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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi
Published by Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
ISSN : 23033142     EISSN : 25488570     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Computer Science & IT Education
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi(JST) is a journal aims to be a peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on Mathematic, Biology, Physic, Chemistry, Informatic, Electronic and Machine as well as related topics. All papers are peer-reviewed by at least two referees. JST is managed to be issued twice in every volume.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 648 Documents
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Interactive Digital Media Based on Ispring Suite 11 to Improve Science Literacy of Elementary School Students Pinasti, Rahma; Pratiwi Kartika Sari
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.75772

Abstract

There are still a few engaging and interactive digital media to help students improve their scientific literacy and address students' low understanding of basic scientific concepts. This study aims to develop interactive digital media based on the iSpring Suite 11 to improve students' scientific literacy in Natural Sciences (IPAS) learning in grade IV of elementary school. The interactive learning media developed in this study presents IPAS material with multimedia features such as audio, quizzes, animations, and simulations. This type of research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the Hannafin & Peck development model (Needs assessment, Design stage, Development and Implementation). The three phases are connected to evaluation and revision activities. The validation results of material experts are 94%, language experts 80% and media experts 95% with a very valid category. The effectiveness test of the learning device shows high results, namely 92% for small group trials and 96% for large group trials. The results of the pretest and posttest showed a statistically significant increase in scientific literacy, based on the normality test (significance value > 0.05) and the T test (significance value < 0.05). The conclusion of this study, innovative and interactive digital media based on Ispring Suite 11, is valid, practical, and effective for improving the scientific literacy of elementary school students is an alternative solution for innovative, interactive media and supports the learning needs of the 21st century. Further research recommendations are developing learning media based on Ispring Suite 11 by exploring new features for students at the next level.
PERSEBARAN LOGAM Pb DALAM AIR TANAH DI SEKITAR AREA PENIMBUNAN ABU BATU BARA PADA LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG KOTA SAWAHLUNTO Harian, Dedi; Indah, Shinta; Nur, Ansiha
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.84442

Abstract

Fly ash and bottom ash (FABA) in Sawahlunto City are backfilling materials for former mining areas. The FABA dumping is estimated to hurt groundwater. This study aims to analyze the concentration of Pb metal in groundwater and its distribution using response surface methodology. This study is a quantitative experimental field research using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The research subjects involved were groundwater samples from four different points around the fly ash and bottom ash (FABA) dumping location in Sawahlunto City. The data collection method was carried out by taking groundwater samples three times consecutively with a three-week interval, following the procedures of SNI 6989.58: 2008 and SNI 6989-84: 2019. Data analysis methods included ANOVA and RSM tests in the SAS platform. The research findings showed that the groundwater at the study location did not meet drinking water quality with a Pb concentration of 0.144 mg/L exceeding the quality standard (0.01 mg/L). The accumulation of FABA in former mining areas pollutes groundwater with Pb parameters. The distribution pattern of Pb decreases with increasing distance and increases with increasing time. Therefore, the government needs to re-evaluate the implementation of FABA utilization as a filling material for former mining areas. The implications of this study indicate the need to re-evaluate the practice of FABA disposal in mine pits, as improper waste disposal will negatively impact groundwater quality.
A Green Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles with Moringa Oleifera Leaf Extract as Methylene Blue Absorbent Watuna, Monica Ananda; Dwandaru, Wipsar Sunu Brams; Suparno
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.92270

