the coconut that is utilized as cooking oil. This study aims to determine the optimal condition of the saponification number of coconut oil obtained from variations in heating time. This research method is in the form of measuring the value of saponification number by acid-base titration and determining the optimum condition of saponification number of coconut oil based on variations in temperature and saponification heating time on coconut oil obtained from variations in extraction time of 10-15 minutes. The results showed that variations in saponification heating time and temperature caused differences in the saponification number of coconut oil. At 30 minutes of saponification heating at 50°C-70°C, the saponification number value of coconut oil is lower than at 60 minutes of saponification heating at 50°C-70°C. The lowest saponification number value occurs in coconut oil extracted for 10 minutes at 107.66 mg KOH/gram at 50°C saponification heating for 30 minutes and the highest saponification number value occurs in coconut oil extracted for 35 minutes at 230.528 mg KOH/g at 60°C saponification heating for 60 minutes. The best results were obtained at 60°C saponification heating for 60 minutes from all extracted oils and treatment types where the saponification number value was closer to the SNI value range of 180-265 mg KOH/gram. Keywords:          coconut oil, saponification number, temperature, heating time   Abstrak Minyak kelapa adalah salah satu bagian dari kelapa yang dimanfaatkan sebagai minyak goreng. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi optimal nilai bilangan penyabunan minyak kelapa yang diperoleh dari variasi waktu pemanasan. Metode penelitian ini berupa pengukuran nilai bilangan penyabunan secara titrasi asam basa dan penentuan kondisi optimum bilangan penyabunan minyak kelapa berdasarkan variasi suhu dan waktu pemanasan penyabunan terhadap minyak kelapa yang diperoleh dari variasi waktu ekstraksi 10-15 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi waktu dan suhu pemanasan penyabunan menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan nilai bilangan penyabunan minyak kelapa. Pada pemanasan penyabunan 30 menit suhu 50°C-70°C, nilai bilangan penyabunan minyak kelapa lebih rendah dari pada pemanasan penyabunan 60 menit suhu 50°C-70°C. Nilai bilangan penyabunan terendah terjadi pada minyak kelapa hasil ekstraksi selama 10 menit sebesar 107,66 mg KOH/gram pada pemanasan penyabunan 50°C selama 30 menit dan nilai bilangan penyabunan tertinggi terjadi pada minyak kelapa hasil ekstraksi selama 35 menit sebesar 230,528 mg KOH/g pada pemanasan penyabunan 60°C selama 60 menit. Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada pemanasan penyabunan 60°C selama 60 menit dari semua minyak hasil ekstraksi dan jenis perlakuan dimana nilai bilangan penyabunannya lebih mendekati rentang nilai yang dipersyaratkan SNI sebesar 180-265 mg KOH/gram. Kata Kunci:         minyak kelapa, bilangan penyabunan, suhu, waktu pemanasan
Studi Penggunaan Albumin pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) di RSUD Sidoarjo: Drug Utilization Study of Albumin Use in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) at Sidoarjo Regional Hospital Bastari, Nadya Kirana Savira; Mukti, Asri Wido; Purbosari, Ira
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2024): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v6i3.2129

