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Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25032178     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research (JBTR) is an open access, international peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on: clinical medicine, molecular medicine, tropical medicine, infectious diseases, cardiovascular medicine, molecular biology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, biochemistry, and pharmacotherapy with particular interest on the link between clinical and basic research called translational research.
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Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026" : 10 Documents clear
The Role of NMDA, GLUR4, NF-κB, and Nrf2 in Glaucoma Pathophysiology: Evidence from Wistar Rat Model Maharani, Maharani; Kartasasmita, Arief Sjamsulaksan; Rahmi, Fifin Luthfia; Rachmawati, Banundari
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.30645

Abstract

Background: Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder involving retinal ganglion cell loss. Elevated intraocular pressure activates the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and Glutamate Receptor 4 (GluR4), inducing oxidative stress via the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and triggering antioxidant responses through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway, which contributes to disease progression and informs therapeutic insights.Objective: To explore NMDA, GluR4, NF-κB, and NRF2 roles in glaucoma pathophysiology and identify therapeutic targets using Wistar rat models.Methods: This experimental research was conducted using a post-test-only control group design. Fourteen male Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n = 7). The glaucoma group underwent episcleral veincauterization (EVC) to induce a high intraocular pressure (IOP), whereas the control group remained untreated. Four weeks after EVC, evaluations included the expression of NMDA, GluR4, NF-κB, and NRF2 receptors. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value < 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using a parametric independent t-test and a Mann-Whitney U test.Results: The mean NMDA expression was significantly higher in the glaucoma group (14.50 ± 4.23) compared to the control group (7.74 ± 3.24, p=0.006). Similarly, the mean GluR4 expression was elevated in the glaucoma group (10.77 ±2.40) compared to the control group (3.03 ± 4.05, p = 0.012). The mean NF-κB expression was 14.96 ± 4.87 in the glaucoma group, significantly higher than 6.72 ± 1.84 in the control group (p = 0.003). Conversely, the mean NRF2  expression was significantly lower in the glaucoma group (3.98 ± 1.10) than in the control group (7.18 ± 1.61, p < 0.001).Conclusion: The study highlights significant changes in all four variables, where NMDA, GluR4, NF-κB expressions were higher, and NRF2 expression was lower
Rapid PCR-RFLP Screening of CYP21A2 Variants: Bridging Molecular Diagnostics in a Low-Resource Setting Larasati, Irene Astrid; Maharani, Nani; Utari, Agustini; Winarni, Tri Indah
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.30107

Abstract

Background: The 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) accounted for the majority of autosomal recessive inherited congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) cases. A genetic test could offer a more thorough diagnostic approach because of the wide range of disease’s severity, but it was challenging in a resource-limited setting.Objective: To apply a simple and cost-effective rapid molecular screening for detecting the most common CYP21A2 variants causing salt-wasting (SW) CAH.Methods: DNA extraction was conducted using a salting out method from a venous blood sample taken from 49 CAH patients without prior genetic testing. A PCR-RFLP approach was utilized using primer sets specifically designed to anneal to the CYP21A2. Specific restriction enzymes were selected to cleave the DNA sequence, differentiating the wild and mutant type, i.e, the p.Arg357Trp, p.Gln318Ter, IVS2-13A/C>G, and exon 6 cluster. Samples positive for those mutation types detected from DNA sequencing, used as positive controls.Results: The most common variant was IVS2-13A/C>G, detected in 26 out of 27 patients. Only 6.1% of 49 patients were found to have the p.Gln318Ter variant. Both the p.Arg357Trp and exon 6 cluster carried inconclusive results. All patients detected with the IVS2-13A/C>G and p.Gln318Ter had a phenotype of SW CAH.Conclusion: The PCR-RFLP was an advantageous method for identifying CYP21A2 variants in a low-resource setting. Nevertheless, the use of multiplex ligation-probe dependent amplification (MLPA) and Sanger sequencing offered a comprehensive analysis to discover novel variants that could help with patients' diagnosis and treatment.
Anti-Inflammatory and Photoprotective Potential of Clitoria ternatea Extract in Mitigating UV-B-Induced IL-1β Elevation Damayanti, Galih Sari; Kresnantio, Febryan Fadhil; Mahadewa, Narendra Lintang; Nursyafillah, Rizki Noval; Fany, Alfa Sofia
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.31148

