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INDONESIA
CHEMPUBLISH JOURNAL
Published by Universitas Jambi
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Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)" : 12 Documents clear
Antidiabetic activity of combined extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. and Stevia rebaudiana Bert. on streptozotocin-induced diabetes Wistar rats Tjitraresmi, Ami; Febriyanti, Raden Maya; Anjabtsawa, Daffa; Susilawati, Yasmiwar; Muhaimin, Muhaimin
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.46449

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the limitation in its conventional therapies underscores the need for alternative treatments. Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. and Stevia rebaudiana Bert. have demonstrated individual antidiabetic activities attributed to their secondary metabolites, including flavonoid and phenolic compounds. This study employed an experimental in vivo design using rats induced with STZ. Thirty rats were divided into five groups (n=6): normal control, negative control, positive control (Glibenclamide), and two treatment groups receiving the combined aqueous extracts of H.sabdariffa and S.rebaudiana (RSAE) at 500 and 1000 mg/kgBW. Diabetes was induced using STZ (50 mg/kgBW administered i.p). Blood glucose levels were measured fasting and 2 hr postprandial at days 0, 3, and 14 after administration of RSAE. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA. RSAE exhibited dose‐dependent hypoglycaemic activity in STZ‐induced diabetic rats, significantly reducing (p < .005) fasting blood glucose by up to 50.7 % and two‐hour post‐prandial glucose by 44.97% at 1000 mg/kgBW.
Molecular docking, prediction of drug-likeness properties, and toxicity risk assessment of compounds from Cinnamomum zeylanicum as inhibitors of Dengue DEN2 NS2B/NS3. Frimayanti, Neni; Fernando, Armon; Rahmah, Rizka I’zaa; Iskandar, Benni
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.43598

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a serious mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus, most often transmitted by the bite of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. In Indonesia, the number of DHF cases has steadily increased since the disease was first reported, underscoring the urgent need for effective treatments. This study used in silico methods to explore the potential of three bioactive compounds from Cinnamomum zeylanicum i.e. cinnamaldehyde, α-terpineol, and chavicol as inhibitors of the dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease and evaluated their drug-likeness and potential toxicity. The compounds sourced from the NADI database were compared with panduratin A as a positive control. Molecular docking was performed using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2023.0901 software, and drug-likeness and toxicity predictions were performed using SwissADME and Protox-II. Among the tested compounds, α-terpineol exhibited the strongest potential to inhibit NS2B/NS3, while all three met the standard drug-likeness criteria. Notably, α-terpineol demonstrated the most favorable safety profile compared to cinnamaldehyde, chavicol, and panduratin A.
Improving Stability and Absorption of Minerals in Pharmaceutical Formulations: A Review of Emerging Strategies Pitriani; Yoga Windhu Wardhana; Chaerunisaa, Anis Yohana
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.46931

Abstract

Minerals are essential for numerous physiological functions. However, their application in pharmaceutical formulations is often limited by hygroscopicity and low bioavailability, which can diminish their therapeutic effectiveness. This article reviewa not only highlights these challenges but also provides an in-depth, up-to-date evaluation of various strategies designed to overcome these limitations, supported by quantitative data from recent literature. This review article emphasizes the role of co-processing with excipients and encapsulation technology, which improve mineral stability by creating an effective moisture barrier, thereby extending product shelf life. Effervescent formulations, through an acid-base reaction, generate gas that significantly enhances mineral solubility and contributes to increased bioavailability. Microencapsulation, using a polymer or protein layer, protects minerals from gastric degradation and allows for controlled release in the intestine, the primary site of absorption. Chelating peptides form stable complexes with mineral ions, improving their transport and uptake in the body. Meanwhile, advanced nanoparticle technologies like Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and liposomes increase the contact surface area, accelerate dissolution, and protect minerals from oxidative degradation. This review article offers a comprehensive overview of strategies that can significantly advance the development of more effective and stable mineral-based pharmaceuticals.
Behaviour of SS-316L Hydroxyapatite Coated in Simulated Body Fluids Helianty, Sri; Fadli, Ahmad; Silalahi, Yunita Magdalena; Barus, Yohana Dwi Nita
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.44633