Abstract

In patients with Chronic Renal Failure (CKD), protein loss in urine results in albumin levels <2.5 g/dL, requiring albumin therapy. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of albumin therapy in patients with CKD, including: albumin concentration, albumin dose, duration of administration, therapy outcome, and to determine the presence or absence of Drug Related Problems (DRPs). The research conducted refers to the time limited sampling method, descriptive analysis, using non-experimental observation, and relevant data collected through retrospective methods for the period 01 October-31 December 2022 at Sidoarjo Regional Hospital. In this study, there were 23 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Albumin used two types of concentrations, 20% and 25% (100 ml preparation) with a dose of 1×1 intravenous route (IV) drip and duration of administration <4 hours. Therapeutic outcomes that reached the target were 48% and did not reach the target 52%. The 4 DRPs analysed included: drug interaction, drug indication, dose appropriateness, and untreated indication. Of the 4 DRPs, 3 DRPs including: drug interactions, drug indications, and dose conformity were declared no DRPs and 1 DRPs in the category of untreated indications had DRPs. The results of the study showed that the use of  20% and 25% albumin in hypoalbuminemia CKD patients at Sidoarjo Regional Hospital was appropriate and could increase albumin levels in CKD patients. Keywords:          Albumin, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Drug Utilization Study (DUS)   Abstrak Pada pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK) kehilangan protein dalam urine mengakibatkan kadar albumin <2,5 g/dL, sehingga memerlukan terapi albumin. Tujuan penelitian ini menilai ketepatan terapi albumin pada pasien GGK, mencakup : konsentrasi albumin, dosis albumin, durasi pemberian, outcome terapi, dan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya Drug Related Problems (DRPs). Penelitian yang dilakukan mengacu metode time limited sampling, dianalisis deskriptif, menggunakan observasi non-eksperimental, dan data 23 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusidikumpulkan melalui metode retrospektif periode 01 Oktober-31 Desember 2022 di RSUD Sidoarjo. Albumin yang digunakan dua jenis konsentrasi, 20% dan 25% (sediaan 100 ml) dengan dosis 1x1 rute intravena (IV) drip dan durasi pemberian <4 jam. Outcome terapi yang mencapai target sebesar 48% dan tidak mencapai target 52%. Untuk 4 DRPs yang dianalisis, meliputi: interaksi obat, indikasi obat, kesesuaian dosis, dan indikasi yang tidak diobati. Dari keempat DRPs tersebut, terdapat 1 DRPs yang teridentifikasi yaitu tidak diobati. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan albumin 20% dan 25% pada pasien GGK hipoalbuminemia di RSUD Sidoarjo sudah sesuai dan dapat meningkatkan kadar albumin pada pasien GGK. Kata Kunci:         Albumin, Gagal Ginjal Kronik (GGK), Studi Penggunaan Obat
Analisis Hidrokuinon dalam Krim Pemutih Wajah yang Beredar di Kota Bangkinang dengan Metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis: Analysis of Hydroquinone in Facial Whitening Cream Circulating in Bangkinang City Using Thin Layer Chromatography Method Putriani, Kony; Anggraini, Lovera; Fricilia, Fitri Cindy
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v6i1.2130

Abstract

Hydroquinone is an ingredient or preparation to overcome skin hyperpigmentation on the outside of the body. Hydroquinone is prohibited from use in cosmetics that can cause oochronosis, which is skin spots like sand and bluish brown in color, people with oochronosis will feel itchy and burning on the skin. The study aims to determine the presence or absence of Hydroquinone in face whitening creams that do not have BPOM permits circulating in Bangkinang City.  Hydroquinone examination was carried out by thin-a-layer chromatography (TLC) method using toluene mobile phase:  glacial acetic acid (80:20). Whitening cream samples were taken from as many as five different brands, and different sellers. After testing the five samples, two were positive, marked with the Rf value of the sample equal to the Rf of the control and comparison. Keywords:          Whitening Cream, Hydroquinone, KLT   Abstrak Hidrokuinon merupakan bahan atau sediaan untuk mengatasi hiperpigmentasi kulit di bagian luar tubuh. Hidrokuinon dilarang penggunaannya pada kosmetik karena menyebabkan okronosis, yaitu kulit berbintik seperti pasir dan berwarna coklat kebiruan, Pengidap okronosis akan merasa gatal dan rasa terbakar pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan ada atau tidaknya hidrokuinon pada krim pemutih wajah yang tidak memiliki izin Badan Penelitian Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) yang beredar di Kota Bangkinang. Pemeriksaan hidrokuinon dilakukan dengan metode Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) dengan menggunakan fase gerak toluen : asam asetat glasial (80:20). Sampel krim pemutih diambil sebanyak lima merek yang berbeda dari penjual yang berbeda, Setelah dilakukan pengujian diperoleh hasil dua sampel D dan E positif mengandung hidrokuinon yang ditandai dengan nilai Rf yang sama dengan Rf kontrol dan pembanding. Kata Kunci:     Krim Pemutih, Hidrokuinon, KL
Patient Profile and Survival Rate of Breast Cancer Patients with FEC Chemotherapy Regimen at H. Adam Malik Hospital Alfi Syahri G; Retno Murwanti; Agung Endro Nugroho
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 6 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i6.2133

