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Public Health of Indonesia
Published by Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia
ISSN : 24771570     EISSN : 24771570     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Public Health of Indonesia is an International, peer-reviewed, and open access journal emphasizing on original research findings that are relevant for developing country perspectives including Indonesia. The journal considers publication of articles as original article, review article, short communication / brief reports, Education forum, letters to editor, case reports, etc. The journal covers population based studies, impact assessment, monitoring and evaluation, systematic review, meta-analysis, clinic-social studies etc., related to any domain and discipline of public health, specially relevant to national priorities, including ethical and social issues. Articles aligned with national health issues and policy implications are preferred.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 319 Documents
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Serum Zinc, Calcium, Vitamin D and Ferritin level in Chronic Telogen Effluvium Among Women in Mosul: A Case- Control Study F.K. Alamory, Nagham; M.M. Alsabaawy, Osama; AH. Jasim, Shaymaa; B. Fathi, Haitham
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.932

Abstract

Background: Investigation into the role of nutrient factors in alopecia is an exciting and expanding field. Despite the vast amount of evidence, their conclusions are conflicting. Objectives: to estimate the differences in micronutrients (zinc, calcium, vitamin D and ferritin) between women with chronic telogen effluvium and healthy alopecia-free women. Methods: Thirty age-matched healthy women and thirty telogen effluvium female patients were recruited from a private dermatology clinic in Mosul for this case-control research. To measure the zinc, calcium, vitamin D and ferritin, ten milliliters of blood were extracted. The independent two sample t-test was applied to examine the groups' differences of these nutrient factors. Results: TE patients had a zinc level of 60.78±28.79 µg/dl, which was 17.78 g/dl lower than the alopecia-free control group (95% CI of the Difference: 5.16 to 30.39 mg/dl) (p = 0.01). The patient group's calcium was 8.56±0.28 mg/dl, compared to 9.36±0.59 mg/dl in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The vitamin D levels of both the healthy control group and the TE patients were found to be 41.56±13.26 g/ml and 14.97±8.56 g/ml, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (p =0.01). Ferritin levels were 29.75±31.02 ng/ml in the sick group and 47.33±26.84 ng/ml in a control group. The alopecia group's average ferritin was 17.57 ng/ml less than that of the normal group, and this difference was statistically significant (p =0.02). Conclusions: Monitoring and restoration of hair follicle micronutrients (Zinc, Calcium, Vitamin D & Ferritin) is an important step in the management of women with diffuse chronic TE. Keywords: Telogen effluvium; Zinc; Calcium; Vitamin D; Ferritin
Consequences of Cyberbullying Experienced on Psychological Wellbeing and Appetite Disturbance among University Students Nugroho, Purwo Setiyo; Samutachak, Bhubate; Jirapramukpitak, Tawanchai; Ghozali; Chamratrithirong, Aphichat
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.939

Abstract

Background: The rising internet use among Indonesian university students has amplified the risk of cyberbullying, severely affecting their psychological well-being. This issue can trigger anxiety, depression, and self-harm. These psychological issues can lead to negative behaviors, such as appetite disturbance. Promoting awareness, online safety education, mental health support, and collaboration among institutions, families, and policymakers is crucial to creating a safer digital environment. Objective: This study examined the relationship between experiences of cyberbullying, psychological well-being, and appetite disturbance. Method: This study used a cross-sectional design with 700 undergraduate students from Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, selected via proportional stratified and random sampling from January to March 2024. Participants spanned all academic years. Data were collected using self-administered standard questionnaires. The association between variables was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board IPSR, Mahidol University, Thailand, and participants received information sheets. Results: The result showed significant associations between cyberbullying experience and psychological well-being and between psychological well-being and appetite disturbance. No significant direct link was found between cyberbullying experience and appetite disturbance. Psychological well-being fully mediated the relationship between cyberbullying experience and appetite disturbance (p-value < 0.000). Coping capacity did not moderate the relationship between cyberbullying experience and psychological well-being. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study highlights the significant association between cyberbullying and psychological well-being and appetite disturbance. It suggests enhancing psychological well-being to mitigate these effects. Future research should refine the study design, expand the population scope, and explore positive coping strategies to improve psychological issues. Keywords: Cyberbullying experience; psychological well-being; appetite disturbance; structural equation model; university students.
Diphtheria Incidence is a Public Health Challenge in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) Dwi Hartanti, Monica; Sari Dewi Panjaitan, Novaria; Hidayat, Syarif; Fitriana, Fitriana; Sunarno, Sunarno; Susanty, Sri
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.953

