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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 97726154     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 906 Documents
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Hubungan Ketepatan Peresepan Obat Anti Hipertensi Terhadap Tekanan Darah Pasien Hipertensi Magdalena Yosefin Saputra; dyah wulan sumekar rw; rasmi zakiah oktarlina
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.604

Abstract

Hypertension is a disease characterized by an increase in a person's blood pressure more than the normal blood pressure threshold. Hypertension is the 3rd most common cause of premature death in the world. This disease is also called the silent killer because most sufferers do not experience specific complaints, but complaints arise after organ abnormalities due to hypertension. Efforts to prevent and treat hypertension can be started with lifestyle changes such as consumption of fruits and vegetables, low consumption of salt and fat, regular exercise, and not smoking. Furthermore, treatment in the form of pharmacological management is also needed to regulate blood pressure so that it does not exceed normal limits. Administration of anti-hypertensive drugs also aims to prevent complications due to high blood pressure. Pharmacological treatment uses antihypertensive drugs such as diuretics, andrenergic blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-inhibitors), angiotensin-II inhibitors, calcium antagonists, direct vasodilators. Achieving the target of therapy in hypertensive patients means that there is a decrease in blood pressure until it reaches normal limits. In patients who receive antihypertensive drug prescriptions correctly, it is assessed that they have a 6 to 13-fold possibility of getting antihypertensive therapeutic effects that are on target compared to patients who receive antihypertensive drug therapy not right.
Obesitas pada Anak : Penyebab dan Konsekuensi Jangka Panjang Ananda Fitriliani; Bayu Anggileo Pramesona; Shinta Nareswari
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.605

Abstract

Obesity in children has reached epidemic levels in both developed and developing countries. Overweight and obesity in childhood are known to have a significant impact on physical and psychological health. Overweight and obese children tend to be obese into adulthood and are more likely to develop non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease at a younger age. The mechanism of obesity is not fully understood and is believed to be a disorder with various causes. In general, overweight and obesity are assumed to result from increased calorie and fat intake. On the other hand, there is supporting evidence that excessive sugar intake through soft drinks, an increase in portion size, and a steady decline in physical activity play a major role in the increase in obesity rates worldwide. Child obesity can greatly affect children's physical, social and emotional well-being, and self-confidence. It is also associated with poor academic performance and a lower quality of life experienced by children. Many comorbid conditions such as metabolic, cardiovascular, orthopedic, neurological, hepatic, pulmonary, and renal disorders have also been seen to be associated with childhood obesity. The growing problem of childhood obesity can be slowed, if society focuses on its causes. Overweight and obesity cannot be solved through individual actions alone. A comprehensive response is needed to create a healthy environment that can support individuals in making healthy choices based on knowledge and skills related to health and nutrition. This response requires government commitment and leadership, long-term investment, and whole-of-society engagement to protect children's right to good health and well-being. Progress can be made if all actors remain committed to working together towards the common goal of ending childhood obesity. This literature review discusses obesity in children by explaining what risk factors influence and long-term consequences for children.
Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana HIV grade III dengan TB paru Benny Syahputra Gumay; Dwiki WIjaya Rahman; Risti Graharti
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.607

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that attacks the immune system, specifically white blood cells called CD4+ cells. HIV continues to be a major global public health problem, claiming 40.1 million lives so far. By 2021, 650,000 people will die from HIV-related causes and 1.5 million people will contract HIV. HIV destroys CD4+ cells, thereby overcoming a person's immunity against opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis, yeast infections, bacterial infections, and some cancers. Case report of a 29 year old man, came with complaints of shortness of breath since 3 days before entering the hospital. Complaints are accompanied by a long cough, weakness, cold sweats at night, loss of appetite, and weight loss. The serological examination showed HIV reactive results and the chest X-ray showed the impression of active pulmonary TB. The diagnosis established was HIV grade III with clinically diagnosed pulmonary TB, after which the patient was given HIV treatment with co-infected pulmonary TB.
Sindrom MELAS: Kelainan Genetik Mitokondria Muhamad Fathurrahman Zain; Kevin Jeremia Purba; Delisa Mutiara Nabila; Takhfa Nur Asyifa; Rani Himayani
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.609

