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MEDISAINS
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
ISSN : 16937309     EISSN : 26212366     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu kesehatan merupakan sarana penyebarluasan ilmu pengetahuan, riset, teknologi dan inovasi dibidang kesehatan yang diterbitkan tiga kali dalam setahun (April, Agustus dan Desember). Jurnal Medisains adalah jurnal peer reviewed dan Open-Access yang dikelola oleh Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto dan di terbitkan dibawah Lembaga Publikasi Ilmiah dan Penerbitan (LPIP) Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto.
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Articles 277 Documents
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Effect of carbohydrate type on small dense low-density lipoprotein levels in patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial Nofia, Vino Rika; Angraini , Siska Sakti; Herlina , Andika; Dewi , Ratna Indah Sari; Ibrahim, Ibrahim; Yusuf , Rahmi Novita
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28554

Abstract

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is closely associated with dyslipidemia, particularly elevated small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL), which contributes to increased atherogenic risk. Evidence from controlled dietary interventions examining the impact of carbohydrate type on sdLDL levels among patients with coronary heart disease in Indonesia remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simple versus complex carbohydrate intake on lipid profiles, with a primary focus on sdLDL levels, in patients with CHD. Methods: A pretest–posttest single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted among 40 clinically stable patients with coronary heart disease at a community health center in Padang City, Indonesia. Participants were randomly assigned to consume either refined white rice (simple carbohydrate) or unrefined brown rice (complex carbohydrate) for four weeks. Lipid profiles were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. Results: The complex carbohydrate group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in sdLDL levels compared with the simple carbohydrate group. Significant improvements in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol were also observed in the complex carbohydrate group, while triglyceride levels did not change significantly in either group. Conclusion: Complex carbohydrate intake resulted in more favorable modulation of atherogenic lipid profiles than simple carbohydrate intake in patients with coronary heart disease. These findings highlight the importance of carbohydrate quality, particularly unrefined rice-based staples, as a complementary dietary strategy in CHD management.
Protective effects of atung (Parinarium glaberrimum) seed extract against streptozotocin-induced pancreatic damage: an in vivo experimental study Manuhutu, Oryza Kenan; Husein, Anggun Lestary; Yuliet Sinanu; Nurul Fadhilah Tamzil; Ayudyaning Pangesti
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28603

Abstract

Background: Hyperglycemia, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, leads to oxidative stress and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia in mice is widely used to model pancreatic injury and evaluate antihyperglycemic agents. Atung (Parinarium glaberrimum) seed extract contains antioxidant compounds; however, its effects on pancreatic histopathology remain unclear. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of atung seed extract on pancreatic histopathology in STZ-induced hyperglycemic mice, focusing on islet diameter and histopathological damage. Methods: Twenty-four male Mus musculus (BALB/c) mice were randomly allocated into six groups: normal control, hyperglycemic control, metformin-treated, and three atung seed extract groups (100%, 75%, and 50%). Hyperglycemia was induced using intraperitoneal streptozotocin (40 mg/kgBW). Treatments were administered orally for 21 days. Blood glucose levels were reassessed on day 22 prior to euthanasia. Pancreatic tissues were collected, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin, and stained with hematoxylin–eosin. Results: Islet diameter differed significantly among groups (p < 0.05). The ASE75 group showed a mean diameter of 133.01 µm and a median damage score of 1 (IQR 0), comparable to the metformin group (146.61 µm; 0.5 [IQR 1]), whereas the hyperglycemic control group showed severe atrophy (89.02 µm; 3 [IQR 0]). Conclusion: Atung seed extract at a 75% concentration effectively preserved pancreatic β-cell structure, as indicated by increased islet diameter and reduced histopathological damage, supporting its potential as a natural antioxidant-based adjuvant therapy for hyperglycemia management.
Protective effects of Gyrinops versteegii leaf ethanol extract on Leydig cells and testosterone under excessive physical activity: an in vivo study Widianti, I Gusti Ayu; Wardana, Nyoman Gede; Widhiartini, Ida Ayu Alit; Pratiwi, Made Sindy Astri; Antari, Ni Wayan Sukma
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28611

