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Between Conservatism and Progressivism: The Young Penghulu in East Java's Legal Paradigm Addresses Disability Issues in Marriage Nur Hadi, Mukhammad; Ali Sabri, Fahruddin; Masum, Ahmad
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 10 No 2 (2023): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v10i2.7352

The legal knowledge of penghulu on disability issues determines how to implement laws that advocate for persons with disabilities. This paper traces the legal paradigm of seven Penghulus in East Java who were newly inducted in 2022 against several articles in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) that touch on disability issues. Some of the themes tracked are marriage guardians (article 22), marriage witnesses (article 25), and polygamy (article 57). It is an empirical study using conceptual and philosophical approaches. This article finds that most young East Javanese penghulu still need an advocate interpretation paradigm because they read the articles authentically and grammatically, not sociologically or teleologically. The benefit (maslahah) aspect of these articles is also considered to look more authentic. Therefore, the argument of advocates for the rights of persons with a human rights perspective is not widely involved. As a result, persons with disabilities who are guardians of marriage, witnesses of marriage, and wives can become victims of neglect of fundamental civil rights in marriage. It is where the conservative paradigm of the young penghulu comes into being strong and dominant. The existence of the progressive paradigm is also buried and framed in the current conservative paradigm. This finding is certainly an important note about how the government indirectly shapes the contestation of conservative and progressive paradigms in family law.

Wage-based Dowry Legal Paradigm: Perspectives of Muslim Generation Z in Surabaya Hadi, Mukhammad Nur; Syatta, Indy Mafiiqo; Safitri, Eka; Sabri, Fahruddin Ali; Masum, Ahmad
Al-Ahkam Vol 33, No 2 (2023): October
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ahkam.2023.33.2.17591

This paper traces the perception of Generation Z Muslims in Surabaya about marriage dowry. Data was obtained from questionnaires distributed to them, and finally received 174 respondents. Two things that were tracked were their perception of the Regional Minimum Wage-based dowry quality and quantity standards and their legal paradigm towards the idea of wage-based dowry. This study shows two important things. First, most of them disagree with wage-based dowry in the context of quantity. On the other hand, in the context of quality, they agree that dowry should be of productive value. At this point, they display a unique position because productivity is interpreted dually, wage-based standards and not. Second, they respond to this issue using four paradigms: sociological, normative, anthropological, and juridical. Sociological and juridical paradigms create the value of reciprocal protection, male and female. The normative paradigm establishes the importance of patriarchal protection. While the anthropological paradigm is more binding on the preservation of tradition. Here, it can be seen that the paradigm influence of protection on women in the context of wage-based dowry standards is quite strong, although sometimes women are trapped in a patriarchal paradigm.

Husband’s ‘Iddah in Indonesian Islamic Law Context: Insights from the Fatwa Approach of the Indonesian Women’s Ulema Congress Sam'un, Sam'un; Hadi, Mukhammad Nur
Al-Hukama': The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol. 13 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2023.13.2.297-323

Islamic family law does not recognize ‘iddah (waiting period) for a husband. However, in Indonesia, he is culturally recommended to postpone remarrying until the completion of his wife's ‘iddah. This article discusses conceptualizing the husband's ‘iddah using the fatwa approach of the Indonesian Women’s Ulema Congress (KUPI). Employing a conceptual and philosophical approach, this article explores secondary data through KUPI's three main fatwa approaches: ma’ruf, mubadalah, and ultimate justice. This article demonstrates that the husband's 'iddah can be deemed obligatory. First, from the ma’ruf perspective, the husband's remarriage during the 'iddah period often harms her due to neglect in providing post-divorce financial support. Second, from a mubadalah standpoint, postponing remarriage after divorce should ideally apply to both husband and wife, allowing psychological reflection space for parties. Third, in the context of ulitimate justice, the husband's remarriage during the ‘iddah period violates the principles of true justice in fulfilling and protecting the rights of women and children. This is because women and children experience more significant and prolonged psychological and social discrimination than men. In this context, mandating ‘iddah for husbands through KUPI's fatwa approach is a pertinent recommendation in Indonesian Islamic legal reform.

ATTITUDE AND LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF MUSLIM FAMILIES REGARDING THE MUI FATWA ON SUPPORTING PALESTINE Hadi, Mukhammad Nur; Anto, Abdul Haris Fitri; Ningtyas, Mega Ayu; Sholikhah, Nichatus
Indonesian Journal of Shariah and Justice Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Program Pascasarjana Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Ternate

