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INDONESIA
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Published by The Prodia Education and Research Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 621 Documents
 48   49   50   51   52 
Biochanin A Has Protective and Therapeutic Effects against Li2CO3-induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats Model Alamri, Zaenah Zuhair; Alfaifi, Soliman Mohammed
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i3.3077

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Long-term usage of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) as treatment of bipolar disorder might cause nephrotoxicity. Li2CO3-induced nephrotoxicity usually treated by renal dialysis, which is quite expensive. Usage of natural products that possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as biochanin A (BCA) may be useful against Li2CO3 nephrotoxicity. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate Li2CO3 nephrotoxic effects and BCA therapeutic and protective effects against it.METHODS: Twenty-eight rats divided into 4 groups: negative control (NC), Li2CO3, Li2CO3 + BCA therapeutic, and BCA + Li2CO3 protective group. Complete blood picture, serum kidney function tests (urea, creatinine, and cystatin C) and kidney tissue homogenate oxidative stress index as malonaldehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. While, kidney histopathological changes were evaluated under light microscope.RESULTS: Li2CO3 administration elicited significant changes in hematological parameters as hypochromic anemia, decreased platelets and leukocytosis. Serum urea, creatinine and cystatin C were elevated. Renal homogenate analysis revealed significant elevation of MDA and decline in GST, CAT, SOD levels. Kidney histopathology analysis revealed hemorrhage between renal tubules, glomerular capillaries congestion, Bowman’s space dilatation, structural alterations in renal tubules cells include loss of brush border, deeply stained nuclei and elevated in size and number of cytoplasmic vacuoles. Therapeutic and protective groups of BCA showed amelioration of hematological alteration, kidney functions, oxidative stress markers and restoration of kidney tissues.CONCLUSION: BCA has both protective and therapeutic effects against Li2CO3-induced nephrotoxicity possibly through the reduction of oxidative stress.KEYWORDS: biochanin A, hematological changes, kidney, lithium carbonate salt, oxidative stress, protective effects, therapeutic effects
In vitro Differentiation of Melanocyte Stem Cells Derived from Vitiligo Patients into Functional Melanocytes Vathsalya, Manchi; Shetty, Shricharith; Shetty, Nikhil; Shetty, Jayaprakasha; Shetty, Veena; Yeshwanth, Sunil Kumar; Patil, Prakash; Basavarajappa, Mohana Kumar
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i2.2942

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Melanocyte stem cells (MelSCs) residing in the hair follicle bulge act as melanocyte reservoir for skin and hair, and may serve as an autologous source for treating vitiligo. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the in vitro differentiation ability of MelSCs derived from vitiligo patients into melanin-producing melanocytes for potential cellular therapy.METHODS: MelSCs from the vitiliginous (V-MelSCs), non-vitiliginous (NV-MelSCs) regions of vitiligo patients, as well as from control subjects (C-MelSCs) were established for evaluating their differentiation potential into melanin producing cells. The differentiation abilities were compared at the cellular and molecular levels. MelSCs were differentiated in vitro into induced-melanocytes (iMCs) by supplementing the culture medium with melanogenic factors. iMCs were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for the expression of key melanogenic markers, including tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), c-KIT and S100. iMCs were also stained with L-DOPA to assess TYR activity in cells. Intracellular melanin content in iMCs was evaluated and compared among the vitiligo and control groups.RESULTS: MelSCs induced into iMCs displayed morphological changes with longer dendrites and prominent nuclei. iMCs stained positive for L-DOPA with an average intracellular melanin content of 30 pg/cell. iMCs expressed key melanogenic genes and the relative expression did not differ significantly among the groups.CONCLUSION: NV-MelSCs were unaltered by disease pathogenesis and capable of differentiating into melanocytes compared to V-MelSCs. Hence, these cells might offer a reliable source of melanocytes for vitiligo repigmentation therapy by autologous cellular transplantation.KEYWORDS: melanocyte stem cells, differentiation, melanocytes, vitiligo, in vitro
Hypoglycemic Activity and Safety Assessment of Pediococcus acidilactici Strain DNH16 in Experimental Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats Induced with Streptozotocin Fachrial, Edy; Lina, Juliana; Harmileni, Harmileni; Anggraini, Sari; Sihotang, Widya Yanti
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i1.2781

