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Majalah Obat Tradisional
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14105918     EISSN : 24069086     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
raditional Medicine Journal (Majalah Obat Tradisional), or Trad. Med. J. (ISSN 1410-5918 (print) and ISSN 2406-9086 (online)), is an international scientific journal published by Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, three times annually. Collaborating with Indonesian Pharmacist Association, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, and we dedicate our journal to researches and development in traditional medicine. The journal receives papers on research laboratory, field research, and case studies of traditional medicine and its constituent, covering research topics including raw materials, cultivation, phytochemical, pharmacological effects and toxicology, formulation, and biotechnology.
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Articles 552 Documents
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Moringa oleifera Leaves Ethanol Extract Inhibits HT-29 Cells and COX-2 Expression Predictably Through PPARγ Activation Tedjo, Aryo; Aprilliyani, Ifana; Kusmardi, Kusmardi; Megawati, Ajeng; Noor, Dimas Ramadhian
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.89037

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death among all cancer cases worldwide. Cancer cells often exhibit overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), producing prostaglandin E2 (PEG2) and subsequent inflammation and neoplasia. Moringa oleifera is rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins, known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of M. oleifera leaves ethanol extract on COX-2 expression in HT-29 cells. Dried M. oleifera leaves (5 g) were ethanol-macerated for 24 hours, yielding a 10 mg ethanol extract. MTT inhibition is used for immunocytochemistry evaluation of COX-2 expression. Molecular docking of phenolic compounds from the extract on PPARγ indicated an agonistic potential. The ethanol extract of M. oleifera leaves demonstrated anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 114.8 µg/ml, with a significant reduction in COX-2 expression observed at a dose of 100 ppm, resulting in an H-score of 111.83 ± 2.21. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) activity is thought to be the first step in suppressing COX-2 expression. Three phenolic compounds found in M. oleifera are predicted to be PPARγ agonists: rutin, naringin, and hesperidin, according to the molecular docking simulations.
Antioxidant Activity of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Puguntano Herbs and Andaliman Fruits by Cuprac Methods Satria, Denny; Dalimunthe, Aminah; Sitorus, Panal; Waruwu, Syukur Berkat; Vadhila, Mumtaz; Wahyu, Muhammad
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.90337

Abstract

Free radical damage to the body can be prevented and repaired using antioxidants. Various natural ingredients native to Indonesia contain antioxidants, which are needed to improve people's health at an affordable cost. Puguntano (Picria fel-terrae) and Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) are natural ingredients that can be used as antioxidants. This research determined the antioxidant activity and differences in IC50 values of hydroalcoholic extracts from Puguntano (Picria fel-terrae Lour) herbs and Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium Fruits). Hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared by maceration using 90%, 80%, 70%, 60% and 50% ethanol. Antioxidant capacity was measured using the CUPRAC method, and quercetin was used as a positive control. The results were showed that the IC50 value for hydroalcoholic extracts of Puguntano herbs (27.02 ± 0.15 µg/mL, 25.94 ± 0.22 µg/mL, 25.12 ±0.15 µg/mL, 22.07 ± 0.23 µg/mL, and 23.86 ±0.18 µg/mL) and for Andaliman fruits (41.65 ± 0.30 µg/mL, 36.59 ± 0.40 µg/mL, 34.13 ± 0.44 µg/mL, 25.46 ± 0.30 µg/mL, 25.39 ± 0.30 µg/mL) respectively and quercetin 2.21 ± 0.02 µg/mL. Hydroalcoholic extracts of Puguntano herbs and Andaliman fruits have antioxidant activity, with each concentration having an IC50 of less than 50 µg/mL. The test sample's antioxidant activity is indicated by its lower IC50 value.
The Hepatoprotective Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaves on Male Wistar Rat Induced Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Bachri, Moch Saiful; Nurani, Laela Hayu; Edityaningrum, Citra Ariani; Ma'ruf, Muhammad; Sulistyorini, Dwi Agustin; Amelia, Rizki; Hidayati, Sholihatil; Sulistyawati, Rini; Guntarti, Any
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.90806

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by uncontrolled increases in blood sugar levels, which can cause complications in the liver. Disorder liver disease can be seen from the increasing SGOT, SGPT activity, and the number of necrosis cells in the liver. Moringa leaves contain the flavonoid quercetin with antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. This research aimed to determine the effect of administering the ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa leaves on SGOT activity, SGPT, and liver histopathology in rat induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Moringa leaves macerated with 80% ethanol and fractionated with ethyl acetate were used. The research subjects were 30 rats divided into six groups. The rats were induced with streptozotocin at a dose of 65 mg/kgBW and nicotinamide 100 mg/kgBW for five days, then treated for ten days. Serum SGOT and SGPT activity were measured using a Microlab 300 Semi-Automated at a wavelength of 340 nm. Histopathological observations were carried out when the rats were dislocated, their livers were taken, and then preparations were made using Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) staining. Data were analyzed using the SPSS One Way ANOVA method, followed by the Tukey test with a confidence level of 95%. The results of the study showed that administration of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Moringa oleifera (EA-MO) could reduce the levels of SGOT, SGPT, and the number of liver necrosis cells in rats induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide.
Antibacterial Activity of Pasak Bumi Stem (Eurycoma longifolia J.) Extract against Salmonella typhi Sirait, Christine; Hanasia, Hanasia; Martani, Natalia Sri; Ysrafil, Ysrafil; Fatmaria, Fatmaria
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.91168