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Global climate change has escalated ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, contributing to skin aging and damage. Ultraviolet radiation, especially UV-B, is a known inducer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which trigger inflammation and accelerate photoaging by increasing IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels. Clitoria ternatea, or butterfly pea, contains bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids and anthocyanins, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of C. ternatea extract cream on serum IL-1β levels in UV-B-induced Wistar rats, exploring its potential in reducing photoaging and promoting skin health.Methods: True experimental study with post-test only control group design involving male Wistar rats for 30 days. The rats were divided into four groups: negative control with placebo (base cream) and treatment groups given 2.5%, 5%, and 10% C. ternatea extract cream, with UV-B induction applied for 30 minutes, three times per week. IL-1β were evaluated using ELISA Rat IL-1 kit.Results: Significant differences were observed between the negative control and extract-treated groups. The lowest IL-1β levels were recorded in the 2.5% and 5% extract groups (p<0.001), indicating a strong anti-inflammatory effect. The findings suggest that C. ternatea extract cream, especially at 2.5% and 5% concentrations, effectively reduces IL-1β levels in UV-B-induced Wistar rats. The bioactive compounds in C. ternatea, such as anthocyanins and flavonoids, may inhibit ROS production and inflammation pathways. This study demonstrates that C. ternatea extract cream can reduce IL-1β levels, potentially mitigating UV-induced skin damage.Conclusion: The C. ternatea extract’s anti-inflammatory properties make it a promising candidate for skincare products aimed at reducing photoaging. Further studies are recommended to explore the effects of higher concentrations and long-term applications in clinical settings. Keywords: Clitoria ternatea extract, IL-1β modulation, antiphotoaging, photoprotective agents, herbal skincare.                                                   
Comparison Clinical Outcomes of Sepsis Caused by Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) and Non-MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae Fadrian, Fadrian; Ahmad, Armen; Linosefa, Linosefa; Simanjuntak, Rohayat Bilmahdi; Putri, Vidola Yasena
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29019

Abstract

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen causing sepsis and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), particularly extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing K. pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP), has limited antimicrobial therapy options and may worsen clinical outcomes such as mortality and length of hospital stay (LOS). Objective: This study aims to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of sepsis caused by multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae and non-resistant strains, focusing on mortality and LOS.Methods: An observational analytical study with a cohort design was conducted at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital in Padang from October 2024 to January 2025. Subjects diagnosed with sepsis due to pneumonia and confirmed positive for K. pneumoniae through blood or respiratory cultures were included using consecutive sampling. Isolates were categorized into MDR (ESBL-KP and CRKP) and non-MDR. Clinical data were analyzed descriptively to described subject characteristics, while bivariate analysis (chi-square and independent t-test) evaluated associations between resistance profiles and outcomes, focusing on mortality and LOS (p < 0.05). Results: Of the 70 subjects, 39 (55.7%) had confirmed infection with MDR strains and 31 (44.3%) with non-MDR.Mortality was highest in the CRKP (56.5%), followed by non-MDR (38.7%) and ESBL-KP (25.0%). Statistical analysis revealed a notable association between the resistance profiles of K. pneumoniae and mortality (p < 0.001 for both CRKP and ESBL-KP vs non-MDR). However, there were no statistically significant differences in mean hospital LOS across the groups (CRKP: 16.30 ± 9.81 days; ESBL-KP: 13.63 ± 9.77 days; non-MDR: 16.06 ± 9.49 days; all p > 0.05). Conclusion: Sepsis caused by multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae, including both ESBL and CRKP, is significantly associated with increased mortality. Early identification and appropriate antimicrobial management are essential to improve subject outcomes. 
Wound Healing Potential of Apium graveolens L. Extract through IL-1 Suppression and PDGF Upregulation Apriliana, Harvina Dwi; Setiawan, Eko; Chodidjah, Chodidjah
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29139

