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Tangguda, Sartika
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Manajemen Pemberian Pakan Pada Pembesaran Ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) Di Balai Benih Ikan (BBI) Lewa, Sumba Timur, Nusa Tenggara Timur Mata, Thalita C.M.M.; Tangguda, Sartika; Valentine, Riris Yuli
JURNAL MEGAPTERA Vol 1, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Megaptera (JMTR)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Kupang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jmtr.v1i1.11836

Abstract

Pakan adalah salah satu faktor utama yang harus diperhatikan untuk pertumbuhan ikan lele. Ketersediaan pakan dalam proses budidaya harus memperhatikan beberapa hal antara lain adalah jumlah, tepat waktu, berkesinambungan, memenuhi syarat gizi, mudah dicerna, dan disukai ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui manajemen pemberian pakan yang tepat dalam menunjang pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan lele sangkuriang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode deskriptif dengan membandingkan 2 perlakuan, yaitu perlakuan A (FF 4 kali, FR 10%) dan perlakuan B (FF 3 kali, FR 8%). Penelitian dilakukan pada 6 Desember 2021 – 28 Januari 2022 di BBI Lewa, Sumba Timur, NTT. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertambahan bobot mutlak, pertambahan panjang mutlak, SGR, EPP, FCR, dan SR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan A menghasilkan pertambahan bobot mutlak (5,8 gram), pertambahan panjang mutlak (9,2 cm), SGR (16,5%), dan SR (91%) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan B. Namun EPP dan FCR yang lebih baik diperoleh pada perlakuan B, yaitu 89,6% dan 1,0. Dengan demikian disimpulkan bahwa FF 4 kali dengan FR 10% memberikan hasil pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup yang lebih baik dibandingkan FF 3 kali dengan FR 8%.Feed is one of the main factors that must be considered for the growth of catfish. Availability of feed in the cultivation must pay attention to several things, including the amount, on time, sustainable, meets nutritional requirements, is easy to digest, and likes fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate management of feeding in supporting the growth and survival of sangkuriang catfish. The method used in this research is descriptive method by comparing 2 treatments, treatment A (FF 4 times, FR 10%) and treatment B (FF 3 times, FR 8%). The research was conducted on December 6, 2021 – January 28, 2022 at BBI Lewa, East Sumba, NTT. Parameters observed were absolute weight gain, absolute length gain, SGR, EPP, FCR, and SR. The results showed that treatment A resulted in absolute weight gain (5.8 grams), absolute length gain (9.2 cm), SGR (16.5%), and SR (91%) which were higher than treatment B. However, EPP and FCR that better was obtained in treatment B, 89.6% and 1.0, respectively. It was concluded that 4 times FF with 10% FR gave better growth and survival results than 3 times FF with 8% FR.
Aplikasi Bioball Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Nitrit Pada Limbah Tambak Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) Tangguda, Sartika; Serihollo, Lukas Giovani Gonzales; Usman, Zainal; Amalo, Pieter; Sinaga, Riris Yuli Valentine; Pratiwi, Rifqah; Kusuma, Ni Putu Dian; Hariyadi, Dimas Rizky; Timuneno, Melkias
JURNAL MEGAPTERA Vol 4, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Megaptera (JMTR)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Kupang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jmtr.v4i1.15731