Abstract

Typhoid fever is caused by consuming food or water contaminated with Salmonella typhi. The disease develops from bacterial infection through the consumption of contaminated sustenance and drink. The bacterium can cause bacteremia, which is bacteria living in the blood, penetrating the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine and entering the lymphatic flow. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the potential inhibitory effect of ethanol extracts derived from stems of Eurycoma longifolia (pasak bumi) on the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria. Compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and tannins in pasak bumi stems possessed antibacterial properties. Extracts were made using 96% ethanol at varying concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) with distilled water and chloramphenicol as negative and positive control. The result showed that pasak bumi stem extracts inhibited Salmonella typhi, with increasing efficacy at higher concentrations and statistical analysis reported significant differences between all treatment groups (p<0.001). Average zone diameter was 0 mm and 23.10 mm for negative and positive control, as well as 2.75 mm, 4.10 mm, 5.24 mm, 6.98 mm, and 8.55 mm for 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% extracts, respectively. This study provided verification of antibacterial effects of pasak bumi stem ethanol extracts against Salmonella typhi.
Molecular Networking Analysis and Antibacterial Potential of Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Sinomicrobium sp. PAP.21 using OSMAC Method Harwoko, Harwoko; Rahmawati, Anggun Tri; Riyanti, Riyanti
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.92311

Abstract

Challenges in drug discovery include biosynthetic gene clusters which remain silent under standard laboratory culture conditions. On the other hand, the rediscovery of the known compounds is inevitable. Accordingly, One Strain-MAny Compounds (OSMAC) approach and molecular networking analysis are currently applicable to discovering new bioactive compounds. Sinomicrobium sp. PAP.21 isolated from marine sediment collected in Cenderawasih Bay, West Papua, was added to the culture. Then, the bacterium was cultured in five different liquid media (RL1, A1BFe+C, NB, LB, and seawater) and incubated for 4, 5, and 7 days. The bacterial cultures were extracted using ethyl acetate (EtOAc) separately for each medium and incubation period, followed by LC-HRMS measurement. A total of 45 ethyl acetate extracts were assayed for in vitro antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus and Escherichia coli. Molecular networking analysis through GNPS indicated that three putative compounds possess antibacterial properties. EtOAc extracts from the A1BFe+C medium demonstrated antibacterial activity against M. luteus. However, none of them were active against E. coli. Collectively, Sinomicrobium sp. PAP.21 produced bioactive compounds exhibiting antibacterial potential, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria.
Essential Oil Profiling and Antibacterial Activity of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Originated from Yogyakarta by GC-MS Rahman, Catur Aryanto; Rahmawati, Laily Mega; Santosa, Djoko; Indrasetiawan, Puguh; Purwanto, Purwanto
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.93649

Abstract

As a tropical country, Indonesia has a large diversity of flora and fauna, including numerous medicinal plants. Although herbs are widely used for medicinal purposes, their pharmacological effect often varies. This variability is frequently attributed to differences in the geographical locations where these plants are grown, leading to variations in the content of active metabolites. In this study, the profile of metabolite content in the essential oil of C. xanthorriza rhizomes was cultivated in three different regions in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, namely Mangunan, Ngawen, and Menoreh. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was employed to assess the metabolite content of essential oil. At the same time, antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated using the microdilution method. Results indicated that the rhizome from Mangunan has the highest xanthorrhizol content with a percentage area of 21.07%. The Biplot on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the relationship of compound levels of the three essential oils has no similarity with one another. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration at 50% (MIC-50) values of C. xanthorriza essential oils from Mangunan, Menoreh, and Ngawen regions were lower in inhibiting the growth of E. coli bacteria (1620.78 ppm; 1777.69 ppm; and 1688.39 ppm, respectively) compared to S. aureus bacteria (3080.80 ppm; 3340.14 ppm; and 2869.54 ppm, respectively).
Antioxidant Assay of Kefir Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with Variations in Concentration and Fermentation Time Viogenta, Pratika; Khairunnisa, Amalia; Kartinah, Nani; Rahmadati, Erfiza
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.87814