Abstract

Background: Excessive physical activity may lead to overtraining syndrome and increased oxidative stress, which can reduce Leydig cell count and testosterone levels. Gaharu (Gyrinops versteegii) leaf ethanol extract contains strong antioxidants that may counteract oxidative damage. However, the effects of excessive physical activity on Leydig cells and testosterone remain unexplored. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Gyrinops versteegii leaf ethanol extract on male reproductive parameters under excessive physical activity conditions. Methods: This experimental study employed a randomized, post-test control-group design. Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal control, excessive physical activity control, and three treatment groups receiving Gyrinops versteegii leaf ethanol extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW. Leydig cell counts and serum testosterone levels were analyzed using ANOVA and correlation tests. Results: The highest Leydig cell count and testosterone level were observed in the 200 mg/kgBW group (28.92 cells and 1.822 ng/mL, respectively). Significant differences in Leydig cell counts were observed among groups (p<0.001), and a positive correlation between Leydig cell number and testosterone levels was observed (p=0.006). Conclusion: Gyrinops versteegii leaf ethanol extract demonstrated protective effects against reproductive impairment induced by excessive physical activity in vivo, with an optimal dose of 200 mg/kgBW.
Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on acute respiratory infection in children aged 36–59 months: a quasi-experimental study Nurhi Kefi Nomenci Babu; Fitriyono Ayustaningwarno; Nuryanto; Nur Afifah , Diana
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28615

Abstract

Background: Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five, particularly in settings with poor nutritional status and sanitation. Moringa oleifera has been recognized for its nutritional and immunomodulatory properties; however, evidence regarding its effect on ARI incidence in undernourished children is still limited. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation on the incidence of ARI among children aged 36–59 months. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a pretest–posttest control group design was conducted from May to July 2025 at Batuputih Public Health Center, South Central Timor District, Indonesia. A total of 40 children were equally allocated into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 15 g/day of moringa leaf powder combined with eggs, vitamin C, and B complex for 60 days, while the control group received the same supplementation without moringa. ARI incidence was assessed based on clinical diagnosis and hematological parameters, including leukocyte, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts. Data were analyzed using appropriate non-parametric and parametric tests, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The intervention group showed a greater reduction in ARI incidence compared with the control group (from 20 to 3 children vs. 20 to 9 children; p = 0.038). Significant changes were also observed in leukocyte levels following supplementation (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation was associated with a reduction in ARI incidence among children aged 36–59 months and may serve as a potential supportive nutritional intervention in high-risk populations.
Early initiation of breastfeeding and immediate skin-to-skin contact are associated with lower hyperbilirubinemia risk in newborns from multifetal pregnancies Khairoh, Miftahul; Kwarta, Cityta Putri
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28781

Abstract

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition and a major contributor to neonatal morbidity, particularly among infants from multifetal pregnancies who are at increased risk due to prematurity and low birth weight. Early initiation of breastfeeding, supported by immediate skin-to-skin contact, may improve neonatal adaptation; however, evidence in multifetal populations within primary healthcare settings remains limited. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the association between early initiation of breastfeeding, supported by skin-to-skin contact, and the incidence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia among newborns from multifetal pregnancies. Methods: An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 90 newborns from multifetal pregnancies at the Pasean Community Health Center, Pamekasan, between January and September 2025. Early breastfeeding initiation was assessed through direct observation, and total serum bilirubin levels were measured within the first 72 hours using spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Early breastfeeding initiation was implemented in 58.9% of newborns, and pathological hyperbilirubinemia occurred in 31.1%. A significant association was observed between early breastfeeding initiation and hyperbilirubinemia (p = 0.003). Newborns who did not receive early breastfeeding initiation had higher odds of developing hyperbilirubinemia compared with those who received it (adjusted OR 6.52; 95% CI: 1.98–21.47), after adjusting for birth weight, gestational age, and mode of delivery. Conclusion: Early initiation of breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of pathological hyperbilirubinemia in newborns from multifetal pregnancies. Strengthening its implementation may provide a simple and effective strategy to improve neonatal outcomes, particularly in primary healthcare settings.
Effect of intradialytic mindfulness-based meditation on spiritual well-being and anxiety in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial Murwani, Wara Gati; Fahrun Nur Rosyid; Dian Hudiyawati
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28905