Abstract

This research is motivated by the high content of methylene blue dye waste in waters, which is difficult to overcome with conventional methods. In addition, not many studies develop environmentally friendly methods based on natural materials such as Moringa oleifera leaf extract to synthesize effective absorbent nanoparticles. This study aims to conduct green synthesis of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) using Moringa oleifera leaf extract. In addition, another objective is to test the absorption ability of Fe₃O₄ NPs towards methylene blue dye. The method used in this study is experimental. The experiment began with synthesizing Fe3O4 NPs through green synthesis and their characterization using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, and PSA. Next, an absorption test of Fe₃O₄ NPs was carried out against methylene blue solutions with variations in mass of 1 g, 2 g, and 3 g. The results showed the formation of Fe3O4 NPs based on the characterization results of Fe3O4 NP samples. XRD showed no sharp peak at 2 angle indicating that the material structure is amorphous. PSA analysis confirmed the presence of nano-sized material of 196 nm, as much as 34.7%. The FTIR spectrum showed the presence of C–H, C–O, C–C, and C–N functional groups, indicating the success of green synthesis. In addition, the presence of Fe–O functional groups in the range of 570–580 cm¹ also supports the formation of NPs. The results of the UV-Vis test of methylene blue solution that had undergone absorption by NPs showed a significant decrease in sample absorption along with the increase in NP mass, which was reinforced by a visual change in the color of the solution, which became clearer. In conclusion, the synthesis of Fe₃O₄ NPs through green synthesis can be an effective and environmentally friendly method for dye waste treatment. This research has important implications in developing environmentally friendly technologies for handling dye waste in waters, because it shows the potential for utilizing abundant and inexpensive natural materials as reducing agents and stabilizers for pollutant-absorbing nanoparticles.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOSELULOSA DARI AMPAS TEBU HITAM (Saccharum officinarum L.) Widihati, Ida Ayu Gede; Asih, Ida Ayu Raka Astiti; Juniari, Tjokorda Istri Trisna
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.92363

Abstract

Selulosa yang keberadaannya melimpah dalam ampas tebu potensinya dapat ditingkatkan dengan modifikasi  ukuran partikel hingga nanometer, yang disebut nano selulosa. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen laboratoris yang bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan mengkarakterisasi nanoselulosa dari ampas tebu hitam (Saccharum officinarum L.) sebagai upaya pemanfaatan limbah biomassa menjadi material fungsional bernilai tinggi. Metode sintesis nanoselulosa dalam penelitian ini mengkombinasikan metode kimia dengan hidrolisis asam (H2SO4) 1 % (v/v) dan mekanik dengan ultrasonikasi selama 120 menit. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel ampas tebu hitam yang diperoleh dari limbah hasil penggilingan tebu di pabrik pengolahan lokal, yang kemudian diambil secara purposif sebagai bahan utama untuk diekstraksi nanoselulosanya. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi spektrofotometer FTIR, difraktometer sinar-X (XRD), mikroskop elektron (SEM/TEM), serta analisis termogravimetri (TGA/DTG) untuk mengamati struktur kimia, kristalinitas, morfologi, dan stabilitas termal nano selulosa. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan membandingkan parameter hasil karakterisasi terhadap standar nanoselulosa yang telah diketahui dalam literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa metode kombinasi menghasilkan partikel nano berukuran antara 44,42 – 184,7 nm, potensial zeta sebesar -29,41 mV, kristalinitas 33,7%, luas permukaan spesifik sebesar 88,0842 m2/g, dan daya adsorpsi terhadap metilen biru sebesar 23,7435 mg/g.  Metode ini dibuktikan mampu lebih efektif dan efisien dalam mensintesis nanoselulosa. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan metode kombinasi dalam proses sintesis nanoselulosa menghasilkan nanoselulosa dengan tolakan elektrostatik lebih kuat, permukaan yang luas, derajat kristalinitas meningkat, dan keberadaan gugus fungsi serta struktur kristal yang tidak berubah.
A Comparative Analysis of Eight Machine Learning Models for Climate Change Sentiment Analysis Anhsori, Khusman; Shidik, Guruh Fajar
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.92672

Abstract

Climate change is the long-term shift in weather patterns from the tropics to the polar regions. This global threat is starting to materialize and is putting pressure on many industries. This study aims to test and compare the performance of eight machine learning models in classifying sentiment related to climate change to find the most accurate and effective model. Thousands of people share their thoughts daily through tweets on the popular microblogging platform Twitter (X). Twitter (X) is a fantastic source for information about public opinion and perceived risks of problems. One of the hot topics being discussed on Twitter is climate change. Climate change is a well-known and rapidly growing topic of study in sentiment analysis in NLP and text classification. This study used LR, SVM, XGB, DT, RF, NB, KNN, and GBM algorithms to examine the issue of climate change. The dataset was obtained from Kaggle and grouped into four sentiment polarities: "News," "Pro," "Neutral," and "Anti," which were then divided into 80% training data and 20% testing data. SMOTE was used to handle imbalanced data in the sentiment polarity classes. With an accuracy of 73.92%, an F1-Score (Macro) of 0.645, and an F1-Score (Weighed) of 0.727, the SVM-Linear algorithm outperformed all algorithms used in the study. In conclusion, the BERT model provides the highest accuracy in classifying climate change-related sentiment compared to the other seven models. This implication provides a scientific basis for selecting the most accurate and efficient machine learning model for detecting public sentiment related to climate change, thus supporting more responsive environmental policymaking.
Design Concept of Airboat Based Water Hyacinth Cutting Vessel Adullah, Kharis; Sumardiono; Herijono, Boedi
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.95121