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Incised wounds from sharp objects disrupt skin function and risk infection. Healing involves cytokines like IL-1 and growth factors like PDGF. Celery leaf extract (Apium graveolens L.), rich in flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, shows anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effects that may lower IL-1 and boost PDGF.Objective: To evaluate the effect of celery leaf extract cream on IL-1 levels and PDGF expression in male Wistar rats with incised wounds.Methods: This in vivo experimental study employed a post-test only control group design. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: healthy control, negative control (cream base), positive control (10% povidone iodine), 2% celery extract cream, and 4% celery extract cream. Incised wounds were made on the rats’ backs, and the cream was applied once daily for 7 days. IL-1 levels were analyzed using ELISA, while PDGF expression was measured using qRT-PCR. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05).Results: The lowest mean IL-1 level in the treatment groups was found in the 4% celery extract cream group (5.80 ± 1.19 ng/mL), while the highest was in the povidone iodine group (6.77 ± 0.51 ng/mL). The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference among all groups (p=0.009). The highest mean PDGF expression was observed in the 2% celery extract cream group (3.10 ± 3.18), followed by povidone iodine (2.53 ± 4.37), whereas the 4% celery extract cream group had a value of 0.57 ± 0.66. However, the differences among groups were not statistically significant (p=0.279).Conclusion: Administration of celery leaf extract cream reduced IL-1 levels in the treatment groups; however, the increase in PDGF expression did not show significant differences among the Wistar rat incisional wound model groups.
Approach to Suspected Li-Fraumeni Syndrome: A Case Report in Genetic Counseling and Multidisciplinary Management Gozali, Juliana; Widjaja, Sry Suryani; Tanaka, Tanaka; Sufida, Sufida; Sitorus, Esther Reny Deswani; Jayalie, Vito Filbert; Chandra, Hendrick; Risfandi, Marsal; Nasution, Perthyan Aulia; Faradz, Sultana
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29571

Abstract

Background: Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome resulting from germline mutations in the TP53 gene on chromosome 17p13. It significantly increases the risk of various early-onset cancers, making early detection and diagnosis of LFS vital. This study underscores the importance of genetic counseling and multidisciplinary management in addressing the needs of individuals and families affected by LFS and optimizing patient outcomes.Case Presentation: Case report of a 36-year-old male from Murni Teguh Hospital with suspected LFS, characterized by a rare and complex clinical course involving multiple primary tumors, glioblastoma multiforme (GM) and mandibular osteosarcoma (MO). Initial symptoms included a rapidly growing right mandibular mass, following neurological symptoms three months prior. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings supported the diagnosis, with p53 overexpression indicating TP53 mutation. Family history and three generation pedigree revealed multiple early-onset cancers, fulfilling the criteria for suspected LFS.Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of genetic counseling and multidisciplinary management in diagnosing and managing suspected LFS. Proactive cancer surveillance and individualized care strategies are critical to mitigating risks and improving outcomes for patients and families affected by hereditary cancer syndromes.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Tertiary Hospital, South Sumatera, Indonesia Ningtiyas, Salwa Adilah; Saragih, Dinda Azzahrah; Nafisah, Nusyur Azka; Nawawi, Rizki Andini; Rivani, Erizka; Diba, Masayu Farah; Zanaria, Rima
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29335

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes opportunistic and healthcare-acquired infections. Its ability to rapidly acquire antibiotic resistance complicates treatment, prolongs hospitalization, and increases morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, South Sumatera, Indonesia.Methods: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted using data from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and Medical Records Installation of Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang, from May 2022 to April 2023. Data were analyzed univariately and presented through tables, figures, and descriptive summaries.Results: A total of 465 hospitalized patients were found to be infected with P. aeruginosa. Adult patients aged 18–65 years were the most affected (71%). The leading primary diagnoses were diabetic foot ulcer, pneumonia, and sepsis. Most patients were hospitalized for 8–14 days (25.2%). Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed the highest sensitivity to amikacin (94.2%), while the lowest was observed with meropenem and ceftazidime. The resistance profile included 24.7% MDR, 6.7% XDR, 0.9% probable PDR, and 2.4% DTR isolates.Conclusion: P. aeruginosa infections were predominantly found in adult patients with prolonged hospitalization. Amikacin remains the most effective antibiotic, while cefazolin and tigecycline showed poor efficacy. The presence of MDR, XDR, PDR, and DTR strains highlights the urgent need for rational antibiotic use and strengthened antimicrobial stewardship programs. Keywords:Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Hospitalized patients, Antibiotic resistance, Multidrug resistance
Biochemical and Histopathological Effect of Combination Extract Ethanolic Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) in Iron Overload Rat Model Prastiyo, M. Dodik; Rujito, Lantip; Hernawati, Hernawati
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.28945

