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Majalah Obat Tradisional
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14105918     EISSN : 24069086     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
raditional Medicine Journal (Majalah Obat Tradisional), or Trad. Med. J. (ISSN 1410-5918 (print) and ISSN 2406-9086 (online)), is an international scientific journal published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, three times annually. Collaborating with Indonesian Pharmacist Association, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, and we dedicate our journal to researches and development in traditional medicine. The journal receives papers on research laboratory, field research, and case studies of traditional medicine and its constituent, covering research topics including raw materials, cultivation, phytochemical, pharmacological effects and toxicology, formulation, and biotechnology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 552 Documents
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The Effect of Binahong Leaves (Anredera cordifolia Steenis) Extract on Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Creatinine Serum and Renal Histopathology of Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with Diabetes Mellitus Tandi, Joni; Patala, Recky; Towulu, Dessy Gracelia; Lidongi, Putri Marcelita; Handayani, Tien Wahyu; Kanan, Maria
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 28, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.85034

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus on the pancreas that can end up in chronic pancreas failure. Various treatment options to repair pancreas damage due to diabetic nephropathy, one of which is by using Anredera cordifolia leaves. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites in Anredera cordifolia leaves ethanol extract, and to determine the effective dose of Anredera cordifolia leaves ethanol extract in regenerating male white rat kidney cells. This study uses a laboratory experimental method. This study used 30 rats divided into 6 treatment groups, each group consisting of 5 test animals, namely normal group, negative control, positive control, dose of 25 mg/kg BW, dose 50 mg/kg BW, and dose 100 mg/kg bw. The level of histological damage to the renal tubules was observed with HE staining using an Olympus CX23 microscope. The data from the scoring of the level of renal tubular damage were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney test to see the differences between treatments. The results showed that the Anredera cordifolia leaves ethanol extract contained secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins; Anredera cordifolia leaves ethanol extract has an effect on kidney cell repair; Anredera cordifolia leaves ethanol extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw is effective reducing urea and creatinine; with an average decrease of 17.0 and 0.71 mg/dL in repairing kidney cells with an average damage value of 1.
Using Macroscopic, Microscopic, and FTIR Spectroscopy combined with Chemometrics to Authenticate Arabica Coffee from Antbush Fernando, David; Santosa, Djoko; Rohman, Abdul
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.85039

Abstract

Limited coffee stocks, high consumption, export demands, and increasing prices may contribute to counterfeiting. In other countries, including India and Africa, coffee forgery using antbush has been extensively established. Due to its abundance in Indonesia, unscrupulous coffee growers allegedly employ antbush (Senna occidentalis) as an adulterant in coffee to increase commercial earnings. This study aims to authenticate coffee from antbush using macroscopic and microscopic differences and FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. The arabica coffee samples from various regions were oven-roasted to a second crack and milled. The materials were then examined under macroscopic, microscopic, and infrared spectroscopic conditions. The obtained responses were used to monitor the qualitative and quantitative information in the targeted samples. Antbush in coffee samples is successfully identified microscopically by remnants of palisade tissue as well as the structural differences of the endosperm. In addition, FTIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate calibration can accurately estimate the concentration of antbush as adulterants in the target sample. Principle component regression (PCR) provides the best modeling for the relationship between the actual value. FTIR predicted the value of antbush with the lowest RMSEC and RMSEP values of 0.852 and 0.896, respectively, with the coefficient of determination (R2) in calibration and validation models of 0.9996 and 0.9967, respectively. The combination of macroscopic, microscopic, and FTIR spectroscopy offered reliable tools to authenticate arabica coffee from antbush.
Identification of Compounds and Antidiabetic Activities of the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) Leaves using In Silico and In Vitro Approaches Pratama, Binar; Irianti, Tatang; Purnomo, Hari
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 28, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.85748