Abstract

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a fast-growing aquatic plant, floats on the surface of the water and is often considered a weed because it can cover the water surface, inhibit photosynthesis, reduce oxygen levels, clog airways, and disrupt human activities such as fishing, transportation, and irrigation. Therefore, an effective tool is needed to clean waters filled with water hyacinth. This study aims to design a water hyacinth cutting tool concept based on an airboat. In this study, a master design approach method is used to obtain an airboat design quickly and efficiently. The research subjects involved are the airboat structure design, including the hull shape and propulsion system, and ship stability calculations. The data collection method in this study involves a literature study of previous technical references, empirical data from similar ships, and the technical parameters of the engine and hull structure. Data analysis was carried out using marine engineering calculation methods. The study results show that the resulting airboat design meets the stability criteria according to IMO (International Maritime Organization) standards, and general arrangements can be produced quickly. Through this research, we can create innovative and applicable solutions to the water hyacinth problem, which often disrupts irrigation activities, water transportation, and tourism.
Pengaruh Waktu Radiasi Gelombang Mikro Terhadap Karakteristik Pori Karbon Aktif Kulit Singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Rahmawati; Fajri, Rahmatul; Fadlly, T. Andi; Sari, Nirmala; Annisa, Fera; Husna, Siti Sarah
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.95528

Abstract

Cassava peel waste is a biomass that has not been optimally utilized, even though it has the potential as a raw material for activated carbon. The problems that arise are the low added value of this waste and the need for efficient technology to produce highly porous activated carbon. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in microwave irradiation time on the pore characteristics of cassava peel-based activated carbon. This study uses a quantitative approach with a laboratory experimental design. The research subjects were activated carbon resulting from chemical and microwave activation treatments, with three trial groups, each consisting of one activated carbon sample processed for 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Data collection methods were carried out through characterization using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy instruments. Data were analyzed descriptively and comparatively to observe pore structure development, elemental composition, and optical properties between samples. The results showed that the longer the microwave activation time, the more the porosity and surface structure of the activated carbon developed, with sample AC20 showing the best pore morphology and the highest absorption value. The conclusion of this study indicates that a combination of chemical and microwave-based activation is effective in producing highly porous activated carbon from cassava peels. This research implies that cassava peel waste can be an alternative solution in developing environmentally friendly adsorbent materials for pollutant remediation applications in aquatic environments.
The Influence of Wind Dynamics and Longshore Currents on Shoreline Changes in the Lais Segment, North Bengkulu, Based on Seasonal Variations Supiyati; Ekawita, Riska; Johan, Septi; Dari, Evita Sri Wulan
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.95817