Abstract

Background: Diphtheria remains a persistent public health issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where vaccination coverage is often inadequate. Recent outbreaks, such as those in the 1990s, highlight the ongoing threat posed by this vaccine-preventable disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides data for monitoring the global trends in diphtheria cases, helping countries remain vigilant against its resurgence. Objective: This study aims to analyze the trend of diphtheria cases and incidence rates in 10 countries with the highest disease burden as a public health challenge in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC), with a focus on the impact of vaccination coverage. Methods: Longitudinal study was utilized in this research. G-power was performed to calculate the sample size. In accordance with the goal year that was being investigated, the research ranked the nations that were chosen into the top ten countries that had the largest number of cases of diphtheria. Our analysis was based on secondary data obtained from the WHO and included the years 2017 through 2021. In order to assess the distribution of healthcare access and vaccine coverage, we conducted a descriptive analysis of all of the data. This served the purpose of identifying significant public health concerns that contribute to diphtheria epidemics. We used the Stata 16 application to perform analysis on all of the data. Results: The majority of diphtheria cases occur in African and Asian countries, especially in areas with lower DTP-3 vaccination coverage. Yemen, Ethiopia, and Nigeria have high diphtheria rates due to disparities in access to health services and immunization programs. Countries with higher vaccination rates, such as India and Indonesia, report lower rates despite having high numbers of cases. This suggests that strong immunization programs are essential to control the disease. Conclusion: Diphtheria continues to be a significant public health challenge in LMICs, exacerbated by geographic and socioeconomic disparities in vaccination coverage. Global cooperation, including support from high-income countries, is essential to strengthen immunization programs and prevent future outbreaks. Diphtheria should be recognized as a global health threat, requiring comprehensive and coordinated efforts to achieve eradication. Keywords: Diphtheria; incidence rate; reported cases; vaccinated
A Systematic Literature Review: The Effect of Health Education Concepts of Cervical Cancer in Community Based Bando, Epina Felizita; Mohamed Saifulaman Mohamed Said; Tukimin bin Sansuwito; Jipri Suyanto
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.957

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer remains a major global public health issue, particularly as a leading cause of mortality among women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries. The disease is predominantly associated with infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Despite its preventable nature, cervical cancer continues to pose a significant health burden due to limited access to screening and treatment services. Early detection through regular screening, such as Pap smears, and increased awareness of risk factors and early symptoms are critical in reducing morbidity and mortality. However, a key barrier to early detection and prevention is limited health literacy among women. Therefore, there is a pressing need for targeted health promotion and education interventions aimed at enhancing knowledge, awareness, and preventive practices related to cervical cancer. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the impact of health education interventions on the prevention of cervical cancer using a systematic literature review approach. Methods: A systematic search of peer-reviewed literature was conducted using indexed databases, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were screened based on relevance to the topic, study design, type of intervention, and reported outcomes. Fourteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for review. Data extraction focused on identifying key findings related to the effectiveness of health education, which were subsequently analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: Analysis of the included studies revealed that health education interventions have a significant positive impact on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to cervical cancer prevention. Whether implemented through community-based programs, professional healthcare training, or digital platforms, these interventions consistently improved participants’ awareness and engagement in preventive practices. Notably, the integration of traditional educational strategies with innovative technologies, such as mobile health applications, demonstrated enhanced effectiveness in increasing health literacy and participation. Conclusion: Health education represents a fundamental strategy in global efforts to reduce the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer. However, the effectiveness of these interventions varies depending on the population, cultural context, and delivery method. Tailoring educational programs to local needs and incorporating technology may optimize their reach and impact. Keywords: health literacy; awareness; attitude; cervical cancer prevention; health education
The Effectiveness of Health Education to Enhance Community Perception and Preferences Towards Honey for Healthcare Widiyanto, Aris; Acob, Joel Rey Acob; Adriani, Rita Benya; Yuniarti, Tri; Halimah, Trisakti; Atmojo, Joko Tri
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.959

Abstract

Background: Understanding the health benefits of honey has the potential to influence individual and family decision-making related to wellness and healthcare. Enhancing public knowledge through structured health education is therefore essential in shaping positive attitudes and informed choices regarding natural health remedies, such as honey. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of health education in improving community perceptions and preferences regarding the use of honey in healthcare. Methods: This quantitative study was conducted in February 2024 in Ngargoyoso Village, Karanganyar Regency, using a quasi-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design. An accidental sampling method was employed, resulting in a total of 40 respondents. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in SPSS version 22. The mean score of participants’ attitudes and preferences increased significantly from 15.22 ± 5.79 before the intervention to 21.87 ± 1.92 after the intervention. Results: The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in scores between the pre- and post-intervention phases (p-value = 0.0001), indicating a positive impact of health education on participants’ perceptions and preferences regarding the use of honey in healthcare. Conclusion: The findings suggest that health education significantly enhances public understanding and acceptance of honey's health benefits, demonstrating its effectiveness in influencing perceptions and health-related choices within the community. Keywords: health education; honey; healthcare; perception; preference
The Relationship of Respectful Midwifery Care (RMC) Evaluation to Satisfaction of Midwifery Services from the Mother's Perspective in the North Jakarta Region Heriza Syam; Hamdah Ridhaka Waljannah; Wa Ode Hajrah; Rosni Lubis; Ani Kusumastuti; Nina Primasari; Aticeh
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.960

