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Bionature
Published by Universitas Negeri Makassar
ISSN : 14114720     EISSN : 26545160     DOI : 10.35580
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Bionature is a journal that contains writings based on the results of research, conceptual ideas, studies, and the implementation of the theory in the field of biology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Articles 86 Documents
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Pemberian Kompos Jerami dan Tepung Cangkang Telur pada Tanaman Kangkung di Desa Mallinrung Kec. Libureng Kab. Bone Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Muhammad Nur Ichwan; Sutoyo; Eny Wahyuning Purwanti
Bionature Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis perlakuan pupukorganik yang dapat memberikan hasil terbaik pada tanaman kangkung. Ujiindependent sample t-test digunakan untuk membandingkan kedua jenisperlakuan pupuk organik. Perlakuan meliputi kompos jerami dan tepung kulittelur dengan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 30 kali. Dosis pupukyang digunakan adalah 26.810 g untuk setiap tanaman kangkung. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikanantara kedua perlakuan pupuk organik yang diberi kompos jerami dan tepungkulit telur dengan dosis 26,810 g pada parameter pengamatan bobot segarpanen dan daya simpan tanaman.
Tinjauan Molekuler dan Epidemiologi Mutasi pada Virus SARS-CoV-2 Hartono; Yenni Yusuf
Bionature Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

Virus SARS-CoV-2 yang merupakan penyebab pandemi COVID-19 sejakakhir tahun 2019 telah mengalami banyak mutasi yang memunculkan beberapavariants of concern (VOC) dengan penularan, virulensi, dan kemampuanmenghindari sistem imun yang lebih tinggi daripada varian awal (wild-type). Hinggakini terdapat empat varian yang termasuk dalam VOC virus tersebut yaitu varianalfa, beta, gamma, dan delta. Peningkatan transmisi dan virulensi pada VOC tersebutdikaitkan dengan perubahan mutasi pada protein spike yang merupakan strukturdari virus yang berperan dalam pengikatan dengan sel host. Pada artikel ini kamimelakukan literature review mengenai VOC dari virus SARS-CoV-2 terkait mutasiyang terjadi dan dampaknya pada proses pengikatan virus. Untuk mendapatkanpemahaman terkait dampak dari mutasi di berbagai varian tersebut, kami jugamereview struktur dari protein spike dan proses entry virus ke dalam sel host.
Pemanfaatan Tepung Cangkang dan Kepala Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) terhadap Penurunan Hiperkolesterolemia secara In Vivo Rosdiana Ngitung; Sahribulan; A. Sri Rahmadani
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This research is an experimental study that aims to determine the effect and optimum concentration of shelland head of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) on reducing hypercholesterolemia in mice (Mus musculus).This study consisted of 4 treatment groups: P0 (hypercholesterol feed mixed with 0% shrimp shell and head flour),P1 (hypercholesterol feed mixed with 5% shrimp shell and head flour), P2 (hypercholesterol feed mixed with 7%shell and shrimp head flour), and P3 (hypercholesterol feed mixed with 9% shell and shrimp head flour). Theresearch method consisted of the manufacture of hypercholesterolemic feed, the manufacture of shell and shrimphead flour, the manufacture of test animal feed, treatment of test animals, and measurement of cholesterol levels.Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Duncan's test. The average value of initial cholesterol levels inthe P3 treatment group was very significantly different from the P0, P1, and P2 treatment groups. The mean valueof final cholesterol levels in the P2 treatment group was significantly different from P0 and significantly differentfrom P1 and P3. The optimum concentration was 7% (P2) which was able to reduce hypercholesterolemia in mice(Mus musculus) by 0.29%.
Pengaruh Jenis Sumber Nitrogen terhadap Karakteristik Nata De Sago Heni Mutmainnah; Farida Renhoat
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

