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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasains : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kefarmasian JPSCR : Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Jurnal Karinov Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Usadha Abdi Samulang : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia
Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda
Departemen Farmasi Bahan Alam, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Jl. Kamboja No.11A Denpasar, Indonesia, 80233.
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Journal : Usadha

 1 
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Rebusan dan Infusa Daun Jeruju (Achantus illicifolious) terhadap Bakteri Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Maria Dewi, Ni Putu; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Arman Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade; Surya Rahadi, I Wayan; Sandhi Kusuma Yuda, Putu Era; Santoso, Puguh
Usadha Vol 3 No 1 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i1.7222

Abstract

Infectious diseases are still a health problem throughout the world, including in Indonesia. One cause of infection that needs to be watched out for is resistance to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Continuous use of antibiotics can cause problems with microbial resistance. Indonesia has various plant species that can actually provide benefits but have not been specifically cultivated. Jeruju leaves (Achanthus ilicifolius) from mangrove plants contain bioactive compounds that have the potential to be antibacterial. The aim of this research is to determine the antibacterial activity of Jeruju leaf decoction and infusion against MRSA bacteria. Antibacterial activity testing uses MRSA bacteria. The results of the phytochemical screening of Jeruju leaf infusion contained secondary metabolite compounds in the form of flavonoids, tannins, saponins and quinones. Meanwhile, the results of the phytochemical screening of Jeruju leaf decoction contained secondary metabolites in the form of tannins, saponins and quinones. Based on the results of research conducted on infusions and decoctions of Jeruju leaves at concentrations of 30%, 60% and 90%, they did not have inhibitory power on the antibacterial activity of MRSA, as seen from the inhibition zone. Zero inhibition zone for MRSA bacteria. It can be concluded that the infusion and decoction of Jeruju (Achantus illicifolious) leaves do not have antibacterial activity against MRSA.
Kajian Etnofarmasi Kelompok Masyarakat Banjar Saraseda Tampaksiring Gianyar Bali Puspita Wati, Ni Putu; Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman; Suradnyana, I Gede Made; Kusuma Yuda, I Putu Era Sandhi; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Megawati, Fitria
Usadha Vol 2 No 3 (2023): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v2i3.7376

Abstract

  The use of ethnopharmaceutical practices remains widespread in Bali, as this knowledge has been passed down through generations. Although the Balinese people still strongly uphold their traditional healing systems and have long utilized plants as medicinal ingredients, there is still limited research documenting the diversity of plant species recorded in the Usadha manuscripts along with their therapeutic uses. This study aimed to inventory medicinal plants that are still used by the community in Banjar Saraseda, Tampaksiring, Gianyar, Bali. The study employed a descriptive design, with data collected through interviews to obtain information from respondents regarding local plant names, therapeutic uses/indications, parts of the plant utilized, and methods of preparation and application. The data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables. Based on the ethnopharmacological survey conducted in Banjar Saraseda, Tampaksiring, Gianyar, Bali, a total of 20 medicinal plant species were recorded. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves (75%), followed by rhizomes (15%) and fruits (10%). The primary methods of preparation included boiling (65%), pounding (15%), grating, crushing, brewing, and direct use (each 5%). Based on therapeutic indications, the plants were mainly used to treat fever (20%), muscle pain and gout (20%), hypertension (20%), skin itching (10%), diabetes (10%), and to manage wounds, diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, and gastritis (each 5%). This study demonstrates that the Banjar Saraseda community in Tampaksiring, Gianyar, Bali continues to preserve traditional knowledge in the use of medicinal plants that has been inherited through generations.
Mini Review: Potensi Ekstrak Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) sebagai Antibakteri Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Pramesti , Luh Ratih Widhia; Widyani Nayaka , Ni Made Dwi Mara; Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes
Usadha Vol 3 No 3 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i3.7036