Abstract

Background: Thalassemia-β patients have erythrocyte damage that requires blood transfusion treatment. Blood transfusion treatment that is undergone has an impact on the condition of iron overload in the body. The condition of iron overload will result in oxidative stress and organ damage that requires additional therapyObjective: aimed to compare the effectiveness of turmeric and kalmegh extract doses against biochemical parameters and histopathological features of iron-induced liver Rattus Norvegicus.Methods: This study used a True-experiment research design with a post-test-only control group. A total of 30 rats were used and divided into six treatment groups, normal, deferiprone drugs, turmeric, and kalmegh extracts 100mg/KgBW, 200mg/KgBW, and 400mg/KgBW. Malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ferritin are used as biochemical parameters and hepatic histopathology is documented.Results: The results showed that there were significant improvements and differences in iron-induced rats.Conclusion: The study also showed that turmeric and kalmegh extracts had similar effects to deferiprone.
Synergistic Effects of Noni and Honey in Ameliorating Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats Fadlilah, Synta Haqqul; Pauzi, Rizqi Yanuar; Muntafiah, Alfi; Silva, Ghea De
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29317

Abstract

Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to rise, posing significant health challenges. T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance and often leads to hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, which increase the risk of complications. Natural products like noni (Morinda citrifolia) and honey have been studied individually for their antidiabetic properties.Objective: This study investigates the combination of noni and honey to regulate blood glucose, improve insulin sensitivity, and enhance antioxidant activity in diabetic models..Methods: The study involved 35 male Wistar rats divided into seven groups, including healthy controls, diabetic controls, and various treatment groups receiving noni fruit juice, honey, or their combinations at different dosages. Type 2 diabetes was induced using streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). Treatments of Noni and Honey were administered via gavage every day for 28 days. Blood glucose and SOD levels were measured using enzymatic assay methods, whereas insulin concentrations were determined through ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay).Results: The combination of noni and honey significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels (p < 0.0001), with the highest reduction observed in the MCH3 group. Insulin levels and HOMA-B were significantly increased, while HOMA-IR was decreased in treatment groups, particularly in MCH3. SOD activity was notably enhanced, indicating improved antioxidant status.Conclusion: The combination of noni fruit juice and honey exhibits synergistic hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects in diabetic rats, with the highest dose (MCH3) showing the most significant therapeutic potential. These findings support the potential use of noni and honey as complementary treatments in managing type 2 diabetes and its associated metabolic complications.
Ramadan Fasting and Anthropometric Parameters: The Role of MC4R rs17782313 Genotype in Adults Semarang, Indonesia Kurniawan, Kezia Yunandra; Yocku, Monica Hermina Sharon Otline; Savitri, Rachmania Anggita; Haq, Arynal; Maharani, Nani; Fulyani, Faizah; Noer, Etika Ratna; Pramono, Adriyan
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29501

Abstract

Background: The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene regulates energy balance and food intake. The rs17782313 variant has been linked to altered homeostasis and eating behavior, and may also affect anthropometric and body composition responses during Ramadan fasting.Objective: To examine the effects of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric parameters, body composition, and macronutrient intake across different MC4R genotypes in adults.Methods: Thirty-five subjects were genotyped and grouped into recessive (TT, n=15) and dominant (TC+CC, n=20) allele carriers. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, dietary intake (SQ-FFQ), and physical activity (IPAQ-SF) were assessed before, during, and after Ramadan. Genetic data for rs17782313 were obtained from a prior investigation. Repeated Measures ANCOVA, adjusted for energy intake and physical activity, evaluated genotype and time effects.Results: The recessive group (TT) showed higher values than the dominant group (TC+CC), with significant differences in body weight, BMI, hip circumference, and visceral fat across all time points (p<0.05). Waist circumference differed significantly during and after Ramadan, while BMR differed only before fasting (p<0.05). Macronutrient intake and physical activity did not differ significantly, although protein and fat intake changes post-Ramadan were notable (p<0.05). A significant time–activity interaction was found for body weight (p=0.041). TT carriers experienced greater anthropometric benefits from Ramadan fasting compared to TC+CC carriers.Conclusion: Ramadan fasting significantly influences anthropometric parameters, body composition, and macronutrient intake across MC4R genotypes. Greater responses were observed in recessive carriers (TT), although fasting outcomes were also shaped by nutrition and physical activity. These findings highlight the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in energy regulation during Ramadan.

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