Abstract

Background: The labor process represents a critical phase in ensuring maternal and neonatal safety. The quality of care provided by midwives during this period plays a vital role in determining health outcomes for both mothers and newborns. To achieve optimal care, midwives are required to possess competencies in line with the standards recommended by the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM), including the implementation of Respectful Midwifery Care (RMC). The concept of RMC has also been promoted by the Indonesian Midwives Association (IBI) as an essential component of quality midwifery services. However, empirical evidence on the implementation of RMC in Indonesia remains limited. This gap highlights the need to explore women’s perspectives on the application of RMC and its association with maternal satisfaction. Objective: This study aims to assess the implementation of Respectful Midwifery Care (RMC) from the perspective of mothers receiving delivery care by midwives and to examine its relationship with maternal satisfaction in midwifery services. Methods: This research employed a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design. The study involved 111 mothers who underwent physiological childbirth assisted by midwives at Level I Health Facilities in North Jakarta, with no maternal or neonatal complications or emergencies. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test to determine the relationship between RMC and maternal satisfaction. Results: The findings showed that 80.2% of midwives were perceived to have implemented RMC based on the mothers’ evaluations. A statistically significant association was found between the implementation of RMC and maternal satisfaction with midwifery services in North Jakarta (p = 0.000), with an Odds Ratio (OR) of 18.909. Conclusion: The implementation of Respectful Midwifery Care significantly influences maternal satisfaction with midwifery services. Mothers assisted by midwives who implement RMC are 18 times more likely to report satisfaction with their childbirth experience. The adoption of the RMC approach not only enhances maternal satisfaction but also contributes to the overall improvement of the quality of midwifery care. Keywords: respectful midwifery care; maternal satisfaction; midwifery services; quality of care
Palm Seed Insole Innovation for Alleviating Foot Numbness among Patients with Diabetes Suwannarat, Piyanuch; Prom-in, Supattra; Aumpama, Benjawan; Noipha, Kusumarn
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.964

Abstract

Background: Previous reviews have demonstrated the effectiveness of Thai reflexology massage in alleviating symptoms of diabetic neuropathy. However, there remains a notable gap regarding its long-term sustainability and ease of implementation. To address this issue, the Palm Seed Insole Innovation has been proposed as a practical alternative, offering benefits such as self-administration and accessibility. Nonetheless, comprehensive research including clinical trials and economic evaluations is essential to validate the efficacy and safety of this innovation. Objective: The objectives of this study were to develop a reflexology massage tool, evaluate the effectiveness of the palm seed insole innovation in improving foot sensation among individuals with diabetes, and assess user satisfaction with the innovation. Methods: This study employed a single-group pre-test and post-test design to assess the impact of self-administered foot massage using palm seed insoles on foot numbness among individuals aged 40–70 years diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. A purposive sampling method was used to recruit 35 participants who experienced peripheral foot numbness. Participants performed self-foot massage using the insoles for approximately 15 minutes, three times per week, over a four-week period. After the intervention, user satisfaction with the innovation was measured. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentages, means, standard deviations) and inferential statistics (paired t-tests). Results: The findings indicated a statistically significant improvement in foot sensation following the four-week intervention (p = 0.000). The mean numbness score for the right foot decreased from 1.71 to 0.60, while the score for the left foot decreased from 2.09 to 0.60. Furthermore, participants reported a high level of satisfaction with the use of the palm seed insole in reducing diabetic neuropathy symptoms. Regarding the innovation’s design, the satisfaction score averaged 4.49 with a standard deviation of 0.76, indicating a positive user experience. Conclusion: The study concluded that self-administered foot massage using the palm seed insole innovation significantly reduced numbness in both feet among individuals with type 2 diabetes. These findings support the potential integration of this innovation into existing diabetic foot care regimens, potentially contributing to the prevention of foot ulcers and lower-limb amputations. Further research involving larger sample sizes and extended follow-up is recommended to confirm these results and assess long-term outcomes. Keywords: palm seed insole; diabetic neuropathy; foot numbness; reflexology; innovation; monofilament
Air quality and adverse health effects of personnel exposed to airborne contaminants at Child Development Centres, Phatthalung Province, Thailand Decharat, Somsiri; Phethuayluk, Piriyalux
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.965