Abstract

Pantai Lais mengalami perubahan garis pantai yang sangat cepat yang disebabkan abrasi dan sedimentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik dinamika angin dan  Longshore  Current, dan pemetaan perubahan garis pantai di segmen Pantai Lais.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif-deskriptif. Subjek penelitian mencakup data oseanografi seperti kecepatan dan arah Longshore  Current, kecepatan angin, serta tinggi dan periode gelombang laut yang diperoleh melalui pengukuran langsung di lima titik pengamatan pada dua musim peralihan. Data yang sudah diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukan perubahan garis pantai di segmen Lais sangat dipengaruhi oleh dinamika angin dan Longshore  Current, dimana angin adalah faktor utama pembangkit gelombang. Ketinggian gelombang laut akan menimbulkan gelombang pecah yang merupakan penyebab terbentuknya Longshore  Current. Ketinggian gelombang laut dan kuatnya energi gelombang menghantam dinding pantai, mengakibatkan pinggir pantai terabrasi. Material terabrasi ini akan ikut terbawa oleh Longshore  Current   sesuai dengan arah gerak arus mengalir, yang kemudian akan menumpuk di daerah yang kecepatan aliran arus lemah atau mengecil, sehingga terjadi sedimentasi. Rata-rata sedimentasi selama 10 tahun terakhir sebesar 10,60 meter/tahun, dengan sedimentasi tertinggi terjadi tahun 2017 sebesar 29,05. Sedangkan rata-rata abrasi selama 10 tahun terakhir 13,03 meter/tahun, dengan abrasi tertinggi tahun 2015 sebesar 20,5 m. Penelitian ini berimplikasi dalam perencanaan zona pesisir, terutama dalam mitigasi erosi pesisir, perencanaan ruang pesisir, dan perlindungan pemukiman serta infrastruktur yang rentan terhadap abrasi.
Pemanfaatan Lumpur Proses Biogas dari Bioremediasi Limbah Pengolahan Kopi dan Eceng Gondok untuk Produksi Kompos Novita, Elida; Tri Ayu Werdiningsih; Pradana, Hendra Andiananta
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.96268

Abstract

Bioremediasi limbah kopi menghasilkan dua jenis luaran yakni biogas sebagai sumber energi dan lumpur berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai kompos. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni mengidentifikasi nilai C/N dan merekomendasikan kompos terbaik dari lumpur hasil bioremediasi limbah kopi dan eceng gondok terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tomat. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dan desain penelitian menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap. Subjek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari lumpur hasil proses biogas yang diperoleh melalui bioremediasi limbah pengolahan kopi dan campuran eceng gondok sebagai bahan utama dalam proses produksi kompos. Sampel eksperimen meliputi beberapa variasi rasio campuran lumpur biogas, eceng gondok, dan bahan pendukung seperti dedak dan aktivator mikroorganisme. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan uji statistik ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lumpur hasil proses biogas dari bioremediasi limbah pengolahan kopi yang dicampur dengan eceng gondok dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai bahan baku kompos. Rasio campuran tertentu menghasilkan kompos dengan kualitas terbaik, yaitu memiliki rasio C/N yang ideal (sekitar 10–15), pH netral, serta kandungan nitrogen dan bahan organik yang cukup tinggi. Kompos yang dihasilkan juga menunjukkan kematangan yang baik ditandai dengan warna gelap, bau tanah, dan tekstur remah. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan limbah organik seperti lumpur biogas dari limbah kopi dan eceng gondok merupakan solusi efektif dalam mengatasi permasalahan limbah agroindustri serta mendukung pertanian organik. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini dapat mendorong pengembangan teknologi pengelolaan limbah berbasis ekonomi sirkular, sekaligus meningkatkan kesadaran petani dan industri terhadap pentingnya pengolahan limbah ramah lingkungan.
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum L.) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Apergillus Niger Dharmadewi, A.A. Istri Mirah; Suryatini, Kadek Yuniari; Rai, I Gusti Ayu; Suanda, I.W.; Wiadnyana, Gusti Agung Gede; Jayantika, I.G.A. Trisna
JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23887/jst-undiksha.v14i2.96348

Abstract

Penggunaan fungisida sintetis sebagai agen antijamur telah banyak dilakukan, namun residunya dapat menimbulkan resistensi pada lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan antifungi berbasis bahan alam yang aman dan efektif menjadi solusi yang yang ramah lingkungan. Daun cengkeh diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti eugenol, flavonoid, dan tanin yang memiliki aktivitas antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun cengkeh dalam menghambat pertumbuhan A. niger. Metode yang digunakan eksperimen dengan rancangan posttest only control group design. Uji aktivitas antijamur dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram pada media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak sebesar 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak berbanding lurus dengan luas zona hambat yang terbentuk. Zona hambat terluas ditemukan pada konsentrasi 30% dengan diameter rata- rata 15,0 mm (sangat kuat). Hasil ini menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun cengkeh memiliki potensi sebagai bahan aktif dalam formulasi biofungisida nabati, yang aman dan ramah lingkungan.

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