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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences

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Published by Universitas Brawijaya

ISSN : 20875517 EISSN : 25274376 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.

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Articles 966 Documents

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The Autecology of Genus Dischidia (Asclepiadaceae) in Bangka Island: Characteristics of Vegetation and Abiotic Environmental Factors Affecting Abundance Hajari, Yuliani; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini; Ariyanti, Nunik Sri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Dischidia is an epiphytic plant, it is used as herbal medicine and has economic value. In addition, Dischidia also has an ecological function. Moreover, some species of Dischidia are endemic in a particular region. Various forest types occur in Bangka Island serves as natural habitat for this epiphytic plant. This research aimed to record the diversity and abundance of Dischidia and analyze those environmental factors which affect its abundance. The research was conducted in August â€“ September 2016 at Bangka Island. Three plots of 20 Ã— 20 mÂ² were placed with a minimum interval of 50 m in the habitat where Dischidia are found. The species diversity and abundance of Dischidia as well as abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, and altitude were recorded in these plots. The vegetation structure was analyzed based on index of diversity, index of dominancy and index of evenness. Data on the environmental condition and abundance of Dischidia were then analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) method with Canoco 4.5 software. Five species of Dischidia were found in Bangka Island that are Dischidia bengalensis, Dischidia imbricate, Dischidia nummularia, Dischidia rafflesiana, and Dischidia hirsute. Dischidia is found in 14 species of host plants. D. imbricate (23 individual plants) occurred in the heath forest at Pejem showed the highest abundance. Epiphytic fern plants, the Asplenium nidus (27 individual plants), was the dominant epiphytes found in the host tree of Dischidia The CCA showed that light intensity, temperature and humidity influenced the abundance of Dischidia.

ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS USED FOR DEFINING FIVE SPECIES OF NEPENTHES FROM BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS, INDONESIA Rizqiani, Sakina; Ariyanti, Nunik Sri; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Anatomical structures may vary among the species of Nepenthes. Therefore, the anatomical characters apparently could be used for supporting the morphological characters in identifying species. This study aimed to seek a valuable anatomical character for identifying and defining five species of Nepenthes occur in Bangka Belitung Islands. Samples of leaves, pitchers and its lids of Nepenthes gracilis, Nepenthes mirabilis, Nepenthes ampullaria, Nepenthes rafflesiana, and Nepenthes reinwardtiana were collected and prepared for paradermal and transverse section of microscope slides. The results showed that the anatomical characters of the leaves, pitchers and lids from these five species of Nepenthes could be used for differentiating five species Nepenthes observed. The absence of nectary gland at the abaxial of pitcher lids of N. gracilis and N. ampullaria separate them from others species. The leaf epidermis of these two species have different cell wall. The length of lunate cells at the inner surface of upper half pitchers are comparable for identifying the pitchers of N. mirabilis from those of N. reinwardtiana. The presence of crystal at the parenchymal tissue of pitcher differentiate N. rafflesiana from the four others. In this research, the identification key for Nepenthes from Bangka Belitung Islands based on the anatomical character was presented.

Ambon Banana-Tree Sap stimulated Endothelial Cell Migration in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) Induced with Inflammatory Mediator IL-1 Wulan, Provisia Marthalita Yuning; Dorothy, Maria Juliana; Alinda, Resha; Sofiana, Kristianingrum Dian; Prihardina, Bunga; Permaasari, Nur; Widodo, M. Aris
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4517.627 KB)

Ambon banana-tree (Musa paradisiaca var.sapientum) sap (ABT sap) contains active substances that can stimulate the wound healing process such as: flavonoid, saponin, ascorbic acid. Those substances are needed in an important phase of wound healing called angiogenesis through activation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) pathway that stimulates actin reorganization in endothelial cell migration and proliferation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of banana-tree sap in stimulating cells migration, VEGF and nitric oxide (NO) level in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) culture that induced by pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 (Interleukin-1). The ABT sap was obtained by pressing a fresh Ambon banana stem, then was mixed with culture medium into 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.5% concentration. The ABT sap then was used for treating HUVECs cell that induced by IL-1 200 ng/mL for 48-hours. The result of this study shows that Ambon banana-tree sap increased HUVECs cell migration. However, after 48-hours treatment with ABT sap showed no difference in the VEGF and NO level in the culture media. These results suggested ABT sap able to increase migration to HUVECs that promising for wound healing agent. Therefore, the further research to elucidate the detailed mechanism and identify the active compound warrant to be done.