Abstract

Limbah pada budidaya Udang vaname (L. vannamei) mengandung sejumlah senyawa yang bersifat toksik, salah satunya adalah Nitrit (NO2 - ) yang bersifat tidak stabil dalam air. Penyaringan limbah sangat diperlukan sebelum dibuang ke perairan umum untuk mencegah terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan, salah satu cara yang dilakukan yaitu aplikasi bioball sebagai media tumbuh mikroorganisme atau bakteri yang berperan sebagai bioremediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis jumlah bioball yang efektif untuk menurunkan kadar nitrit pada limbah budidaya udang vaname serta mengetahui parameter kualitas air yang berperan dalam penguraian limbah tambak udang tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif untuk melihat pengaruh bioball dalam menurunkan kadar nitrit pada limbah tambak udang vaname. Penelitian ini diawali dengan menyalurkan air limbah hasil buangan kegiatan budidaya udang vaname ke dalam tandon penampungan. Kemudian pada masing-masing tandon penampungan dimasukkan filter biologis sesuai dengan rancangan, yaitu P1 (bioball sebanyak 2.000 buah), P2 (bioball sebanyak 3.000 buah), dan P3 (bioball sebanyak 4.000 buah). Parameter utama yang diamati adalah kadar nitrit, sedangkan parameter penunjang yang diamati terdiri dari kadar nitrat, fosfat, suhu, pH, salinitas, dan intensitas cahaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan P2 (penggunaan bioball sebanyak 3.000 buah) menghasilkan kadar nitrit yang lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan P1 dan P3, yaitu 0.020 mg/L. Parameter kualitas air yang berpengaruh terhadap penguraian limbah tambak udang vaname dengan menggunakan bioball adalah suhu, pH, salinitas, intensitas cahaya, nitrat, dan fosfat. Pada penelitian selanjutnya perlu dilakukan penambahan naungan atau shelter pada tandon penampungan limbah sehingga suhu dan intensitas cahaya tidak terlalu tinggi dan dapat memaksimalkan kinerja filter biologis.Waste from Vaname Shrimp (L. vannamei) cultivation contains a number of toxic compounds, one of which is Nitrite (NO2 - ) which is unstable in water. Waste filtration is essential before being discharged into public waters to prevent environmental pollution, one way is to apply bioballs as a growing medium for microorganisms or bacteria that act as bioremediation. This study aims to analyze the number of bioballs that are effective in reducing nitrite levels in vaname shrimp cultivation waste and to determine the water quality parameters that play a role in the decomposition of shrimp pond waste. The method used in this study is a descriptive method to see the effect of bioballs in reducing nitrite levels in vaname shrimp pond waste. This study began by channeling wastewater from vaname shrimp cultivation activities into a storage tank. Then, a biological filter was inserted into each storage tank according to the design, namely P1 (2,000 bioballs), P2 (3,000 bioballs), and P3 (4,000 bioballs). The main parameters observed were nitrite levels, while the supporting parameters observed consisted of nitrate, phosphate, temperature, pH, salinity, and light intensity levels. The results showed that treatment P2 (using 3,000 bioballs) produced lower nitrite levels compared to treatments P1 and P3, which was 0.020 mg/L. Water quality parameters that affect the decomposition of vaname shrimp pond waste using bioballs are temperature, pH, salinity, light intensity, nitrate, and phosphate. In further research, it is necessary to add shade or shelter to the waste storage tank so that the temperature and light intensity are not too high and can maximize the performance of the biological filter.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF WHITELEG SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) AT DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITIES IN A POLYCULTURE SYSTEM WITH SEA GRAPE (Caulerpa sp.) Valentine, Riris Yuli; Hariyadi, Dimas Rizky; Tangguda, Sartika
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 20, No 1 (2025): Maret (2025)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.20.1.2025.49-62