Abstract

  Infectious diseases by bacteria are one of the problems in the world of health. The therapy that can be given to people with bacterial infections is antibiotics. However, the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance and bacterial infections requires other antibiotic alternatives such as those sourced from natural materials. Bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp) included in the Myrtaceae family is one of the plants that is widely known among Indonesian people which empirically has properties in curing various diseases. Bay leaves are known to contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids, eugenol, and essential oils that function as antibacterials. This literature review aims to discuss the antibacterial activity of bay leaves against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as the components of active compounds in bay leaves and their mechanism as antibacterials. The method used in the preparation of this review article is the literature study method. This research uses secondary data taken from the results of other researchers' research in the form of scientific articles that have been published in national and international scientific journals with a year limit from 2014 to 2023. Based on the literature study that has been done, it is known that bay leaves have potential as antibacterials against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibacterial activity is known to be related to the content of active compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenoids, steroids, phenols, and essential oils.
Kajian Etnofarmasi Kelompok Masyarakat Banjar Subamia Kelong, Tabanan Bali Perayanthi, Reni; Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman; Kusuma Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Vernandes Sasadara, Maria Malida; Suradnyana, I Gede Made; Sugiyanto, Milyadi
Usadha Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v3i2.7369

Abstract

  Bali is rich in culture and traditions passed down from generation to generation, especially in the ethnopharmacy aspect as a traditional medecine. This research aims to study ethnopharmacy aspects of the application of herbal plants as traditional medicine including plant parts, processing methods, indications, and usage of herbal plants in Banjar Subamia Kelong, Tabanan, Bali. This research was carried out using survey methods, direct observation in the field, and interviews. This research identified 20 types of plants that are generally used by the community in the Banjar Subamia Kelong. The plant parts generally used are leaves (60%), stems (15%), rhizomes (15%) and fruit (10%). Most of the plants are processed by boiling (60%). These medicinal plants are mostly used orally (65%), and the general indication is to treat joint problems, such as muscle pain and gout (25%).
Identifikasi Senyawa Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Cascara (Coffea arabica L.) Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes; Cahyaningsih, Erna; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri; Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita; Megawati, Fitria; Tirtayasa, Gede Agus Ari
Usadha Vol 4 No 1 (2025): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v4i1.12181

Abstract

Cascara refers to the dried husk of coffee cherries. It has garnered significant attention in recent research due to its phytochemical composition and potential health benefits. Several studies have highlighted the presence of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity exhibited by cascara. This study aims to investigate the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of cascara. The cascara was extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol, followed by phytochemical screening for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, and quinones using standard color reactions in test tubes. Antioxidant activity was assessed via the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, with ascorbic acid as a reference compound. The phytochemical profile of the extract was identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The findings indicated that cascara contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. GC-MS analysis identified caffeine, hexadecanoic acid (methyl ester), and hexadecanoic acid (ethyl ester) as the predominant compounds in cascara. The antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method demonstrated that the ethanol extract of cascara possesses moderate antioxidant potential, with an average IC50 value of 108.49 ± 1.28 ppm. Ascorbic acid, the reference compound used in this study, yielded an IC50 of 2.53 ppm, categorized as very strong. This research underscores cascara’s potential as a valuable source of antioxidants with significant health benefits, influenced by geographic factors affecting its bioactive compound profile. Consequently, cascara holds promise for further development as a raw material for functional health-promoting products.
Produksi Ramah Lingkungan Granul Instan Antioksidan dari Kulit Jeruk Bali (Citrus maxima) Menggunakan Ekstraksi Berbantuan Enzim Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Ni Kadek Lita; Adinda Puspita Elisabet Lian; Ni Putu Jayanti Putri; I Gusti Ayu Sri Candramukhi Devi Dasi; Intan Alfira Kolifay; Erna Cahyaningsih; Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara
Usadha Vol 4 No 3 (2025): Usadha : Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v4i3.13155