Recollection and Taxonomic Placement of Alpinia apoensis (Zingiberaceae; Alpinioideae): An Imperfectly Known Philippine Endemic Species Naive, Mark Arcebal Kling; Dalisay, Jade Ann Grace; Bangcaya, Porferio; Alejandro, Grecebio Jonathan Duran
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

A recent exploration on the Mt. Kalatungan Range Natural Park of Bukidnon and Mt. Madjaas of Antique resulted in the recollection of Alpinia apoensis. It is an endemic Zingiberaceae species of uncertain identity that was first collected and described by Elmer over 90 years ago. As there is no comprehensive revision of the family Zingiberaceae in the Philippines, it is meanwhile important to clarify its taxonomic identity. This study contributes a comprehensive description of the species leading to the determination of its sectional and subsectional placements. Information on its geographical distribution, phenology, ecology, and coloured photographs are also provided.

Microscopic-Based Trend in Imported Malaria among Workers of Trenggalek District Returning from Kalimantan Island, Indonesia During 2012 â€“ 2016 Arwati, Heny; Kusmartisnawati, Kusmartisnawati; Yotopranoto, Subagyo; Hidayat, Poppy; Dachlan, Yoes Prijatna
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.01.14

Malaria in Indonesia remains a significant health problem. Trenggalek District is one of the receptive malaria areas in East Java Province, Indonesia, with mainly imported malaria from outside Java Island. The people of this district accustomed to traveling to outside Java where malaria is endemic for temporary working purposes. Usually, they have acquired malaria infection in the areas where they worked and brought to their homeland during their return to the district. The number of imported malaria cases depend on the returning season of the workers. When no workers return from outside Java malaria case is zero. During the year of 2012-2016 microscopic examination of Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thick blood films of the workers have been done in the working activity of Pandean Primary Health Center on their arrival from Kalimantan Island either by active or passive case detection. Microscopically positive data were reported herein to describe the trend of imported malaria in the studied areas. A total number of malaria-infected workers were 118 cases. The trend towards increasing case number yearly between 2012 and 2013 being 1.35%, then decreasing between 2013 and 2016 to only 4 cases in 2016. Different patterns of imported malaria by month were seen in each year but no specific pattern throughout the year. The Plasmodium vivax infection was predominant every year and followed by Plasmodium falciparum and mixed infection of those two species. Trends of imported malaria cases in Trenggalek district were decreased and increased irregularly in each month yearly. However, the number of cases declined annually during 2013 â€“ 2016. Antimalarial prophylaxis and insecticides prevent the workers from malaria infection.

Level of mRNA Insulin Gene and Blood Glucose STZ-Induced Diabetic Rat are Improved by Glucomannan of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume from East Java Forest Indonesia Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah; Nurmasari, Damai Aulia; Masruro, Nuri; Rohmah, Rista Nikmatu; Triprisila, Lidwina Faraline; Mulyati, Mulyati; Yamada, Takahisa; Ohta, Takashi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Diabetes mellitus is one of metabolic disorder with high level of blood sugar glucose and reduces pancreatic-insulin levels that are altered by unhealthy food and lifestyle. To manage the blood glucose and insulin level, we need the diabetes dietary management related with insulin gene cascade. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence glucomannan fiber to mRNA level of the insulin gene and genes cascade expression of target cells of type 1 diabetic rat. Three-month-old male (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar) were fed with fiber of glucomannan of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume with dosage 0,06g/kg BW and 0.12g/kg BW every day during one month. RNA dot blotting with specific cDNA probe was performed mRNA level of insulin gene. The result of this study showed that glucomannan could reduce of body weight and blood glucose level significantly. The mRNA level of insulin gene of diabetic rats-treated 0.12g/kg BW glucomannan fiber dosage was the highest significance level among of all groups. In histopathological analysis, glucomannan was increasing significantly in IRS-1 level expression proliferate properly and consistently increasing of the PI3-K expression level in treated diabetic rats. This study indicates that the 0.12g/kg BW glucomannan was optimum dosage that effectively as role for alternative high-fiber therapy of type 1 diabetic through insulin receptor tyrosine kinase pathway.Â

Ecobiology Test of Mantangan Species (Merremia peltata (L.) Merr.) from the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Lampung Kurniawati, Kurniawati -; Muhadiono, Muhadiono; Hilwan, Iwan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Mantangan (Merremia peltata (L.) Merr.) is a woody liana. Nowadays, it has become invasive in Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The objectives of this research were to analyze: 1) effect of light intensity on the growth of mantangan in natural and artificial shade, 2) effect of sand addition to the soil media and trimming on the growth rate of mantangan. Forest profile was made at the field in three locations with three light intensity levels: low, moderate, and high. A completely randomized design by three factors: shade, soil media and trimming were used. Parameters measured were stem length, leaf and buds number, fresh and dry weight. Forest profile analysis showed that high light intensity forest was dominated bay mantangan. In contrast, growth of mantangan was inhibited in low light intensity (75% shade), with lower dry weight (1.50 g). Soil media and trimming did not affect significantly on growth of mantangan.