Abstract

This study evaluated the growth performance, survival rate, and water quality improvement in a polyculture system integrating whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and sea grapes (Caulerpa sp.) with different shrimp stocking densities. This study employed a completely randomized design with three treatments, each at three levels of shrimp densities (15, 30, and 45 individuals per tank with a capacity of 0.06 m³), integrated with sea grape (50 g) for 60 days. During maintenance, shrimp were fed commercial feed, and no water changes were performed. The results showed that the highest shrimp growth and survival were obtained at a density of 15 individuals per tank, with growth rates of 6.54% day-1 and survival rates of 98% for the shrimp, resulting in optimal growth in Caulerpa sp. In contrast, a higher stocking density (45 individuals per tank) was associated with lower observed growth and survival rate of whiteleg shrimp throughout the culture period. Water quality showed favourable conditions for both, with pH levels (6.5–9.4), dissolved oxygen concentrations (5.0–8.2 mg L-1), and temperatures (26–38°C) within the optimal range. The polyculture system facilitated nutrient recycling, where shrimp waste was utilized by Caulerpa sp., effectively reducing nitrate and phosphate concentrations and preventing eutrophication in all treatments with increased stocking density. The conclusion of this study highlighted the potential of the polyculture system to improve ecological balance and productivity in aquaculture. Lower shrimp stocking densities resulted in high growth and survival, while integrating Caulerpa sp. contributed to environmental sustainability. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, dan perbaikan kualitas air dalam sistem polikultur yang mengintegrasikan udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) dan anggur laut (Caulerpa sp.) dengan kepadatan tebar udang yang berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan, yaitu tiga tingkat kepadatan udang (15, 30, dan 45 ekor per wadah berkapasitas 0,06 m³), masing-masing diintegrasikan dengan anggur laut (50 g) selama 60 hari. Selama pemeliharaan, udang diberi pakan komersial dan tidak dilakukan pergantian air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup udang tertinggi diperoleh pada kepadatan 15 ekor per wadah, masing-masing sebesar 6,54% per hari dan 98%, serta menghasilkan pertumbuhan Caulerpa sp. yang optimal. Sebaliknya, kepadatan tebar yang lebih tinggi (45 ekor per wadah) menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan tingkat kelangsungan hidup udang vaname yang lebih rendah selama masa pemeliharaan. Kualitas air menunjukkan kondisi yang mendukung untuk keduanya, dengan pH (6,5–9,4), oksigen terlarut (5,0–8,2 mg L-1), dan suhu (26–38°C) berada dalam kisaran optimal. Sistem polikultur ini memfasilitasi daur ulang nutrien, di mana limbah udang dimanfaatkan oleh Caulerpa sp., secara efektif mengurangi konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat serta mencegah eutrofikasi pada semua perlakuan, bahkan dengan peningkatan kepadatan tebar. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menyoroti potensi sistem polikultur dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan ekologis dan produktivitas di bidang akuakultur. Kepadatan tebar udang yang rendah menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup yang tinggi, sementara integrasi dengan Caulerpa sp. berkontribusi terhadap keberlanjutan lingkungan.
The Effect Of Different Stocking With Vitamin C Supplementation Feed On The Growth And Survival Of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ayu, dewa; Restu, I Wayan; Susylowati, Dewi; Tangguda, Sartika
Journal Of Artha Biological Engineering Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : PT. Artha GenetikaLab Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62521/01d0f118

Abstract

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the freshwater fish commodities with significant economic value. The stocking density of a cultivation container is one of the principles that need to be understood, since the denser the stocking in a container, the more competition for feed and oxygen there will be, which can negatively impact fish health. Determining the right stocking density and vitamin C supplementation can be a solution for farmers in maintaining fish health to increase productivity. The purpose of this research was to determine the best stocking density through vitamin C supplementation as seen from the growth data and survival of tilapia during 30 days of maintenance. The research method that will be used is experimental with a Completely Randomized Design. The research consisted of a stocking density treatment of 15 fish/container, a stocking density treatment of 25 fish/container, and a stocking density treatment of 35 fish/container. Each treatment will be given 3 repetitions. Vitamin C supplementation is given in the feed with a dose of 150 mg/kg of feed. The cultivation container used has a volume of 15 L of water as a cultivation medium. Growth and survival data will be analyzed using SPSS and water quality data as supporting data will be analyzed using Ms. Excel and presented descriptively quantitatively. The results of the research showed that the highest length, weight, and survival values were in treatment A (15 fish/L) with a length growth of 2.43 cm and a weight of 2.42 grams and a survival rate of 86.63%. The results of the ANOVA analysis showed that the stocking density treatment had a significant effect on the length of tilapia, but did not have a significant effect on the weight and survival of the fish. The water quality conditions were still at the optimal standard quality values for tilapia maintenance in all treatments.
EFFECTS OF FEEDING RATE REDUCTION ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND FEED UTILIZATION OF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP REARED USING BIOFLOC SYSTEM Kusmiatun, Anik; Utami, Diah Ayu Satyari; Firnaeni, Tata; Kaborang, Yasinta Ega; Harijono, Teguh; Tangguda, Sartika; Triyastuti, Meilya Suzan; Djauhari, Ricky; Tantulo, Uras; Sihombing, Mika Azarya
Jurnal Riset Akuakultur Vol 19, No 4 (2024): Desember (2024)
Publisher : Politeknik Kelautan dan Perikanan Jembrana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/jra.19.4.2024.331-343