Abstract

MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) is an inherited mitochondrial genetic disorder. Paternal mitochondria are present only in the sperm tailpiece due to a mutation in the tRNA in the mitochondrial gene MTTL1. MELAS is the most common mitochondrial disease with an incidence prevalence of 1 in 4000. MELAS syndrome is a multi-organ disease with a wide variety of manifestations including stroke-like episodes, dementia, epilepsy, lactic acidosis, myopathy, recurrent headaches, hearing loss, diabetes, and short stature. Individuals with the MELAS syndrome often present with more than one initial clinical manifestation. The diagnosis can be made with Hirano’s criteria for MELAS. The diagnostic criteria for MELAS must include the following events: (1) signs of encephalopathy, often with dementia and seizures, (2) episodes similiar to stroke (stroke-like episodes) in young age, and (3) biochemical evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction such as lactic acidosis or RRF in muscle biopsy. There is no specific treatment for MELAS syndrome, but most of the treatment for MELAS is symptomatic and involves multidiscipline such as neurologists, cardiologists, endocrinologists, audiologists, ophthalmologists, physical and occupational therapy and psychology, considering that MELAS syndrome can cause dysfunction of several organ.
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh terhadap Volume Oksigen Maksimal (VO2max) Mahasiswa Tingkat Pertama Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung Salma Khairunnisa; Dewi Nur Fiana; Helmi Ismunandar; Khairun Nisa Berawi
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.610

Abstract

Maximum oxygen volume (VO2max) is the maximum oxygen uptake during exercise. People with good fitness have higher VO2max value ​​and can perform activities more vigorously than those with poor fitness. Body mass index (BMI) is one of the body composition factors that affect VO2max. VO2max can be measured through various methods, one of which is the Balke test. This study aims to determine the relationship of body mass index to VO2max in the first grade students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung. This research is a correlative analytic study with a cross-sectional approach using primary data which was conducted in one meeting in November 2022. The data is obtained using measuring body mass index (BMI) first, and followed by measuring VO2max using the Balke test method. This study uses sample of 39 batch 2022 male students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung who have previously passed the inclusion and exclusion criterias. The result in this study indicates that there is a significant relationship between body mass index and VO2max in the first grade students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung. In this study, the p value is <0.001 and the correlation coefficient is -0.812, which means that there is a very strong negative correlation between variables. This negative correlation relationship indicates that the higher the body mass index (BMI) will result in lower individual VO2max values, and vice versa.
Hubungan Rinitis Alergi dengan Kejadian Asma Bronkial Dinni Istiqomah; Mukhlis Imanto
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.611

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for asthma.  The development of asthma is generally more common in patients with allergic rhinitis.  This is in accordance with epidemiological data which states that there has been an increase in cases of allergic rhinitis accompanied by asthma globally.  Allergic rhinitis and asthma are both mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE).  The correlation between nasal airflow obstruction in allergic rhinitis sufferers and lung airflow obstruction due to the inflammatory process that occurs in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis and asthma sufferers can be determined by observing the nasal airflow and bronchial airflow.  The diagnosis of asthma can be known by measuring the Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second Percent (FEV1%) value.  In allergic rhinitis patients, a decrease in FEV1% was found and reversibility was found after a bronchodilator test.  Such reversibility is associated with long duration (chronic) allergic rhinitis and early bronchial airflow limitation.  This 1% decrease in FEV and reversibility suggest the presence of BHR, especially in persistent and moderate-severe allergic rhinitis patients.  Duration and type of sensitization (allergen) were identified as early prognostic markers of BHR involvement in allergic rhinitis patients.  Knowing the FEV1% value in allergic rhinitis sufferers is expected to be a preventive measure for the occurrence of asthma.
Distribusi dan Situasi Vaksinasi COVID-19 Letifa Rahmadani; rasmi zakiah oktarlina; agustyas tjiptaningrum
Medula Vol 13 No 2 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i2.618