Abstract

Breast cancer is a prevalent disease that impacts public health worldwide, including Indonesia. There are various chemotherapy regimens that are currently available. One widely utilized chemotherapy regimen for breast cancer is the FEC regimen, which combines 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide. This study provides a study of patient profiles and survival rates among breast cancer patients undergoing FEC chemotherapy at H. Adam Malik Hospital. The study utilized a descriptive-retrospective approach with data collected from the medical records of patients who underwent FEC therapy at RSUP H. Adam Malik during January-December 2019. A total of 157 patients were administered anthracycline-based treatment, with 54 patients receiving FEC (34.39%). The majority of individuals under the FEC regimen were primarily luminal B (51.75%) and IBC (33.33%). The survival rate for individuals using the FEC chemotherapy regimen was found to be 37.98 months. Additionally, patients with risk factors associated with invasive breast cancer (IBC) exhibited a 1.20-fold increased risk of mortality compared to individuals with other forms of breast cancer. The first-line FEC chemotherapy regimen continues to be a feasible therapeutic option for subtypes of breast cancer, and there is no discernible variation in survival rate observed across these characteristics.
Perbandingan Kadar Flavonoid, Fenol, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Kulit Buah Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) dengan Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Berbeda: Comparison of Flavonoid, Phenol, and Antioxidant Activity Levels in Kepok Banana (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) Peel Using Different Extraction Methods Arif Al Iman; Sukrasno Sukrasno; Defri Rizaldy; Ni Luh Putu Kris Monika Yanti
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 6 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i6.2134

Abstract

Kepok banana peels are rich in flavonoid and phenolic compounds. To obtain the maximum desired compound, the selection of the extraction method used plays an important role. This research aims to determine the kepok banana peel extraction method that is capable of providing the highest levels of flavonoids and phenols, as well as the strongest antioxidant activity. The research began with the preparation of kapok banana peel simplicia, followed by extraction respectively by meseration, reflux, and Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE). Then the levels of flavonoids, phenols and antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained from each method were measured, and ended with statistical analysis. The results of determining the levels of flavonoid extracts showed that the meseration, reflux, and UAE methods each produced levels of 4.782 ± 0.258 g QE/100 g; 5.877 ± 0.196 grams QE/100 grams; and 7.115 ± 0.226 grams QE/100 grams. In determining phenol content, extracts from meseration, reflux, and UAE produced levels of 8.172 ± 0.505 g GAE /100 g respectively; 9.123 ± 0.224 grams GAE /100 grams; 10.104 ± 0.345 grams GAE /100 grams. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity test showed that the IC50 value of mecerated, refluxed and UAE extracts was 39.493 ± 0.819 ?g/ml; 28.203 ± 0.516 ?g/ml; 23.147 ± 0.314 ?g/ml. The conclusion of this research is that UAE extraction is the best extraction method, with a total flavonoid content of 7.115 ± 0.226 g QE/100 g, a total phenol content of 10.104 ± 0.345 g GAE /100 g, and the strongest antioxidant IC50 of 23.147 ± 0.314 ?g/ml. Keywords:          Antioxidants, Banana Peel, Extraction, Flavonoids, Phenols   Abstrak Kulit pisang kepok kaya akan senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik. Untuk memperoleh senyawa yang diinginkan secara maksimal, maka pemilihan metode ekstraksi yang digunakan menjadi peran penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan metode ekstraksi kulit pisang kepok yang mampu memberikan kadar flavonoid dan fenol tertinggi, serta aktivitas antioksidan terkuat. Penelitian diawali dengan penyiapan simplisia kulit buah pisang kapok, dilanjutkan dengan ekstraksi masing-masing dengan maserasi, refluks, dan Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE). Kemudian, kadar flavonoid, fenol dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak yang diperoleh dari masing-masing metode diukur, dan diakhiri dengan analisis statistik. Hasil penetapan kadar flavonoid ekstrak menunjukkan bahwa metode maserasi, refluks, dan UAE menghasilkan kadar masing-masing sebesar 4,782 ± 0,258 g QE/100 g; 5,877 ± 0,196 g QE/100 g; dan 7,115 ± 0,226 g QE/100 g . Pada penetapan kadar fenol, ekstrak dari maserasi, refluks, dan UAE menghasilkan kadar masing-masing sebesar 8,172 ± 0,505 g GAE /100 g; 9,123 ± 0,224 g GAE /100 g; 10,104 ± 0,345 g GAE /100 g . Sementara, uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa nilai IC50 ekstrak hasil maserasi, refluks, dan UAE masing-masing sebesar 39,493 ± 0,819 ?g/ml; 28,203 ± 0,516 ?g/ml; 23,147 ± 0,314 ?g/ml. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstraksi UAE merupakan metode ekstraksi terbaik yaitu dengan kadar flavonoid total sebesar 7,115 ± 0,226 g QE/100 g, kadar fenol total sebesar 10,104 ± 0,345 g GAE /100 g, dan IC50 antioksidan terkuat sebesar 23,147 ± 0,314 ?g/ml. Kata Kunci:         Antioksidan, Ektraksi, Fenol, Flavonoid, Kulit Buah Pisang Kepok
In Vivo Uricosuric Effect of Red Betel Leaves (Piper crocatum RUIZ & PAV) Ethanol Extract Hermanto, Faizal; Wahyuningsih, Sri
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v6i2.2135