Abstract

Pomelo peel (Citrus maxima) is an agricultural by-product rich in bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which have potential antioxidant and anti-aging properties. However, the high pectin content in citrus peels can hinder the release of these active compounds. The objective of this study was to improve the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds from pomelo peel using an environmentally friendly Enzyme-Assisted Extraction (EAE) method employing pectinase enzymes and to formulate the extract into instant effervescent granules. The granules produced using enzymatic extraction, granules prepared without enzymes, and control granules were evaluated through sensory assessment, physical quality analysis, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity (DPPH method), and crude fiber content. The results showed that enzyme-assisted extraction granules (EEG) exhibited significantly higher free radical scavenging activity (49.57 ± 6.10%) compared to non-enzymatic granules (NEG) (28.48 ± 8.67%). EEG also demonstrated a higher total phenolic content (0.027 g/100 g) than NEG (0.017 g/100 g). In addition, EEG showed better sensory acceptance and physical quality, including a more balanced taste, a stronger citrus aroma, and higher fiber content. These findings indicate that the application of the EAE method can enhance phenolic and fiber content, physical quality, and antioxidant activity of instant pomelo peel granules, suggesting their potential development as an environmentally friendly natural antioxidant product.
Penentuan Kadar Total Flavonoid Pada Ekstrak Bunga Kenop (Gomphrena globosa L.) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS Cahyaningsih, Erna; Dewi , Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita; Yuda, Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma; Irlangga, I Gusti Ngurah Agustia Adi Surya Taksu
Usadha Vol 4 No 3 (2025): Usadha : Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Flavonoids are phenolic compounds widely distributed in plants and are well known for their antioxidant activity, which plays an important role in preventing degenerative diseases. One plant with potential as a flavonoid source is the globe amaranth flower (Gomphrena globosa L.), which has been traditionally used and reported to exhibit various pharmacological activities. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid content of globe amaranth flower extract grown in Bali. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method with 96% ethanol at a ratio of 1:10, followed by remaceration. Phytochemical screening was performed to identify the presence of flavonoids, while total flavonoid content was determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with quercetin as the standard. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoid compounds in the extract. The determination of total flavonoid content showed a maximum wavelength at 433 nm, with a regression equation of Y = 0.0778X + 0.0012 and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9982. The total flavonoid content obtained was 81.808 mgQE/100 g extract. In conclusion, the globe amaranth flower (Gomphrena globosa L.) is a promising natural source of flavonoids and has potential to be developed as a raw material for traditional medicine, particularly as a natural antioxidant.
Co-Authors Adinda Puspita Elisabet Lian Agung Ari Chandra Wibawa Agustini, Ni Putu Dewi Anita Dewi, Ni Luh Kade Arman Apriliani, Ni Luh Putri Darmawan, I Wayan Agus Debby Juliadi Desak Ketut Ernawati Dewa Ayu Ika Pramitha Dewi , Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi, Ni Kadek Dwi Purnama Dwi Arymbhi Sanjaya Elis Suwarni Erna Cahyaningsih Erna Cahyaningsih Gusti Ayu Intan Puspita Dewi Gusti Ayu Made Indah Siantari Gusti Ayu Putri Cantika Dewi Gusti Ayu Putu Yosinta Sasmita Handani, Dewa Ayu Sri I Gusti Ayu Sri Candramukhi Devi Dasi I Made Agus Mahardika I Putu Tangkas Suwantara Indah Muthia Susanthi Indriani, Felia Riska Intan Alfira Kolifay Irlangga, I Gusti Ngurah Agustia Adi Surya Taksu Luh Risma Putri Rahayu Made Agus Deny Mahendra Putra Maria Dewi, Ni Putu Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara Maria Malida Vernandes Sasadara Megawati , Erna Cahyaningsih Megawati , Fitria Megawati, Fitria Ni Kadek Lita Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Ni Luh Putu Swari Ni Luh Sintya Ni Made Dharma Shantini Suena Ni Made Dwi Mara Widyani Nayaka Ni Made Wiwik Setiawati Ni Nyoman Wahyu Udayani Ni Putu Dewanty Suwirtawati Ni Putu Jayanti Putri Ni Putu Siska Sugiantari Ni Putu Udayana Antari Ni Putu Yuni Winariyanthi Ni Wayan Budi Sari Nita, Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Perayanthi, Reni Pramesti , Luh Ratih Widhia Puguh Santoso Puguh Santoso Puguh Santoso puguh santoso, puguh Puspita Wati, Ni Putu Putra Hilmi Prayitno Putra, I Made Agus Sunadi Putri, Ni Kadek Dila Pratiwi Putri, Ni Kadek Nisa Leoni Rahadi, I Wayan Surya Sari, Ni Wayan Budi Sasadara, Maria Malida Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes Suarnata, I Gede Agus Sugiantari, Ni Putu Siska Sugiyanto, Milyadi Sukmayanti, Ni Kadek Suradnyana, I Gede Made Surya Rahadi, I Wayan Susanthi, Indah Muthia Suwarni, Elis Swari, Ni Luh Putu Tirtayasa, Gede Agus Ari Vernandes Sasadara, Maria Malida Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma Wardani, I Gusti Ayu Agung Kusuma Widnyani, Dewa Ayu Sri Bintang Widyani Nayaka , Ni Made Dwi Mara Winariyanthi, Ni Putu Yuni Yanti, Ni Kadek Pradnya