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a calcium phosphate mineral that closely resembles the inorganic component of natural bone. The incorporation of polycaprolactone (PCL) into HA enhances its mechanical strength, flexibility, and bioresorbability, producing composites with excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF). This study investigates the bioactivity and degradation behaviour of HA/PCL coatings on SS 316L stainless steel substrates. The relationships among coating thickness, shear strength, crystallinity, and pH variation in SBF were systematically examined. HA/PCL coatings were prepared using the dip-coating method and immersed in SBF at 37 °C for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Crystallinity and degradation characteristics were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and weight loss measurements. The results showed that HA/PCL-coated SS 316L exhibited noticeable weight loss after seven days of immersion due to Ca²⁺ ion release from the composite. Extended immersion led to increased HA crystallinity, indicating continued apatite formation and confirming the coating’s bioactive and biocompatible nature. Overall, the HA/PCL composite coating effectively enhances the bioactivity and provides controlled degradation of metallic implants, demonstrating strong potential for orthopaedic and dental biomedical applications
Green Synthesis of Ag/Chitosan Nanoparticles using Avocado Leaves Bioreductor (Persea americana Mill.) as a Nitrite Colorimetry Detector Lestari, Nani; Puspitasari, Ratih Dyah Puspitasari; Susanto, Nindita Clourisa Amaris; Tarigan, Indra Lasmana; Nelson, Nelson
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.46583

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common types of infection caused by the growth of microorganisms in the human urinary tract. Nitrite can be detected using spectroscopy, electrochemistry, chemiluminescence, chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and flow injection analysis methods. However, this method takes quite a long time. So, this method is not suitable for rapid screening because it requires time for bacterial incubation and adequate sample preparation. So, there is a need for a fast-screening method that can diagnose UTIs through a nitrite colorimetric sensor. The colorimetric method is based on nanoparticles, which are relatively cheap and can provide visual and rapid detection. Nitrite is an indicator in diagnosing UTI. This research aims to determine the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using avocado leaf bio-reductors (Persea americana Mill.) and chitosan as a stabilizer, which can be used as a colorimetric nitrite detector to minimize the use of dangerous and environmentally unfriendly inorganic materials. Characterization and analysis in this research used a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red), and PSA (Particle Size Analyzer). The Ag nanoparticle synthesis process was carried out by varying the bioreductant volume, synthesis time, and chitosan concentration. It was found that the optimum synthesis time was 4 hours with an SPR value of 428 nm, an absorbance of 2.112 and a nanoparticle size. Apart from that, the optimum concentration of chitosan was obtained at a concentration of 2.5% with an SPR of 435 nm and an absorbance of 1.341 with a nanoparticle size. The results obtained from AgNPs/chitosan as a colorimetric nitrite detector showed a color change to purple with an LOD value of 0.1303 µM and an LOQ of 0.4345 µM. Keywords: Ag Nanoparticles; Avocado Leaveas; Colorimetry; Nitrite.
Uniqueness of Layered Double Hydroxide Materials: A Critical Review of Synthesis Methods, Properties, Composites, and Remediation Mechanism Normah, Normah; Oktriyanti, Melantina; Adhiyanti, Nurmalina; Sajidah, Happy Bunga Nasyirahul
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.46671

Abstract

Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) are a class of anionic clays known for their tunable structure, high surface area, and versatile ion exchange capabilities, making them highly attractive for environmental remediation. This critical review explores the uniqueness of LDH materials by examining recent advancements in their synthesis methods, structural and physicochemical properties, and the development of LDH-based composites. Various synthesis approaches including co-precipitation, hydrothermal, and mechanochemical methods are evaluated in relation to their influence on LDH morphology, stability, and functionality. The review also highlights the integration of LDHs with other materials such as metal oxides, carbon-based supports, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs), which enhance their photocatalytic and adsorptive performances. Special attention is given to the mechanisms underlying pollutant removal, including ion exchange, surface complexation, and photocatalytic degradation. Comparative analysis of different modifications reveals trends in application performance and identifies current challenges that must be addressed to optimize LDHs for large-scale and multi-functional environmental applications. This review provides critical insight into the future potential of LDH materials as sustainable and efficient solutions for water and wastewater treatment.
Impact of magnetite on Fe3O4/Activated Carbon (AC)/ZnO Nanocomposite for Photodegradation of Rhodamine B Bemis, Restina; Marlinda, Lenny; Rahmi; Pratiwi, Nurul; Wibimanyu, Putu Adityo; Lia Anggresani
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.47812