Abstract

Background: Patients undergoing hemodialysis frequently experience anxiety and reduced spiritual well-being; however, few studies have simultaneously addressed these outcomes using structured mindfulness-based interventions delivered during dialysis sessions. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of intradialytic mindfulness-based meditation in reducing anxiety and improving spiritual well-being among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 58 patients undergoing routine hemodialysis, randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 29) or a control group (n = 29). The intervention group received a 2.5-hour mindfulness training session followed by audio-guided mindfulness practice during the first 15 minutes of hemodialysis sessions, twice weekly for four weeks. The control group rested quietly without guided practice. Anxiety was measured using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS), and spiritual well-being was assessed using the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS). Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests. Results: The intervention group showed a significant increase in spiritual well-being scores (mean change +6.07) compared with the control group (+1.21) (p = 0.021). Anxiety scores significantly decreased in the intervention group (−11.76) compared with minimal change in the control group (+0.69) (p = 0.001). The between-group effect sizes were large (SWB: d = 1.36; anxiety: d = −1.88). Conclusion: Intradialytic mindfulness-based meditation is a feasible and effective complementary intervention that improves spiritual well-being and reduces anxiety among patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Protective effects of black garlic extract on sperm quality and liver histopathology following cigarette smoke exposure: an in vivo experimental study Lisdiana; Amida, Nurul; Susanti , Dwi; Lamondo, Djuna; Basar, Annisa
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.29404

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoke contains numerous toxic compounds that generate reactive oxygen species, leading to oxidative stress that can impair reproductive function and induce liver damage. Natural antioxidants such as black garlic have been reported to possess strong free radical–scavenging properties. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of black garlic extract on sperm quality, liver enzyme levels, and liver histopathology in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods: A randomized post-test-only control group experimental design was used. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: normal control, cigarette smoke exposure, and three treatment groups receiving black garlic extract at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight for 30 days. Sperm concentration, viability, and motility were assessed. Liver function was evaluated using serum ALT and AST levels, and liver histopathology was examined using hematoxylin–eosin staining. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests. Results: Cigarette smoke exposure significantly reduced sperm concentration, viability, and motility and induced hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. Administration of black garlic extract improved sperm parameters and reduced histopathological liver damage, with the most pronounced protective effect observed at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. However, no significant differences were observed in serum ALT and AST levels among groups. Conclusion: Black garlic extract exerts protective effects against cigarette smoke–induced reproductive and hepatic damage, with the most effective dose observed at 500 mg/kg body weight. These findings support its potential as a natural antioxidant for mitigating oxidative damage. Further studies are required to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and identify the active compounds responsible for these effects.
Association of parental feeding style and screen time with overnutrition among toddlers aged 12–36 months: a case–control study Nadhiroh, Aim Matun; Wulandari, Putri Setia; Awwalul Wildatil Qodliyah; Mudlikah, Siti
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28633