Nata is a biotechnology product that using Acetobacter xylinum in synthesizing cellulose through a fermentation process. The raw materials for making nata generally use coconut water, fruit extracts, or tofu processing waste as a source of carbohydrates. However, in this study, sago leachate was used because it contains starch as a carbon source to form polysaccharides. Nitrogen sources are also needed in stimulating the growth of A. xylinum. The nitrogen sources commonly used are urea, ZA, and mung bean sprout extract. This study aims to determine the effect of giving different types of nitrogen sources, namely urea, ZA, and touge extract on the characteristics of nata de sago. This study used RAL (Completely Randomized Design) which consisted of 3 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that the variety of nitrogen sources had a significant effect on the thickness, texture, and aroma of nata de sago, but did not significantly affect the color characteristics of nata de sago.
Bioproses Penguraian Limbah Cair Buangan Industri Pangan dan Non-Pangan Berbasis Biosurfaktan Yati Sudaryati Soeka; Joko Sulistyo
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

Biosurfactants are microbial metabolites that may be utilized to replace synthetic chemical surfactant inovercoming the problem of industrial wastewater pollution. Indications of the presence of biosurfactant activitymay be determined through measurement of emulsification and enzymatic activity of the tested microorganismson their growth media, which is indicated by decreasing the BOD and COD of the tested growth media containingwastewater material as an inducer added to the microbial growth medium. This research was conducted toexamine several potential microbial isolates that produce biosurfactants on growth media containing mixed wastewater. The results showed that some of the microbial cultures tested showed the potential to produce biosurfactantsas indicated by the emulsification and enzymatic activity of the tested microbial culture. Trial on mixed industrialwastewater showed that the tested biosurfactants were able to reduce the levels of BOD (440-1300 mg/l) and COD(1240-1760 mg/l) of the wastewater samples up to low BOD levels (82 mg/l) and COD (116 mg/l), respectively,thus that it meets the requirements of the established wastewater quality standards according to the IndonesianStandard regarding with the respective BOD (50-100 mg/l, 06-6989.9-2004 SNI) and COD (100-250 mg /l, 06-6989.2-2004 SNI).
Sintesis Nanopartikel Ekstrak Kulit Batang Tanaman Kayu Jawa (Lannea Coromandelica) Tersalut Kitosan Hartati; Fitratul Insaniah Rusli; Andi Mu'nisa; Halifah Pagarra
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This study aims to synthesize nanoparticles of Javanese bark extract (Lannea coromandelica) coated with chitosan and characterization of the synthesis results. The extraction of Javanese bark (Lannea coromandelica) was carried out by the maceration method using a 70% ethanol solvent. The bark extract of the Javanese wood plant (Lannea coromandelica) was synthesized to form chitosan-coated nanoparticles using the ionic glassing method and the synthesis results were characterized using X-Ray Difraction (XRD). The results showed that the synthesis of nanoparticles of the bark extract of the Javanese wood plant (Lannea coromandelica) coated in chitosan has a nanoparticle size of 24.9 nm.
Optimalisasi Pengawetan Kurma Tomat Menjadi Serbuk Ekstrak Minuman Guna Meningkatkan Daya Simpan Pangan Nabati Ahmad Mansur; Rudi Prasetyo Ardi; Nina Mistriani
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This research was conducted with a quantitative approach and aims to determine which tomato dates will be used as a basic ingredient in the manufacture of extract drinks. The use of this tomato analyzes the tolerance level of tomatoes to exposure to sugar derivatives (glucose and lactose) on shelf life as processed vegetable foods. Analyzing the antioxidant levels of tomato date extract based on storage time. Analyzing the effect of storage time on the organoleptic quality of tomato date extract. Analyzing the tolerance level of tomato date extract to exposure to sugar derivatives (glucose and lactose) and their impact on organoleptic quality. The results showed that the comparison of tomato date extract powder with various treatments had an effect on the parameters tested, including increasing antioxidants and reducing microbial levels and was also favored by research respondents when organoleptic testing was carried out. It can be concluded that the storage time of tomato date extract powder will increase antioxidant levels and will make the total microbial activity relatively decreased.
Keanekaragaman dan Peranan Serangga Pengunjung pada Tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L) di Kecamatan Kerkap Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara Provinsi Bengkulu Endang Sulaiman; Pariyanto; Apriza Fitriani; Yuni Puspita
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