Abstract

Biofloc in shrimp aquaculture provides natural food and reduces the reliance on commercial feed. The extent to which biofloc can optimize feeding management is not, however, fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of reducing feeding rates on the growth performance and feed utilization of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in a biofloc system. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments: K (standard feeding, clear water), N (standard feeding, biofloc), NA (25% feeding reduction, biofloc), and NB (50% feeding reduction, biofloc). Shrimp were stocked at 40 individuals per tank and fed commercial feed containing 40% protein over a 30-day period. Results showed that shrimp in the NA treatment (25% feed reduction with biofloc) had the highest final weight (8.66 ± 0.03 g), biomass (306.13 ± 14.27 g), and weight gain (5.74 ± 0.25 g) compared to other treatments (P<0.05). NA also exhibited a higher specific growth rate (3.63 ± 0.27 %/day) than K and NB. Feed utilization improved with a lower feed conversion ratio and higher protein retention in the NA group. This study highlights that a 25% feeding rate reduction in biofloc systems optimizes shrimp growth and feed utilization. Future research should explore long-term sustainability, biofloc composition variations, and technological integration for scaling up efficient and environmentally sustainable shrimp farming operations.Penggunaan bioflok dalam budidaya udang memberikan makanan alami dan mengurangi ketergantungan pada pakan komersial. Namun, sejauh mana bioflok dapat mengoptimalkan manajemen pakan belum sepenuhnya dipahami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek pengurangan laju pemberian pakan terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan pakan udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang dibudidayakan dalam sistem bioflok. Desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu: K (pemberian pakan standar, air jernih), N (pemberian pakan standar, bioflok), NA (pengurangan pakan 25%, bioflok), dan NB (pengurangan pakan 50%, bioflok). Udang ditempatkan sebanyak 40 individu per tangki dan diberi pakan komersial yang mengandung 40% protein selama 30 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa udang pada perlakuan NA (pengurangan pakan 25% dengan bioflok) memiliki berat akhir tertinggi (8,66 ± 0,03 g), biomassa (306,13 ± 14,27 g), dan kenaikan berat (5,74 ± 0,25 g) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya (P<0,05). NA juga menunjukkan tingkat pertumbuhan spesifik yang lebih tinggi (3,63 ± 0,27 %/hari) dibandingkan K dan NB. Pemanfaatan pakan meningkat dengan rasio konversi pakan yang lebih rendah dan retensi protein yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok NA. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengurangan feeding rate pakan sebesar 25% dalam sistem bioflok mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan udang dan pemanfaatan pakan. Penelitian di masa depan harus mengeksplorasi keberlanjutan jangka panjang, variasi komposisi bioflok, dan integrasi teknologi untuk meningkatkan praktik budidaya udang yang efisien dan ramah lingkungan.
Sosialisasi Budidaya Perikanan Dalam Ember Sebagai Solusi Alternatif Pendapatan Masyarakat Di Desa Bolok, Kupang NTT Yuli Valentine, Riris; Dian K, Ni Putu; Tangguda, Sartika; Hariyadi, Dimas Rizky
Jurnal Pengabdian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 2 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Pengabdian Perikanan Indonesia
Publisher : Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppi.v2i2.1335