Abstract

Kefir is a processed beverage produced through pasteurized milk fermentation using a starter from kefir grains. These grains contain groups of lactic acid bacteria and yeast. Peanuts can be used as a raw material for kefir products and Arachis hypogaea L. has antioxidant activity due to a high nutritional content namely vegetable oil, protein, minerals, and essential fatty acids. This study aimed to determine the highest antioxidant activity with variations in concentration and time fermentation of peanut kefir (Arachis hypogaea L.). This research on the antioxidant activity test method used the DPPH method with UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of testing the antioxidant activity of peanut kefir with variations in the concentration of kefir grains of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% had IC50 values of 64.929 ppm, 57.675 ppm, 54.742 ppm, and 51.870 ppm, respectively. The one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference between the IC50 value and the concentration of kefir grains. The highest antioxidant in 3% concentration determined the fermentation time with 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 hours variations. The results of testing the antioxidant activity of kefir peanut with variations in the fermentation time it was had IC50 values of 64.319 ppm respectively, 62.609 ppm, 59.376 ppm, 56.321 ppm, 51.870 ppm, and 51.384 ppm. The one-way ANOVA test results showed no significance in the 0 with 12 hours completion time and 48 with 60 hours. The research results on peanut kefir show that kefir grains of 3% and the duration of fermentation for 48 hours have strong antioxidant activity.
Ursolic Acid and Polydatin in Melinjo Seeds Inhibit AKT1 and GAPDH Protein and HTB-179 Cells Migration Febriansah, Rifki; Julita, Irna
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.88227

Abstract

The incidence of lung cancer in Indonesia by 2020 has reached 34.783 cases. Melinjo contains ursolic acid and polydatin, which can suppress cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis, respectively. This study aims to determine the Melinjo seed ethyl acetate fraction (MSEAF) ability to inhibit lung cancer proliferation and migration towards HTB-179 cells using in vitro and in silico methods. Melinjo seed powder was macerated using 70% ethanol and fractionated with ethyl acetate. The fraction obtained was then analyzed using HPLC to detect the active compounds. The compounds obtained were further analyzed using bioinformatics to determine the target proteins. The docking method was performed between ursolic acid and polydatin compounds with each target protein to determine the binding affinity. The in vitro test was done using the MTT cytotoxicity assay and scratch wound healing assay methods. The results showed that MSEAF contains ursolic acid and polydatin with retention times of 12,475 minutes and 16,564 minutes, respectively. Ursolic acid protein targets were TP53 and AKT1 with docking scores of -6,3 kcal/mol and -7,4 kcal/mol, while polydatin target proteins were GAPDH and VEGFA with docking scores of -8,8 kcal/mol and -5,5 kcal/mol. The results of the MTT assay showed an IC50 value of 35,539 g/mL, and MSEAF inhibited the migration of HTB-179 cells by slowing the migration rate. This study suggested that the MSEAF contained ursolic acid and polydatin, which exhibited the ability to prevent the growth and migration of HTB-179 lung cancer, supported by the prediction of their ability to bind to TP53 and AKT1 proteins.
The Effect of Cocamide Dea on the Characteristics of Ginger and Celery Extract Shampoo Preparations Anastasia, Desy Siska; Septiani, Rahmi; Isnindar, Isnindar
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.88466

Abstract

Ginger and celery extracts are recognized anti-dandruff agents. Managing dandruff can be accomplished by creating a cleanser formulation. Shampoo contains an essential cleansing ingredient known as surfactant. SLS enables good foams, but at >10% concentration, it irritates skin. Adding a nonionic surfactant like cocamide DEA reduces irritation. This study examined how cocamide DEA concentrations affected the physical qualities and hedonic evaluation of a shampoo containing ginger and celery extracts. The shampoo was produced in three formulas with differing cocamide DEA concentrations: F1 (6%), F2 (8%), and F3 (10%). The formulation is evaluated using organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, pH, bulk density, foam height, foam stability, cycling, hedonic, and irritant studies. The result of this study revealed that shampoo had a brownish-orange color, a ginger-mint scent, and different looks. All three formulations were homogeneous, did not separate during cycling, and had significant viscosity variances, pH, bulk density, foam height, and foam stability. The formula with an 8% cocamide DEA concentration was the most popular and did not produce irritation. In conclusion, varying cocamide DEA concentrations affect the physical properties and preferences of panelists in a shampoo formulation that includes ginger and celery extracts.
Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Piper aduncum L. on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Line using the MTT Method Bellatasie, Rezlie; Oktavia, Sri; Rakhmil, Hanaya Fathiha; Uyun, Hendri Satria Kamal
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 29, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.88745

Abstract

Cancer treatment is known to cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, which can also affect the quality of the patient's health. Natural ingredients are an alternative source of cytotoxic substances with good anticancer activity and minimum side effects. Sirih hutan (Piper aduncum L.), also known as spiked pepper, is a medicinal plant with potential cytotoxic activity. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of the ethanol extract of P. aduncum L. leaves with the Microculture Tetrazolium Test method. Phytochemical screening showed that P. aduncum L. contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, phenol, and steroid/terpenoid compounds. The cytotoxic activity test was carried out on T47D cells with a concentration of 100 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, 1 µg/mL, and 0.1 µg/mL test solution. The obtained IC50 value of the ethanol extract of P. aduncum L. was 171.2 µg/mL, belonging to the moderate toxic category. From this study, it is concluded that P. aduncum L holds potential as an anticancer agent.

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