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases tend to rise throughout the year in all parts of the world. The α-glucosidase inhibitors are frequently used to both prevent and treat T2DM. This α-glucosidase inhibitor activity is seen in some probiotic species, and a certain strain of Pediococcus acidilactici exhibits promising characteristics as an α-glucosidase inhibitor. This study was conducted to assess the hypoglycemic activity and safety of P. acidilactici strain DNH16 (PADNH16) in experimental rats with T2DM induced by streptozotocin.METHODS: The experiment was conducted in vivo using Wistar rats. Acarbose was employed as a positive control, and Lactobacillus casei was used as a comparative. For 24 days, post-prandial blood glucose levels were assessed every 3 days, followed by serum biochemical levels measurement of liver, kidney, and lipid profiles. The pancreas was histopathologically examined utilizing the Hematoxyline-Eosin staining procedure.RESULTS: Administration of PADNH16 to T2DM rats lowered post-prandial blood glucose levels and gave hypoglycemic benefits comparable to acarbose and commercial probiotics. PADNH16 dosing did not affect serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), urea, or creatinine levels, showing that PADNH16 was not hazardous to liver or kidney function. The lipid profile assessment revealed that the values, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides, were comparable to the control group. The pancreatic histopathology revealed that injection of PADNH16 caused no alterations to pancreatic β cells.CONCLUSION: P. acidilactici isolate DNH16 has a hypoglycemic effect on T2DM rats, but does not affect liver function enzymes, kidneys, lipid profiles and does not provide significant changes in pancreatic β cells.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, inhibitor α-glucosidase, Pediococcus acidilactici strain DNH16
The Injected Plasma of Myasthenia Gravis Patient with A Low T-reg Level Caused Clinical Myasthenic Syndromes in Swiss-Webster Mice Pasmanasari, Elta Diah; Purwaningsih, Erni Hernawati; Retnaningsih, Retnaningsih; Purba, Jan Sudir; Octaviana, Fitri
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i4.3086

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease affecting neuromuscular junction involvement. The finding that T-reg level in MG patients was lower than that in normal persons leads to the idea that the primary pathology of the disease is T-reg dependent. The T-reg level of MG patients seems to be decreasing compared to that of normal persons. The study was conducted to observe the contribution of T-reg level in plasma injected into Swiss-Webster mice to develop clinically and pathologically myasthenic syndromes.METHODS: Swiss-Webster mice were grouped into three groups: the groups received plasma with normal, low, and high T-reg levels, respectively. The T-reg levels of the mice were measured with flow cytometry analysis and a human regulatory T-cell cocktail for T-cell surface cell marker. The motor function, interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, and thymus weight of mice were measured after the injection. Histopathological examination was performed to analyze mice’s muscles and thymus.RESULTS: The result identified that the motor function (2-week treatment group: p=0.021 and 3-week treatment group: p=0.032) and muscle width (p=0.014, p=0.032 and p≤0.001) were significantly lower in the low T-reg level plasma group compared to control and high T-reg level plasma groups. The thymus showed an increase in weight without an increase in the cortex-medulla ratio of the thymus, indicating hyperplasia. Both IL-2 and IFN-γ levels were lower in the low and high T-reg level groups compared with the control group, indicating the autoimmune process.CONCLUSION: Low T-reg level was associated with lower motor function, muscle width, increased thymus weight, as well as lower IL-2 and IFN-γ levels. T-reg level contributed to clinical myasthenic syndromes but not pathological findings. This research method is expected to be a basis for the development of animal models with Swiss-Webster mice.KEYWORDS: animal model, Myasthenia gravis, Swiss-Webster mice
Achatina fulica Mucus Ameliorates UVB-induced Human Dermal Fibroblast Photoaging via the TGF-β/Smad Pathway Christiana Tri Nuryana; Tiara Puspita Agustin; Sofia Mubarika Haryana; Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo; Nur Arfian
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 6 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i6.2580

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet B (UVB) induces skin photoaging by reducing collagen deposition via impairment of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Achatina fulica mucus (AFM) is a native medicine acting as vehicle of anti-aging ingredients. The present investigation examined the effect of AFM on UVB-induced fibroblast photoaging by assessing TGF-β, Smad3, and Smad7 mRNA expressions.METHODS: AFM was extracted from A. fulica using electrical shock and freeze-dried into a powder. Normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cultures were irradiated with/without 100 mJ/cm2 UVB and treated with/without 10% platelet-rich plasma or different concentrations of AFM: 3.9 μg/mL in AF3 group; 15.625 μg/mL in AF15 group, and 62.5 μg/mL in AF62 group. The mRNA expressions of TGF-β, Smad3, and Smad7 in NHDF were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: TGF-β mRNA expressions in the AF3 (0.85±0.01), AF15 (0.94±0.02) and AF62 (1.64±0.03) groups were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared with that in the UVB group (0.55±0.04). Moreover, Smad3 expressions in the AF3 (1.42±0.25), AF15 (1.89±0.13), and AF62 (2.50±0.31) groups were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared with that in the UVB group (0.57±0.08). Furthermore, Smad7 expressions in the AF3 (1.57±0.18), AF15 (0.87±0.03), and AF62 (0.25±0.09) groups were significantly lower (p<0.05) than that in the UVB group (2.57±0.06).CONCLUSION: AFM ameliorates UVB-induced fibroblast photoaging by upregulating the TGF-β/Smad3 expressions and downregulating Smad7 expression.KEYWORDS: Achatina fulica, TGF-β, Smad, collagen, UVB, fibroblast, photoaging
Lycopene Enhances the Beta Cell Capacity and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Metformin on Type 2 Diabetic Rats Nugroho, Heri; Sianturi, Medina; Retnoningrum, Dwi; Susiloningsih, Neni
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i3.2989