Abstract

Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is a plant that is vastly cultivated in Indonesia and has anti-diabetic activity. The purpose of this study was to isolate the compounds from the semipolar fraction of yacon leaves, as well as test them in silico and in vitro approaches. In this study, we use maceration for extraction, fractionation with n-hexane and ethyl acetate as solvent, and separation by preparative TLC method. The compounds tested were in silico by molecular docking using plant applications and in vitro by alpha-glucosidase inhibition assay. The difference between the molecular docking scores of an obtained molecule was calculated with Pair T-test methods. The results of the separation of the ethyl acetate fraction yielded a fraction, namely the H fraction. GC-MS analysis and IR spectroscopy showed that the H fraction contained the dominant compound called phthalic acid, di(2-propyl pentyl) ester. The docking score of the phthalic acid di(2-propyl pentyl) ester molecule and the alpha-glucosidase receptor, it is showed lower potency than 1-deoxynojirimycin as an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. The in vitro test results showed that isolate H (IC50 = 130.479 ppm) from yacon leaves was no better than acarbose as an alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibitor because the IC50 value was > 100 ppm.
Activity Test of Cassia alata L. Leaf Extract on Kidney Histopathology Damage Score of Diabetes Mellitus Model Patala, Recky; Praypelisa, Ipa; Tandi, Jony; Utami, Indah Kurnia
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86199

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy is a disease experienced by diabetic patients. In this disease, damage to the glomerulus occurs. The administration of antidiabetic drugs tends to cause unwanted side effects, so there is a need for alternative treatment from herbs, one of which is Cassia alata L. Cassia alata L. leaves have chemical content such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins. Flavonoids reduce blood glucose levels by increasing insulin secretion and mimetic agents, tannins slow carbohydrate digestion and saponins repair pancreatic beta cells and increase glycogen in the liver. This study aims to determine the effect of Cassia alata L. ethanol on the histopathology damage score of male white rat kidney (Rattus norvegicus) induced by streptozotocin. The test animals used were 30 male white rats divided into six treatment groups, each group consisting of five male white rats, namely the normal control group, negative control group, positive control group, treatment group with doses of 500 mg/kg BW, 600 mg/kg BW, and 700 mg/kg BW. The parameters evaluated were kidney tissue damage score and histopathology image analysis. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Cassia alata L. leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The ethanol extract of Cassia alata L. leaves in doses of 500 mg/kg BW, 600 mg/kg BW and 700 mg/kg BW has the activity of reducing the score of kidney tissue damage in male white rats and a dose of 700 mg/kg BW is the best dose in reducing the score of kidney tissue damage in diabetes mellitus models with a score of 2.
Effect of Black Glutinous Rice Fermented Beverage on Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels in Metabolic Syndrome Rats Nafisa, Putri Amalina; Nurwati, Ida; Putranto, Wachid
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86287

Abstract

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) represents a combination of metabolic factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary heart disease (CHD). The high prevalence of MetS results in a significant socio-economic burden. However, current management approaches have limitations, prompting the exploration of functional foods and nutraceuticals as promising alternatives. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the impact of Black Glutinous Rice Fermented Beverage (BGRFB) on Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) concentration in a MetS rat model. Rats were induced with a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA) to induce MetS conditions. BGRFB was administered as a treatment to the MetS rat group. The results showed that the Negative Control (NC) group exhibited a significant decrease in SCFA levels compared to the normal group (N). However, administration of BGRFB to the T2 group resulted in a significant increase in SCFA levels. The SCFA levels in the T2 group were higher but not significantly different from the Positive Control (PC) group treated with metformin. Increasing SCFA production could be an effective strategy in addressing Mets. This study demonstrates the potential of BGRFB as a therapy to enhance SCFA production and improve MetS. The outcomes of this investigation are anticipated to provide insights into novel dietary approaches for MetS management.
Clinical Trial of Bawang Dayak Leaves Capsules (Eleutherine americana) in Active Smokers Wahdaningsih, Sri; Untari, Eka Kartika; Rizkifani, Shoma
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86496