Immunohistochemistry Evaluation of TGF-Î²1, SOX-9, Type II Collagen and Aggrecan in Cartilage Lesions Treated with Conditioned Medium of Umbilical Cord Mesencyhmal Stem Cells in Wistar Mice (Rattus novergicus) Soetjahjo, Bintang; Hidayat, Mohammad; Sujuti, Hidayat; Fibrianto, Yuda
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Currently, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to be used as treatment options for any cartilage lesion. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of conditioned medium from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSC) on damaged cartilage through the expression of proteins TGF-Î²1, SOX-9, type II collagen and aggrecan, which are known to be related to chondrogenesis. UC-MSC were isolated from 19-days-pregnant Wistar mice and were cultured using the standard procedure to obtain 80% confluence. Subsequently, the culture was confirmed through a microscopic examination that was driven to be an embryoid body to obtain a pre-condition medium. This research utilized 3-month-old male Wistar mice and was categorized into 6 groups (3 control and 3 treatment groups). Each animal had surgery performed to create a femur condyle cartilage defect. The treatment groups were administered a dose of stem cells at 1 mL/kg. Next, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed to examine the expression of TGF-Î²1, SOX-9, type II collagen and aggrecan in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th month of evaluation. The results were analyzed statistically using ANOVA test. For each of the treatment groups, there was increased expression (p < 0.05) in all proteins TGF-Î²1, SOX-9, type II collagen and aggrecan when compared with control groups at the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th month of evaluation. Pre-conditioned medium from UC-MSC potentially increases the expression of TGF-Î²1, SOX-9, type II collagen and aggrecan in the damaged cartilage of Wistar mice.

Ecology of Rafflesia arnoldii (Rafflesiaceae) in Pandam Gadang West Sumatra Pranata, Syafroni; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini; Chikmawati, Tatik
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Pandam Gadang has tropical forests which become the habitat of Rafflesia (Rafflesia arnoldii) which grows as a parasite of Tetrastigma (Vitaceae). Study on R. arnoldii is needed since its population continuously decrease as a result of habitat destruction of its host. The aim of the study was to determine habitat conditions, vegetation structure, and characteristic of the host species of Rafflesia; to identify environmental factors, and determine the Rafflesia habitat suitability in Pandam Gadang Koto Tinggi Village, West Sumatra. Analysis of vegetation in the habitat where Rafflesia grows using a circular plot. The number of individuals Rafflesia found was recorded and completed with observations of its morphology. Micro-climate measurements were carried out together with data collection in the field. Flower morphological analysis was descriptively presented. Environmental parameters were-processed with Canoco software 4.56 using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. Habitat suitability was analyzed using Maximum Entropy. The 17 Rafflesia individuals found on Pandam Gadang were R. arnoldii, known as "Cendawan Biriang", living parasitically on Tetrastigma leucostaphylum. The results of analysis of vegetation in the Rafflesia habitat showed that there were 250 individual plants consisting of 42 species and 21 genera. Seedlings most dominant was Lauraceae, belt were dominated by Moraceae, Meliaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. Trees were dominated by Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, and Meliaceae. Existence and survival of R. arnoldii depended on soil pH 7-7.8, environmental humidity 83-91.8 % and distance from the nearest river 3-27.8 m.

Antiviral Effect of Pterocarpus indicus Willd Leaves Extract Against Replication of Dengue Virus (DENV) In Vitro Dewi, Beti Ernawati; Angelina, Marissa; meilawati, lia; Hartati, Sri; Dewijanti, Indah Dwiatmi; Santi, Mei Ria; Desti, Hidayati; Sudiro, Mirawati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is major public health problem in tropical and subtropical areas of the world with lack of approved vaccines and effective antiviral therapies. With no current treatment for illness attributed to dengue virus (DENV) infection other than supportive care, therapeutic strategies that use natural extract was developed. Indonesia have many plants that potential for antiviral drÂµgs such as Pterocarpus indicus Willd (P. indicus). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of P. indicus to inhibit DENV replication. We used a well-differentiated hepatocytes-derived cellular carcinoma cell line (Huh-7 it-1 cells) to determine and select antiviral activity. The toxicity effects were determined by MTT assay. Then, the suppression of DENV replication was determined by Focus assay. Dengue infected cells with DMSO were used as control. We found that crude extract (Pi), hexane (Pi.1) and ethyl acetate (Pi.2) extract showed strong inhibition with high selectivity index (SI) of 1,392; 285.36 and 168.56 respectively.Â Sub fraction of Pi.1 and Pi.2 still showed strong inhibition with high SI.Â Further sub-sub fraction of Pi.2 such as Pi.2.12 and Pi.2.12.1 still showed inhibition of DENV replication but there was reduction of SI value. The mechanism experiment of Pi.2.12, we found that Pi 2.12 more profound to inhibit in the post infection stage that entry or pre-infection. We conclude that the sub-fraction of Pi.2.12 has potential antiviral activity against DV infection in vitro. Further studies are still needed to investigate the pure compound of Pi.2.12 that inhibit and have advantages in the future as alternative for treatment of DENV infection.

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