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia causes dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin monotherapy is known to be less effective at improving glycemic status, insulin function, and lipid profiles. Lycopene is a potential antioxidant and has been shown to be hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic. However, the effects lycopene and metformin combination are still up for debate. This study was conducted to determine the potential of lycopene in enhancing the ability of metformin to improve glycemic status, insulin resistance, beta cell capacity, and lipid profile of T2DM rats.METHODS: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: control (N), T2DM-untreated (D), T2DM + metformin (DM), T2DM + metformin + 10 mg/kgBW lycopene (DMLy-10), T2DM + metformin + 20 mg/kgBW lycopene (DMLy-20), and T2DM + metformin + 40 mg/kgBW lycopene (DMLy-40). The treatment was administered once daily through oral route and lasted for 28 days, before blood samples were collected. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was assessed by oxidase-peroxidase method, fasting serum insulin and HbA1c were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while lipid profile was determined using enzymatic methods. The homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (Homa-IR) as well as the homeostatic model evaluation of β-cell function (Homa-B) were then calculated.RESULTS: Fasting serum insulin levels increased significantly (p<10.05) in the DMLy-20 and DMLy-40 groups, but Homa-B or high-density lipoprotein (HDL) did not significantly increase. Additionally, the FBG, HbA1c, Homa-IR, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels were not significantly decreased than in the group treated with metformin alone.CONCLUSION: Lycopene can enhance the ability of metformin to improve the glycemic status, insulin resistance, beta-cell capacity, and lipid profile of T2DM rats.KEYWORDS: dyslipidemia, Homa-B, insulin resistance, lycopene, metformin, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Establishment of Reference Value of 20 Amino Acids for Toddlers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Pasaribu, Merci Monica br; Immanuel, Suzanna; Sjarif, Damayanti Rusli; Timan, Ina Susianti; Malik, Safarina G.; Mansyur, Muchtaruddin; Simanjuntak, Ernawati
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i2.2902

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Amino acids are one of the essential metabolites, especially the 20 amino acids that are preserved as the building blocks of protein. Alterations in amino acid concentrations are related to disease such as inborn error of metabolism, cancer, as well as nutritional status. Hence, it is necessary to define reference values of 20 plasma-free amino acids for Indonesian toddlers and to establish a robust measurement technique using chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (MS).METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional preliminary study to establish reference values. The sample was prepared by mixing plasma with 20% sulfosalicylic acid. Plasma-free amino acids were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) non-derivatization technique using column XTerra for chromatographic separation coupled with tandem MS. Amino acids reference values were taken from 101 healthy Indonesian toddlers aged 1-3 years old. Since amino acids data were not Gaussian distributed, the lower and upper of the reference value was established from the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile, respectively.RESULTS: Analysis for 20 amino acids was validated. The accuracy ranged from 90.53-105.39% and the precision ranged from 0.06-3.80%. The limit of detection range was 1-2 nmol/mL, and the limit of quantification range was 2-4 nmol/mL. The result was linear, with R2 higher than 0.998. There was no significant difference between boys and girls for all amino acids except for glycine.CONCLUSION: HPLC with tandem MS method can be used to evaluate amino acids in clinical practice. The reference values obtained are specific for aged 1-3 years old from urban areas in Indonesia. The study suggests that for each population, the reference values for amino acids should be established.KEYWORDS: amino acids, high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, reference values, Indonesia 
Exosomal miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Preeclampsia: miR-1283 Has the Highest Expression, while miR-152-3p Has the Lowest Expression Sumawan, Herman; Giantari, Ifrinda; Mubarika, Sofia; Hadiati, Diah Rumekti; Pradjatmo, Heru
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 4 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i4.3197