This study aims to (1) determine the diversity of insects on long bean (Vigna sinensis L) plants, and (2) determine the role of visitor insects on long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L) in Kerkap District, North Bengkulu Regency. The location of this research consists of 4 villages located in Kerkap District, North Bengkulu Regency. This research was conducted in January-February 2022 with a direct survey to the field, while the sampling of insects by purposive sampling. Based on the results of research that has been carried out on long bean plantations (Vigna sinensis L) in Kerkap District, North Bengkulu Regency, it was found that insects belonging to 6 orders, 16 families and 26 species were; orisanthetrum Sabina, Pantala flavescens, Neorothemis fluctuans, Junonia orithya, Junonia coenia, Neptis hylas, Appias albino, Appias olferna, Leptosia alcesta, Nyctemera coleta, Aulacophora foveicollis, Gryllotalpa orientalis, Valbintusskiellus nigristractomacsus , Xenocatantops humilis, Conocephalus melaenus, Nezara viridula, Acanthocephala terminalis, Bothrogonia addita, Leptocorisa oratorius, Vespa tropica, Delta unguiculatum, Xylocopa pubescens. The roles of visitor insects include pollinators, predators, fifophagus and insect pests. The diversity index of visitor insects obtained from 4 villages in Kerkap District was categorized as moderate, namely (H') = 1.084. The results of measurements of ecological factors in long bean plantations (Vigna sinensis L) ranged from 28ºC-37ºC, air humidity ranged from 46 %-69% and light intensity ranged from 1105 Lux-2846 Lux.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Akasia (Acacia auriculiformis) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli Nurul Hidayah; Gaby Maulida Nurdin; Nur Afia Ameliani
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

The increasing of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, which encourages the use of herbal medicines in treating infectious diseases. Acacia auriculiformis leaves are known to have metabolites that can act as an antibacterial agent. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of A. auriculiformis leaves extract against the growth of Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in vitro. This research was conducted by extracting the leaves of A. auriculiformis using ethanol as a solvent. The inhibition test of A. auriculiformis leaf extract was carried out using the well diffusion method. Antibacterial activity was indicated by the presence of a clear zone around the well. The results showed that the leaf extract of A. auriculiformis had the ability to inhibit the growth of Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus with the category of strong inhibition. Leaf extract of A. auriculiformis was not able to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. Phytochemicals screening test showed that A. auriculiformis leaf contains flavonoids and tannins compounds as antibacterial. Therefore, A. auriculiformis leaves extract had the ability to inhibit the growth of Gram positive bacteria but not Gram negative bacteria.
Bakteri Asam Laktat dari Buah Mangga Arum Manis (Mangifera Indica L. Var. Arum Manis) Nur Arfa Yanti; Ardiansyah; Kurnia Yati
Bionature Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Makassar

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Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are bacteria that are widely used in the food sector because they are safe for consumption. The aim of this study was to obtain lactic acid bacteria from the Arum sweet mango (Mangifera indica L. var. Arum sweet). Isolation of LAB was carried out by pour plate method using specific media de Man Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA) + CaCO3. Characterization carried out included colony morphology, cell morphology, catalase test, and motility test. There were five isolates of lactic acid bacteria that were isolated from the mango fruit, namely BAL1.3, BAL2.1, BAL3.2, BAL4.2 and BAL5.2. The five LAB isolates had the same characteristics as the key LAB characters, namely bacillus (stem) cell shape, Gram positive, non-motile, no endospores and catalase negative. The five LAB isolates were indicated as members of the genus Lactobacilllus.

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