Abstract

Smoking is an unhealthy behavior, particularly for the respiratory system's health due to the free radicals found in cigarette smoke. Eleutherine americana or Bawang Dayak has antioxidant properties which can neutralize the harmful free radicals penetrating the body. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of the stress oxidative biomarkers often applied to identify reactive stress. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Malondialdehyde on active smokers who consumed Bawang Dayak Leaves capsules. This study was a pre and post-test design involving 30 smokers who met the inclusion. The participants consumed 1 capsule containing 400 mg Bawang Dayak leaves extract for 7 days. The subject's blood was taken before and after the consumption of the capsules for MDA examination. The results of this study were that the MDA level between before and after Bawang Dayak capsules consumed statistically significant. Moreover, MDA pre and post-test level respectively were 12.074 nmol/ml and 11.869 nmol/ml. The usage of Bawang Dayak leaves capsules for a week can reduce MDA levels and likely has an antioxidant potential for active smokers.
Analysis of Diclofenac Sodium in Traditional Medicine (Jamu) for Rheumatism in Banjarmasin using TLC-UV-Vis Spectrophotometric Method Syarbani, Syarbani; Lestari, Yulianita Pratiwi Indah; Hayati, Mardia
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86603

Abstract

Jamu is one of Indonesia's most consumed traditional medicines. The government has clearly stated that traditional medicines are strictly prohibited from containing chemicals, both isolated and synthetic. Diclofenac sodium is one of the Non-Steroid Anti Inflammation Drug (NSAID) class drugs that have an effect as a pain reliever and anti-inflammatory, which is also often misused in traditional medicine preparations. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a chemical content of diclofenac sodium contained in the preparation of jamu pegal linu circulating in Banjarmasin using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and to determine whether the validation of the method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer meets the established requirements. The results of qualitative analysis using thin-layer chromatography showed that 4 out of 7 samples identified positively contained diclofenac sodium with an Rf value of 0.825. The results of quantitative testing using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed the acquisition of an r-value of 0.9996, %RSD of 0.97%, % recovery of 95.28%, 92.82%, and 95.48% for the addition of standard solutions of 10 ppm, 15 ppm, and 20 ppm, as well as LOD & LOQ values of 1.1625 ppm and 3.8750 ppm. Based on the analysis results, it can be stated that 4 out of 7 samples of jamu pegal linu circulating in the Banjarmasin area are positive for diclofenac sodium with levels ranging from 10.257 - 18.465 mg/g (1.026% - 1.846%).
Antibacterial Activity of Euphorbia tirucalli against Lactobacillus acidophilus: An In Vitro Study Bang, Vania Christina Budiono; Hapsari, Rebriarina; Kusuma, Ira Anggar
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86604

Abstract

Dental caries is a common oral disease that occurs due to excessive interaction between tooth structure, bacterial biofilm, and glucose. Lactobacillus acidophilus is the main cause of dentin dental caries, which can be prevented using anticaries agents. However, current anticaries agents may cause some side effects. Therefore, there is a need for natural anticaries agents with minimal side effects. Euphorbia tirucalli contains flavonoids, tannins, and saponins that contribute to its antibacterial activity. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of E. tirucalli against L. acidophilus bacterial growth. This was an in-vitro study with a post-test-only control group design, divided into three groups. The positive control group received 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate, the negative control group received aquadest, and the intervention groups received extracts with concentrations of 10 mg/mL, 20 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 40 mg/mL, and 100 mg/mL. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was examined post-treatment using the agar dilution method. The differences in colony growth were analyzed using Cramer's V and Fisher's Exact Test, with p<0.05 considered significant. E. tirucalli extracts showed antibacterial effects against L. acidophilus with a concentration of 40 mg/mL as the MIC. Extract groups with concentrations of 40 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL showed significant differences in L. acidophilus growth compared to the negative control group (p<0.001). The study concluded that E. tirucalli extract has antibacterial activity against the growth of L. acidophilus, with MIC of 40 mg/mL.
Sleep Disorder and its Treatment: From Nature to Laboratory Varshney, Mohit; Saha, Supriyo; Prinsa, Prinsa; Jakhmola, Vikash
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86645