Abstract

Background: Indoor air quality (IAQ) is a critical factor influencing public health, especially in environments inhabited by vulnerable populations such as young children. Child Development Centres (CDCs) are particularly at risk of harboring airborne biological contaminants such as bacteria and fungi, which are affected by environmental variables including temperature and humidity. These contaminants can contribute to respiratory issues and other health complications. Objective: This study aimed to assess the levels of indoor temperature and relative humidity, evaluate bacterial and fungal concentrations, examine perceived health risks, and analyze the association between environmental parameters and microbial load in CDCs in Phatthalung Province, Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 20 CDCs from 1 to 27 February 2022, involving 59 staff members. Microbial air sampling was performed using settle plates based on gravitational sedimentation. Temperature and humidity were recorded at 8:30–9:30 AM and 2:30–3:30 PM. A structured questionnaire was used to assess health risk perceptions. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics (p < 0.05). Results: Average temperatures were 24.51 ± 0.59°C and 25.03 ± 0.63°C, while relative humidity levels were 56.40 ± 5.08% and 56.30 ± 5.08%, respectively. Microbial loads met acceptable standards, yet significant differences were observed based on ventilation, cleaning frequency, number of children, and time of sampling. Over half of respondents recognized health risks from poor IAQ. Conclusion: While microbial concentrations were within acceptable limits, regular monitoring and effective ventilation systems remain essential to minimize potential health risks in CDCs. Keywords: bacteria; fungi; indoor air quality; perceived health risks; childcare centres
Cultural Barrier and Cervical Cancer Stigma on Screening Program in Community: A Systematic Literature Review Epina Felizita Bando; Mohamed Saifulaman Mohamed Said; Tukimin bin Sansuwito; Jipri Suyanto
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.966

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where screening coverage is low due to cultural barriers and stigma. In many communities, reproductive health is considered a taboo subject, limiting women's access to accurate information and preventive services. The stigma associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), the primary cause of cervical cancer, often stems from misconceptions linking the infection to promiscuity, which leads to fear of judgment and social exclusion. Objectives: This study aims to explore the influence of cultural barriers and stigma on cervical cancer screening practices in diverse populations, particularly in LMICs. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using three major databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Studies published between 2020 and 2024 were screened based on titles, methodologies, interventions, and outcomes. A total of 79 relevant articles were reviewed and synthesized using a narrative framework. Results: The analysis of nine key studies highlights that women in LMICs, including Zimbabwe, Ethiopia, and India, face stigma, misinformation, and limited access to healthcare, all of which hinder screening participation. Similar challenges are observed among migrant and Indigenous populations in high-income countries. HPV self-sampling has emerged as a culturally acceptable and accessible method that increases participation, particularly when supported by trained health workers. However, concerns about test reliability and discomfort remain. Conclusion: To improve cervical cancer screening outcomes, culturally responsive education, access to self-sampling, and community-based interventions are essential. Addressing social determinants of health and involving local health workers are key strategies to enhance participation and reduce cervical cancer burden globally. Keywords: cervical cancer screening; stigma; cultural barriers; HPV; health education; self-sampling; social determinants of health
The Influence of Maternal Mental Health Disorders on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Scoping Review Karita Aulia Tama; Kusrini, Prima; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Susiarno, Hadi; Adepoju, Victor Abiola
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v11i2.975

Abstract

Background: Maternal mental health challenges, particularly depression and anxiety, are significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and postpartum depression. However, the role of psychosocial factors in alleviating these risks remains poorly understood. These concerns are often overlooked during prenatal care, especially in low-resource settings. Objective: This scoping review seeks to examine the influence of maternal mental health disorders on pregnancy outcomes and to identify psychosocial factors that may mitigate associated risks. Methods: A scoping review was conducted utilizing databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. Fifteen studies were selected from an initial pool of 831 publications published between 2019 and 2024, according to the established inclusion criteria. Results: Our review demonstrates a significant correlation between maternal depression and anxiety and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight, and cesarean delivery. Psychosocial factors, such as partner support and stress-coping strategies, significantly mitigate these risks. Timely identification and thorough prenatal mental health therapies are essential for improving long-term outcomes for mothers and infants. Conclusion: Maternal mental health profoundly affects pregnancy outcomes. Incorporating mental health assessments and psychosocial support into standard prenatal care is crucial for mitigating negative effects. Future research should concentrate on creating scalable therapies customized for various populations and providing ongoing care during the perinatal period. Keywords: maternal mental health; pregnancy outcomes; antenatal depression; antenatal anxiety

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