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia management is necessary, as it is one of the leading causes of death during pregnancy. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as biomarkers for early detection, diagnosis, and prognosis of preeclampsia. NanoStrings is an effective method for identifying exosomal miRNA due to their high sensitivity and ability to work with small amounts of miRNA; however, the analysis using this method for determining preeclampsia biomarker is still limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to utilize the NanoStrings method in identifying preeclampsia biomarkers related to its underlying pathophysiology.METHODS: This study involved 12 pregnant women at 20–40 weeks of gestation, including 6 preeclampsia women and 6 normotension women. The miRNAs from plasma exosomes were processed using NanoStrings method with NanoString nCounter SPRINT Profiler. Enrichment analysis of The Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were performed to examine the pathophysiological pathways of preeclampsia, using the DIANA–miRPath v3.0.RESULTS: Forty-eight miRNAs were downregulated and 7 were upregulated (miR-1283, miR-613, miR-520a-3p, miR-3185, miR-556-3p, miR-1973, and miR-598-3p) in women with preeclampsia. The highest expression was observed in miR-1283 (log fold-change: 3.69) and the most lowest expression was in miR-152-3p (log fold-change: 1.41). Enrichment analysis showed that the most upregulated miRNAs pathways was estrogen signaling pathway, and the most downregulated was Hippo signaling pathways.CONCLUSION: miR-1283 has the highest expression, while and miR-152-3p has the lowest expression in preeclampsia women. These miRNAs are shown to be linked to specific pathways, shedding light on the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, and may serve as promising biomarkers.KEYWORDS: exosomes, biomarker, miRNAs, pathophysiology, preeclampsia, pregnancy
Increased Levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 are Associated with The Degree of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients with NUC Therapy Maimunah, Ummi; Kholili, Ulfa; Putra, Rheza Rahmadika; Brimantyo, Dio; Wirantara, Hendy
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i1.2848

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) involves the host immune responses mainly T-lymphocyte regulatory cells and cytokines production. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 have been reported to play a crucial role in the development of liver fibrosis. However, their association with liver fibrosis in treated CHB patients remains unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the association between TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 with the degree of liver fibrosis in treated CHB patients.METHODS: This was a cross-sectional prospective study including 101 treated chronic hepatitis B subjects. TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 serum levels were measured with quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Transient elastography result was classified according to METAVIR score. Data was analyzed by the Spearman correlation test with a p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS: From 101 subjects, there were significant differences were seen in TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 between patients with mild, significant and advance fibrosis. TNF-α (r=0.292; p<0.05), IL-6 (r=0.221; p<0.05), and IL-10 (r=0.208; p<0.05) were significantly correlated with the degree of fibrosis. After multivariate analysis, TNF-α was the only one cytokine parameter which significantly correlated with the degree of fibrosis.CONCLUSION: Levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 are associated with the degree of liver fibrosis. These parameters may potentially be used to evaluate the development of liver fibrosis in treated CHB patients.KEYWORDS: chronic hepatitis B, liver fibrosis, cytokines, transient elastography
Effects of Hydrogen-Rich Water on Interleukin-1β, Number of Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats with Orthodontic Tooth Movement Lina Hadi; Albert Manggading Hutapea; Florenly Florenly
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 6 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i6.2677

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) may increase the risk of treatment-related complications for some diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) has been demonstrated in many studies to reduce oxidative stress and cell damage. This study aimed to examine the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, blood glucose level, body weight, tooth displacement, and population of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in diabetic rats with OTM.METHODS: Thirty rats (Rattus novergicus) were divided into 6 groups: OTM, HRW, DM, DM+OTM, DM+HRW, and DM+OTM+HRW. DM, DM+OTM, DM+HRW, and DM+OTM+HRW groups were induced with streptozotocin (STZ) after 8 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) and continued being fed HFD for 4 weeks. OTM, DM+OTM, and DM+OTM+HRW groups were placed on an orthodontic device for the orthodontic treatment. HRW, DM+HRW, and DM+OTM+HRW groups were administered HRW via oral gavage 3 times a day for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, all rats were euthanized and blood samples were collected for IL-1β measurement using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Meanwhile, the rats’ maxilla was taken to measure tooth movement, and the number of osteoclast and osteoblast were counted.RESULTS: The highest increase of IL-1β was in the DM+OTM group (140.07±5.14 pg/mL) and the lowest was in the HRW group (92.80±2.89 pg/mL). The average number of osteoblasts were higher in tension sites, while osteoclasts were higher in pressure sites.CONCLUSION: Consumption of HRW in STZ-induced diabetic rats with OTM can reduce IL-1β levels, reduce tooth mobility, and promote bone remodeling.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, hydrogen rich water, interleukin-1β, orthodontic tooth movement, osteoblast, osteoclast

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