Abstract

Background: Early childhood malnutrition, particularly overnutrition, is an increasing public health concern influenced by behavioral factors such as parental feeding style and children’s screen time. However, studies examining the combined role of these factors among toddlers remain limited. Objective: To analyze the association of parental feeding style and screen time with overnutrition among toddlers aged 12–36 months. Methods: A case–control study was conducted among 66 toddlers, comprising 33 children with overnutrition and 33 with normal nutritional status. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing parental feeding style and screen time. Nutritional status was determined using the weight-for-height (W/H) index based on WHO standards. Associations were analyzed using the Chi-square test, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Democratic feeding style showed a protective association with overnutrition (OR=0.12; p<0.001), whereas permissive feeding style increased the risk (OR=5.81; p=0.021). Authoritarian feeding style showed increased odds but was not statistically significant (p=0.105). Screen time and its duration were significantly associated with overnutrition (p=0.039 and p=0.028, respectively). Negative parental perceptions of screen time were associated with lower odds of overnutrition (OR=0.28; p=0.013). Conclusion: Parental feeding style and screen time are significantly associated with overnutrition among toddlers aged 12–36 months. Interventions should focus on promoting responsive feeding practices and appropriate screen time management to support optimal child growth.
Topical Catharanthus roseus gel modulates TNF-α expression and SOD activity in UVB-induced skin: an in vivo experimental study Noviana Gunawan, Gina; Trisnadi, Setyo; Sarosa , Hadi
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.28817

Abstract

Background: Subchronic UVB exposure induces oxidative stress and skin inflammation, characterized by increased TNF-α expression and decreased antioxidant activity, including superoxide dismutase (SOD). Catharanthus roseus contains bioactive compounds with potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties; however, evidence regarding its topical effects on UVB-induced skin damage remains limited. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Catharanthus roseus extract gel on TNF-α expression and SOD activity in UVB-induced skin and to compare the effectiveness of 15% and 30% concentrations. Methods: A post-test-only controlled experimental study was conducted using 30 mice divided into five groups: normal control, negative control, positive control (vitamin E), 15% extract gel, and 30% extract gel. TNF-α expression and SOD activity were measured using ELISA and analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Results: UVB exposure significantly increased TNF-α expression and decreased SOD activity in the negative control group compared with the normal group. Treatment with Catharanthus roseus extract gel improved both parameters. No significant differences were observed between the 15% and 30% concentrations for TNF-α (p = 0.376) or SOD activity (p = 0.237), indicating comparable effects. Conclusions: Topical Catharanthus roseus extract gel modulates TNF-α expression and SOD activity in UVB-induced skin. Comparable effects between 15% and 30% concentrations suggest that the lower concentration may be sufficient to achieve the desired biological response.
Effect of integrated non-pharmacological therapy on second-stage labor duration and neonatal Apgar scores Rosmiarti; Marlin, Riska; Bahriah , Yuli
MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 24 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/medisains.v24i1.29409

Abstract

Background: Childbirth is a physiological process influenced by maternal physical and psychological conditions. A prolonged second stage of labor is associated with increased risks of maternal fatigue, birth canal trauma, and impaired neonatal adaptation. However, evidence regarding structured integrated non-pharmacological interventions during labor remains limited. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an integrated non-pharmacological intervention on second-stage labor duration and neonatal Apgar scores. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January to June 2025 among 60 women with term singleton pregnancies (intervention, n = 30; control, n = 30). Participants were allocated consecutively into two groups. The intervention consisted of Qur’anic recitation, cold compress application, and effleurage massage. The primary outcome was second-stage labor duration, and secondary outcomes were Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes after birth. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and regression analysis, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The intervention group had a significantly shorter second-stage labor duration than the control group (mean difference = −14.4 minutes; 95% CI: −19.2 to −9.6; p < 0.001). Neonates in the intervention group had significantly higher Apgar scores at 1 minute (mean difference = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.41 to 1.19; p = 0.002) and 5 minutes (mean difference = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.88; p = 0.001). Conclusions: An integrated non-pharmacological intervention was associated with shorter second-stage labor duration and higher early neonatal Apgar scores. This multimodal approach may provide a feasible, low-cost supportive strategy for intrapartum care in low-resource settings. Further randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm these findings.

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