Abstract

Aquaculture is a food production sector that is developing quite rapidly in the world with a projection that production will double in the next 15-20 years. However, to run a cultivation system, you must have a large area of ​​land and large capital. The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on all aspects of people's lives. One of the aspects most affected by the pandemic is the economy, namely the occurrence of mass layoffs. Therefore, it is necessary to make alternative efforts that can help increase people's income during a pandemic, with a low risk of failure, and easy to implement as a side business during a pandemic. Budikdamber or also known as fish farming in buckets, can be an alternative business that can be done to maintain food security and increase income during a pandemic. Budikdamber is a form of fish farming that is inexpensive and easy to implement. The Budikdamber extension activity is one way to educate the community around Bolok Village, West Kupang, NTT. This PkM program was carried out with the output of the Budikdamber extension activity on November 9, 2020, attended by 56 participants from Bolok Village, West Kupang District, Kab. Kupang. The output of this program is that the people of Bolok Village are more educated about the easy and inexpensive practice of catfish farming in order to maintain independent food security in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic and at the same time become an alternative solution for people's income, because they do not use large land and can take advantage of the yard. .
PENGOLAHAN RUMPUT LAUT Eucheuma sp. BAGI KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT DESA TABLOLONG, KUPANG BARAT, NTT Tangguda, Sartika; Siahaan, Irandha C.M.; Hariyadi, Dimas; Valentine, Riris
Jurnal Pengabdian Perikanan Indonesia Vol 2 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Pengabdian Perikanan Indonesia
Publisher : Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppi.v2i2.1337

Abstract

Seaweed is a fishery commodity that has been widely processed into consumption and non-consumption products. Tablolong Village is located in Kupang Regency which is one of the locations for Eucheuma sp. The Covid-19 pandemic has had the effect of decreasing the price of seaweed, thus affecting the income of people who work as seaweed cultivators. The repeated use of seeds also causes the quality of the seaweed to decrease which in turn lowers the selling price of the seaweed. This activity aims to increase the selling price of seaweed through processing seaweed into seaweed lunkhead and seaweed noodles for the people of Tablolong Village, West Kupang, NTT. This community service was carried out in October – December 2021 through outreach activities and training on making seaweed lunkhead and seaweed noodles located in Tablolong Village, West Kupang District, Kupang Regency, NTT. The socialization and training activities on making seaweed lunkhead and seaweed noodles were carried out on October 19, 2021. The activity began with the provision of material on seaweed and processed seaweed which was then continued with the practice of making seaweed lunkhead and seaweed noodles by women. activity participants. The participants of the activity seemed enthusiastic about participating in the activity and were able to directly make the processed seaweed products. The activity participants also innovated to make pastries with a mixture of seaweed so that they could produce delicious and nutritious snacks. Based on the results of the activity, it can be concluded that the price of seaweed can be increased again through processing seaweed into various consumption products so that it can open up new business opportunities for the Tablolong Village community.
Optimization of Water Quality Management on Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Vannamei Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at Marine Science Techno Park, Diponegoro University Pratiwi, Rifqah; Windiarto, Arif; Tangguda, Sartika
Management Science Research Journal Vol. 2 No. 4 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : PT Larva Wijaya Penerbit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56548/msr.v2i4.78