Abstract

Hyperuricemia a condition where a person has high levels of uric acid in the blood. Red betel (Piper crocatum RUIZ & PAV) is a plant empirically used to reduce uric acid levels. This study aimed to determine the effective dose of red betel plant in reducing urinary uric acid levels in male Wistar rats with hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia condition was obtained by giving chicken liver juice 25 mL/kg orally and potassium oxonate 250 mg/kg intraperitoneally. Red betel extract (RBE) is made by maceration using 50% ethanol. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: negative control (CMC-Na 0.5%), Positive control (Probenecid 4, 5 mg/kg), and extract at doses 11.5, 23 and 46 mg/kg.  The results showed that the RBE increased uric acid secretion through urine (uricosuric) compared to controls. The optimal dose for the uricosuric effect of the extract is 46 mg/kg, although this effect is lower than probenecid.   Keywords:          Red betel, uric acid, potassium oxonate, uricosuric
Formulasi Sediaan Tablet Ekstrak Daun Tapak Dara (Catharantus roseus L.G.Don) dengan Kombinasi Bahan Pengisi Manitol dan Glukosa Menggunakan Metode Granulasi Basah: Formulation of Tapak Dara (Catharantus roseus L.G. Don) Leaf Extract Tablets with a Combination of Mannitol and Glucose Fillers Using the Wet Granulation Method Ani, Nur; Susanti, Ika Yani
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2024): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v6i3.2142

Abstract

Vinca (Vinca rosea) or periwinkle was once seen as a wild and simple flower. Many people are starting to notice and enjoy it now. This research aims to find out the best way to make tablets containing tapak dara leaf extract that have good physical quality. The technique used in this research is a subjective strategy and the results obtained, basic testing on tapak dara leaf powder shows that tapak dara leaves contain alkaloid compounds that provide a reddish yellow boost, flavonoids which are described by the development of a red-orange to purple-red color. , saponins are described by the development of stable foam, and Tannins are described by the composition of changes in varieties that are dark blue, if reagents and negatives are added, they do not contain polyphenols which cannot be separated by the composition of changes in varieties. and all recipes each contain tapak dara leaf extract equation I, recipe II, and equation III meet the quality test requirements for size consistency, weight consistency, friability, and tablet hardness as expected in the Indonesian pharmacopeia, the use of tapak dara leaves is separately focused on equation I, II and III, the use of a mixture of mannitol and glucose fillers did not have a significant effect on the size consistency, weight consistency, friability and hardness of tapak dara leaf extract tablets. Keywords:          Tablets, Tapak Dara Leaf Extract, Filling Material, Wet Granulation   Abstrak Vinca (Vinca rosea) atau periwinkle dulunya dipandang sebagai bunga liar dan sederhana. Banyak orang mulai memperhatikan dan menikmatinya sekarang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cara terbaik membuat tablet mengandung ekstrak daun tapak dara yang mempunyai mutu fisik yang baik. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah strategi subyektif dan hasil yang didapat, pengujian dasar pada bubuk daun tapak dara menunjukkan bahwa daun tapak dara mengandung senyawa alkaloid yang memberikan dorongan kuning kemerahan, flavonoid yang digambarkan dengan perkembangan warna merah jingga hingga merah ungu. , saponin digambarkan dengan berkembangnya buih yang stabil, Tanin digambarkan dengan susunan perubahan varietas berwarna biru tua, apabila ditambahkan pereaksi dan negatif tidak mengandung polifenol yang tidak dapat dipisahkan oleh susunan perubahan varietas. dan semua resep masing-masing berisi ekstrak daun tapak dara persamaan I, resep II, persamaan III memenuhi persyaratan uji mutu konsistensi ukuran, konsistensi berat, kerapuhan dan kekerasan tablet sesuai yang diharapkan dalam farmakope indonesia, pemanfaatan daun tapak dara terpisah fokus dengan persamaan I, II dan III penggunaan campuran bahan pengisi manitol dan glukosa tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsistensi ukuran, berat konsistensi, kerapuhan dan kekerasan tablet ekstrikat daun tapak dara. Kata Kunci:         Tablet, Ekstrak Daun Tapak Dara, Bahan Pengisi, Granulasi Basah
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Bedah Sesar (Sectio Caesarea) di Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya: Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Cesarean Section (Sectio Caesarea) Patients at Jemursari Islamic Hospital Surabaya Titasari, Fitrata Widya Masyitha; Mukti, Asri Wido; Sari, Dewi Perwito
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v6i4.2143