Abstract

Rhodamine B is an organic dye commonly used in the textile industry, but it is toxic. Therefore, a photodegradation method using Fe3O4/activated carbon (AC)/ZnO nanocomposite is necessary to address environmental issues caused by rhodamine B. The Fe3O4/AC/ZnO nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized using the sonication method. Iron sand is used as a source of magnetite (Fe3O4), coconut shells as a source of activated carbon, and Zinc nitrate as a source of ZnO. XRF results show that the Fe content in iron sand is 74.10%. The ratio of Fe3O4 addition used in Fe3O4/AC/ZnO nanocomposite is 0:1:1; 1:1:1; 2:1:1; 3:1:1; 4:1:1. XRD characterization shows that the 1:1:1 ratio of Fe3O4/AC/ZnO nanocomposite has the smallest crystal size of 48.17 nm. The addition ratio of Fe3O4 does not affect the structure of the formed Fe3O4/AC/ZnO nanocomposite. Fe3O4/AC/ZnO nanocomposite is formed at 2theta 30.23°; 35.60°; 57.11°; and 62.83° for Fe3O4, peak broadening at 26.72° and ~44.71 for AC, and 31.82°; 34.47°; 36.30°; 47.59°; 56.63°; 62.89° and 67.98° for ZnO. SEM results show particle sizes of 57.95 nm for ZnO and 42.74 nm for Fe3O4/AC/ZnO 1:1:1 nanocomposite. VSM showed saturation magnetism of 4.41 emu/g for Fe3O4/AC/ZnO 1:1:1 nanocomposite and 28.8 emu/g for Fe3O4. The photocatalytic test showed that the Fe3O4/AC/ZnO 1:1:1 nanocomposite had the best % degradation of rhodamine B, at 96.1%, under sunlight.
Sistem Enkapsulasi Maltodekstrin-Kitosan pada Ekstrak Kulit Kakao (Theobroma cacao Linn.) yang Ramah Lingkungan untuk Inhibisi Korosi pada Baja dalam Media Korosif Gusti, Diah Riski; Toyyibah, Fida; Nizori, Addion; Restianingsih, Tika; Faiquzzaky, Faiz; Tajuddin, Nazrizawati Ahmad
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.46697

Abstract

This research tested an encapsulated cocoa husk extract formulated with maltodextrin and chitosan at an 8:2 ratio for use as a steel corrosion inhibitor. The method of weight loss in 0.75 M sulfuric acid, seawater, and peat water solutions was used to test inhibitors. The analysis indicated that inhibitor efficiency increased with increasing concentration. At the same time, its efficiency decreased due to longer immersion periods, reaching a maximum of 94.07% in peat water when a 2.5 g/L concentration of inhibitors was applied for 1 day. These results indicate significant potential for encapsulated cocoa husk extract as a natural corrosion inhibitor
Valorization of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches into Sulfonated Carbon Catalysts for Esterification of Vegetable Oil Saragih, Gimelliya; Purwandari, Vivi; Silitonga, Nelson; Abdillah; Sitanggang, Yenny; Zai, Liver; Mukhtissiarni
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.47630

Abstract

This research explores the physicochemical characteristics of activated and sulfonated carbons derived from palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as renewable raw materials, and assesses their catalytic performance in the esterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) for biodiesel synthesis. Activated carbon was sulfonated via exposure to high-concentration sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) at 7%, 10%, and 13%, facilitating the incorporation of –SO₃H groups. A range of analytical techniques, including TGA, DTA, FTIR, BET, and SEM, was employed to characterize the synthesized materials. Among the synthesized catalysts, the sulfonated carbon with 10% acid treatment (SA 10%) exhibited the most favorable characteristics: demonstrated a surface area of 41.895 m²/g and retained its structure under thermal stress, and a strong presence of sulfonic functional groups. Esterification tests at 65 °C for 2 hours showed a maximum yield of 43.28% using 3 g of SA 10%, while 5 g resulted in a lower yield of 30.32%. The results demonstrate that SA 10% is a promising eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst for converting low-cost, waste-based feedstocks into biodiesel under mild reaction conditions.
- Profil Fitokimia dan Evaluasi Nutrisi Kultivar Kacang Tunggak Indigenus (Vigna unguiculata L.) dari Bulukumba, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia Arifuddin, Widiastini; Al Banna, Maisya Zahra
Chempublish Journal Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Chempublish Journal (July - December)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/chp.v9i2.47845

Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) is a leguminous crop recognized for its high nutrient density and substantial potential as a functional food. Bulukumba Regency in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, harbors two locally adapted red and white cultivars that have been traditionally cultivated and consumed as staple foods. This study aimed to evaluate their nutritional composition, antioxidant capacity, and bioactive compound profiles. Proximate composition was determined following the AOAC protocols, tannin content was quantified using a modified vanillin–HCl assay, antioxidant activity was assessed via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and bioactive compounds were identified through Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Both cultivars exhibited high protein (20.47–21.03%) and carbohydrate (43.93–51.91%) contents, low lipid content (0.63%), and comparable ash content (3.25–3.28%). Tannin content was substantially higher in the red cowpea (465.61 µg/g) than in the white cowpea (130.43 µg/g). Antioxidant activity was significantly greater in the red cultivar (2,115.33 µg/g) compared with the white cultivar (507.18 µg/g). GC–MS analysis revealed a diverse range of bioactive compounds, including fatty acids (oleic, palmitic, and pentadecanoic acids), alcohols, esters, nitrogen-containing molecules, vitamins, terpenoids, and phenolics—many of which are reported to possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cardioprotective properties. These findings highlight the superior functional potential of the red cultivar and support the valorization of local cowpea germplasm for improved nutrition, human health, and sustainable agricultural development.

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