Abstract

Sleep is the natural cellular repair mechanism to improve and restore central neural mechanism, memory, hormonal imbalance, and finally, cell rejuvenation. Sleep disorder is characterized by insomnia, circadian rhythm disorder (CRD), sleep apnea, narcolepsy, parasomnia, and restless leg syndrome (RLS) or periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). Both oversleeping and less sleeping are associated with sleep disorders (SD). Anxiety, schizophrenia, weight loss/gain, hypothyroidism, and oxidative stress are the most common outcomes of SD. There is also a genetic explanation behind circadian rhythmicity, circadian disorder, narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome, fatal familial insomnia, and somnambulism. Excessive work pressure, stress, and consumption of caffeine and alcohol collectively push a person toward sleep deprivation. Anxiety, schizophrenia, weight loss/gain, hypothyroidism, and oxidative stress are the most common outcomes of SD. Adenosine, melatonin, dopamine, serotonin, gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), orexin, and histamine regulate SDs by various pathways. Among natural sources, Centella asiatica, Bacopa monnieri, Acorus calamus, Withania somnifera, Nardostachys jatamansi, Poria cocos is, Valeriana officinalis, Matricaria chamomilla, Lavandula angustifolia, Nelumbo nucifera, Melissa officinalis, Convolvulus pluricaulis, Camellia sinensis, Ziziphus jujube, Datura stramonium, Zhizhipus jujube, Passiflora incarnata, and Moringa oleifera showed remarkable effects on different forms of SDs through GABAA, serotonin, and melatonin receptors. Pramipexole, ropinirole, rotigotine, clonazepam, lorazepam, estazolam, zolpidem, lemborexant, daridorexant, and suvorexant showed its activity in the treatment of SDs as a dopamine agonist, inhibitor of GABAA receptor, dual orexin receptor antagonist, respectively. This article focused on the types of SDs, the effects of SDs on mental health, receptors involved in the sleep cycle, and the impact of natural molecules and synthetic molecules in the management of SDs.
Synergism of Anti-Malarial Effect of Carica papaya L. and Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts in Mice Yusuf, Yenni; Asri, Rangga Meidianto; Go, Rivaldo; Zuhair, Muhammad Naufal; Kaharuddin, Kania Meliani; Parenden, Martrisna Dara Karnia; Saputra, Mesakh Diki; Elim, Diany; Banjar, Muhammad Fadhil; Hartono, Hartono
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.86703

Abstract

Malaria parasites, Plasmodium spp, can develop resistance to anti-malarial drugs. Hence, potential alternative therapeutic agents should be explored. This research aimed to investigate the anti-malarial effect of a combination of Carica papaya and Moringa oleifera leaf extract. Peter’s test performed on Balb/c mice to investigate the malarial parasite growth inhibition. Mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei by intraperitoneal injection to provoke rodent malaria. After infection, we grouped every 5-6 mice into different treatment groups, including a negative control group, a positive control group treated with artesunate, a moringa group, a papaya group, and a combination therapy group. Treatments were initiated 3 hours after infection (day 0) and continued every day until day 3. On day 4, we examined a thin smear of the tail vein blood for parasitemia to calculate the suppression rate. The result shows that the parasite suppression rate of C. papaya leaf extract (CPLE) is 15.02 % (percent parasitemia 4.56±1.96), the suppression rate of M. oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) is 17.32% (percent parasitemia 4.44±1.78) and that of the combination extract (CE) is 28.73% (percent parasitemia 3.82±1.48).  In conclusion, there is a synergism of the anti-malarial effect of the combined leaf extract of C. papaya and M. oleifera.

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