Abstract

Developing a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine and getting it into people's hands is a global priority that can bring hope for ending the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the application of this vaccine can differ between countries. This study takes a close look at vaccination policies, vaccination plans, and their implementation in Indonesia which may be relevant to other developing countries. Supply constraints are one of the problems faced by developing countries, including Indonesia, especially at the beginning of the vaccination period due to relatively low coverage of vaccination plans. Limited supply from producers is one of the biggest challenges in the initial vaccination period. The plan to procure early vaccinations in Indonesia will allow Indonesia to obtain more vaccine supplies over time to cover sufficient populations to acquire immunity. Apart from the importance of vaccination distribution, the willingness of individuals to receive the COVID-19 vaccine is a major challenge in many countries. However, the demand for a COVID-19 vaccine is relatively high among the world's general population. However, skepticism is a major obstacle to efforts to control the current pandemic. To promote the equitable distribution of vaccines, it is necessary to ensure that levels of price, access and acceptance are independent of available resources among individuals and countries. This can be achieved by raising awareness about the health-protective impact of vaccines among all citizens. The issue of vaccine distribution has become critical and a significant challenge in dealing with COVID-19, a global epidemic that has turned into a national disaster. Therefore, this must be addressed immediately because it can directly increase cases of COVID-19. This literature review discusses the distribution of vaccines and the problems encountered during the process.
Hubungan Antara Asupan Imunonutrisi dengan Status Imunitas Pascapandemi COVID-19 Anisa Maulidia; dian isti anggraini; sutarto
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.622

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic was announce by World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The disease first appeared in Wuhan, China, and continued to spread to various countries around the world starting in December 2019. To reduce the spread of COVID-19, the Indonesian government implemented the Restriction of Community Activities (PPKM), which had an impact on various aspects of life, including health and the economy. After the reduction in morbidity of COVID-19, Indonesian President officially lifted the PPKM status on December 30, 2022. The government and all aspect work together to improve the post-pandemic situation. Until now, no drug has been found that can specifically cure COVID-19. This infection is the same as other viral infections, which have a self-limiting nature with the speed of recovery being influenced by the individual's immune status. Immune status is a condition of the immune system that protects a person's body from exposure to foreign objects. Factors that can affect the immunity status are age, intake of immunonutrition, hormones, and exposure to infection. Immunonutrition consists of certain nutrients that can help the immune system. This article is a literature review compiled to determine the relationship between immunonutrition intake with immunity status post-COVID-19 pandemic. The literature sources used in this article use national and international scientific articles that have been published in 2013–2022. There’re many impact of COVID-19 pandemic such as economic decrease that decrease purchasing power, including in the purchase of food. That’s all can cause the decreasing of immunity status.
Obstruksi Intestinal akibat Infeksi Ascaris lumbricoides Avisa Jinan Azura; betta kurniawan; risti graharti
Medula Vol 13 No 1 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i1.626

Abstract

Obstructive ileus or intestinal obstruction is a serious abdominal condition that requires immediate action. One of the causes of obstruction is the presence of a foreign body in the form of the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides. Ascaris lumbricoides infection is a disease that is still widely experienced, especially in children in developing countries. The prevalence of worms in Indonesia has a fairly high range, between 2.5% -62%. Complications in the form of obstructive ileus if not managed can cause death. Intestinal obstruction due to Ascaris lumbricoides can occur when there are many worms, namely more than 60 individuals. This infection is often asymptomatic, but symptoms that often arise are gastrointestinal system disorders such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Symptoms of obstruction may include vomiting, abdominal distention, increased bowel sounds, darm steifung, darm contour, collapse of the ampulla recti. The initial examination that can be done is in the form of a complete stool examination and abdominal ultrasound to see the presence of worms in the intestine. Management in the form of administering anthelmintic drugs, intestinal decompression using a nasogastric tube, or surgery can be performed.
HUBUNGAN LAMA MENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DAN KADAR GULA DARAH DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 Nanang Priambodo; Rina Kriswiastiny; Dita Fitriani
Medula Vol 13 No 2 (2023): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v13i2.386

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder with a marked high level of glucose in the blood. Diabetes mellitus can affect the quality of life of patients because diabetes mellitus will accompany a lifetime of patients with diabetes mellitus, if the treatment done to patients with diabetes mellitus is not appropriate. to determine the relationship between long-suffering from diabetes mellitus and blood sugar levels with quality of life in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. this research uses observational analytical method and with cross sectional approach. based on the results of this study found that the most respondents who have a good quality of life is from the old group suffering from Type 2 diabetes mellitus >10 years as many as 31 (55.4%) respondents, and from the group of blood sugar levels 140-200 mg/dl sebnyak 29 (56.9) respondents. there is a relationship between long-suffering from Type 2 diabetes mellitus with quality of life with the results of p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05). It is known that there is a relationship between blood sugar levels and quality of life with the results of p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05).

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