Abstract

Caesarean section is a surgical procedure that is included in the Clean Contaminated category. Antibiotic prophylaxis is highly recommended for Caesarean section. The main goal of administering prophylactic antibiotics before surgical procedures is to reduce the risk of infection. Apart from prophylactic antibiotics, therapeutic antibiotics are given to patients who experience infections after caesarean section. These therapeutic antibiotics are specifically used for empirical or curative treatment purposes. The aim of this study was to determine the use of antibiotics in patients undergoing caesarean section at the Jemursari Islamic Hospital, Surabaya. This study is a non-experimental observational study that uses descriptive methodology to collect data retrospectively from patient medical records during the period October to December 2022. A total of 70 patients in the sample met the specified inclusion criteria. The findings of this study indicate that the main prophylactic antibiotic given was cefazolin, a first generation cephalosporin, with a dose of 2 grams given 30-60 minutes before incision in 54 patients. Empirical administration of therapeutic antibiotics was predominantly observed in the oral route for a total of 38 patients, primarily targeting individuals receiving third-generation cephalosporin (cefixime) treatment. Providing prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotics to patients involves selecting the right antibiotic agent and dose, the right route of administration and the right duration of administration in accordance with hospital guidelines. Keywords:          antibiotic therapy, cesarean section, prophylactic antibiotics   Abstrak Bedah sesar ialah tindakan pembedahan termasuk kedalam golongan bersih terkontaminasi (Clean Contaminated) antibiotik profilaksis sangat dianjurkan untuk bedah sesar. Tujuan utama pemberian antibiotik profilaksis sebelum prosedur pembedahan adalah untuk mengurangi risiko infeksi. Selain antibiotik profilaksis, antibiotik terapeutik diberikan kepada pasien yang mengalami infeksi pasca operasi caesar. Antibiotik terapeutik ini secara khusus digunakan untuk tujuan pengobatan empiris atau kuratif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien yang menjalani operasi caesar di Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional non-eksperimental yang menggunakan metodologi deskriptif untuk mengumpulkan data secara retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien selama periode Oktober hingga Desember 2022. Sebanyak 70 pasien dalam sampel memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang ditentukan. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik profilaksis utama yang diberikan adalah cefazolin, sefalosporin generasi pertama, dengan dosis 2 gram yang diberikan 30-60 menit sebelum insisi yang terdiri dari 54 pasien. Pemberian antibiotik terapeutik secara empiris sebagian besar diamati pada rute oral untuk total 38 pasien, terutama menargetkan individu yang menerima pengobatan sefalosporin (cefixime) generasi ketiga. Pemberian antibiotik profilaksis dan terapeutik kepada pasien melibatkan pemilihan agen antibiotik dan dosis yang tepat, tepat rute pemberian dan tepat lama pemberian yang telah sesuai dengan pedoman rumah sakit. Kata Kunci:         antibiotik profilaksis, antibiotik terapi, bedah sesar

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