Abstract

Water quality plays an important role in super-intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation because it can affect growth and survival performance, so its management needs to be considered optimally. Application of Bacillus subtilis bacteria can suppress the development of Vibrio sp. and also can stabilize plankton growth and maintain the balance of pond water quality. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimization of water quality management on the growth performance and survival rate of vannamei shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at Marine Science Techno Park, Diponegoro University. This research method is a case study that includes interviews, observations, and following all stages in the process of vannamei shrimp production at Marine Science Techno Park, Diponegoro University. Water quality management in vannamei shrimp ponds includes treatments of water change, sipon, calcification, probiotics, and monitoring of water quality parameters. The results showed optimization of water quality management with the application of several routine treatments, showing temperature values of 26.50 – 28.80°C; pH 7.75 – 8.55; brightness 28.00 – 45.00 cm; salinity 10.00 – 35.00 g/L; dissolved oxygen 3.99 – 4.58 mg/L; alkalinity 134.00 – 164.00 mg/L; nitrite 0.00 – 0.60 mg/L; and water color ranges from light green, brown, brownish green. Optimization of water quality management in shrimp production with the application of several routine treatments can improve growth performance with ABW 17.91 g/ind, ADG 0.36 g/day, and survival 57.16% with a harvest size of 50 – 55.
Productivity of Vannamei Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Intensive Aquaculture System with the Addition of Probiotics at CV. Daun Prima, East Java Pratiwi, Rifqah; Tangguda, Sartika; Raditya, Made Saha Apta
Management Science Research Journal Vol. 2 No. 4 (2023): November 2023
Publisher : PT Larva Wijaya Penerbit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56548/msr.v2i4.80

Abstract

Vannamei shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the leading fishery commodities that have high economic value. The very high market demand for vannamei shrimp makes farmers carry out intensive cultivation with the addition of probiotics, in order to produce high productivity. This study aims to determine the productivity of vannamei shrimp in intensive cultivation with the addition of probiotics. This research method is a case study that includes interviews, observations, and following all stages in the process of vannamei shrimp production at CV. Daun Prima. Techniques of vannamei shrimp cultivation include pond preparation, media preparation, fry selection and stocking, feed management, water quality management, growth monitoring, pest and disease monitoring, and harvesting. The treatment used is the administration of probiotics containing bacteria Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Nitrosomonas, and Nitrobacter which function to optimize shrimp growth and maintain stable water quality. Shrimp production performance during 77 days of maintenance yielded SR 87%; biomass 2.8 tons; harvest size 66; ABW 15.15 grams/ind; ADG 0.23 grams/day; and FCR 1.12. Water quality during maintenance is within the optimum range to support shrimp growth, including temperature 28 – 31 °C; brightness 22 – 44 cm; pH 7.6 – 8.4; salinity 30 – 32 g/L; and dissolved oxygen 4.4 – 5.3 mg/L. Vaname shrimp cultivation with intensive technology with the addition of probiotics applied at CV. Daun Prima shows optimal productivity.
Co-Authors Amalo, Pieter ANIK KUSMIATUN Arning Wilujeng Ekawati Ayu, Dewa Betty, Ellysabet M. A. Cahyanurani, Annisa’ Bias Deo, Alkuinus Fransisko Gahol DIAH AYU SATYARI UTAMI Dian K, Ni Putu Diana Arfiati Firnaeni, Tata goru bere, maria margaretha Harijono, Teguh Hariyadi, Dimas Hariyadi, Dimas Rizky I Nyoman Dodik Prasetia I Wayan Restu Kaborang, Yasinta Ega Kusuma, Ni Putu Dian Lau, Juniar Regina Mata, Thalita C.M.M. Meilya Suzan Triyastuti, Meilya Suzan Ndoen, Gilbert Ronelsto DJ Pietoyo, Atiek Pratiwi, Rifqah Raditya, Made Saha Apta Ricky Djauhari Serihollo, Lukas G. G Siahaan, Irandha C.M. Sihombing, Mika Azarya Sinaga, Riris Yuli Valentine Sudiarsa, I Nyoman Susylowati, Dewi Tage Tenga, Maria Rosaline Tantulo, Uras Timuneno, Melkias Valentine, Riris Valentine, Riris Yuli Windiarto, Arif Yuli Valentine, Riris Zainal Usman