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46339/ijsj.v4i2.138

The issuance of MUI Fatwa number 83 of 2023, addressing the Law and Support for the Palestinian Struggle, has elicited diverse reactions from the public. Some view it as a means of expressing solidarity with the Palestinian people's struggle against colonialism. In contrast, others harbor skepticism due to potential negative repercussions, especially for Muslim families targeted by the fatwa. Consequently, this study aims to assess the support of Muslim families for MUI Fatwa No. 23 of 2023, particularly those directly impacted and unaffected by the fatwa. Employing a quantitative-qualitative method, this research uses psychological and philosophical approach by utilizing attitude and Maqashid theory. The research utilized a Likert scale measuring support for the MUI fatwa, validated and tested for reliability. The scale was administered through the Google Form application in an online distribution. The study involved 176 Muslim families, encompassing both those affected and unaffected by the fatwa. Overall, the findings indicate a moderate level (mean 62,81). It covered 35,8% of the respondent's support for the MUI fatwa among Muslim families. Post hoc analysis revealed a significantly higher mean for the affective aspect (3.94) compared to the cognitive (3.75) and behavioral aspects (3.65), emphasizing the emotional nature of the support. Furthermore, a comparison of support between affected (64.02) and unaffected (62.3) families revealed an insignificant difference (p-value 0.152 > 0.05). In the perspective attitude theory, the Muslim family's response to the MUI fatwa falls within the moderate range and leans towards an emotional rather than cognitive and behavioral inclination. In the Maqashid perspective, they tend to fight for the value of human protection (hifdh an-nafs) for themselves and their families. On the one hand they also condemn Israel's crimes against Palestinians. Here it can be stated that their attitude and legal consciousness in the cognitive aspect is not comparable to the practical aspect.

Conservatism on Islamic Legal Maxims: Judicial Interpretation of Polygamous Marriage at the Religious Courts of Mojokerto, Indonesia Hadi, Mukhammad Nur; Islamiyah, Latifatul; Kurniawan, Cecep Soleh
Journal of Islamic Law Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): Journal of Islamic Law
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24260/jil.v4i2.1637

This article explores religious judges’ interpretations of Islamic legal maxims through a content analysis of 30 verdicts that granted permission for husbands’ polygamous marriages issued by the Religious Court of Mojokerto in Indonesia from 2020 to 2022. Despite governmental efforts to restrict polygamous marriage practices due to potential negative consequences, religious judges often grant permission to husbands, considering a balance between maṣlaḥah (public good) and mafsadah (harm). Employing a normative-philosophical approach, this article identifies two recurring Islamic legal maxims consistently applied by judges: “dar’u al-mafāsid muqaddamun ‘alā jalb al-maṣāliḥ” and “idhā taʼārada mafṣadaṭānī rūʼiya aʼẓamuhumā ḍararan bi al-’irtikābi akhaffihimā.” However, their legal interpretations regarding maṣlaḥah and mafsadah reinforce the husband’s interest in the case of polygamous marriage. Thus, the authors argue that the interpretations of these legal maxims in practice reflect a conservative perspective that strengthens patriarchal hierarchies. These findings highlight that Islamic legal maxims as legal principles within Islam have not yet effectively functioned as an instrument of protection for vulnerable groups, especially women and children.

Ayah Tiri sebagai Wali Nikah Perspektif Empat Mazhab Fitri, Riskha; Hadi, Mukhammad Nur
Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Department of Comparative Mazhab Comparative, Fakulty of Shariah and Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/komparatif.v4i2.2477

Abstract: Marriage is a physical and mental bond between a man and a woman that aims to form a happy and eternal family. In marriage, some pillars and conditions determine the validity of a marriage. One of them is the presence of a guardian. Islamic Law Pluralism refers to the diversity of views, madzhab, in the application of valid Islamic law. In this case, there are differences of opinion in the fiqh madzhab in determining the law. Therefore, in this study, the author examines the validity of the stepfather as a marriage guardian based on the views of the madzhab imams, with a case study focusing on the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) of Kraton District, Pasuruan Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach with a comparative analysis method. Data collection was conducted through interviews with the KUA and strengthened by literature review from the fiqh books of the four main madhhabs: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali. The results of the study reveal that there are different views among the madzhab imams regarding the validity of stepfathers as marriage guardians. Stepfather as a marriage guardian, according to the views of Imam Hanafi and Imam Maliki, allows the stepfather to be a marriage guardian because, according to Imam Maliki, the right of ijbar wali is owned by every Muslim. And according to Imam Hanafi, it is permissible to marry without a guardian or ask someone else to marry him. Meanwhile, according to Imam Hanbali and Imam Syafi'i, a stepfather is not valid as a marriage guardian because a stepfather is not a nasab guardian and does not have the right of ijbar.Keywords: Marriage Guardian, Stepfather, Imams of the Madzhab, Islamic Marriage Law. Abstrak: Pernikahan merupakan ikatan lahir batin antara seorang pria dan wanita yang bertujuan untuk membentuk keluarga yang bahagia dan kekal. Dalam pernikahan terdapat rukun dan syarat yang menentukan sahnya suatu pernikahan tersebut. Salah satunya yaitu adanya wali. Pluralisme Hukum Islam mengacu pada keragaman pandangan, madzhab dalam penerapan hukum islam yang sah. Dalam hal ini terdapat perbedaan pendapat madzhab fiqih dalam menetapkan hukum. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini penulis mengkaji keabsahan ayah tiri sebagai wali nikah berdasarkan pandangan para imam mazhab, dengan studi kasus yang berfokus pada Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) Kecamatan Kraton, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis-komparatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan pihak KUA, serta diperkuat dengan kajian literatur dari kitab-kitab fiqh empat madzhab utama: Hanafi, Maliki, Syafi’i, dan Hanbali. Hasil penelitian mengungkap adanya perbedaan pandangan di antara imam madzhab terkait keabsahan ayah tiri sebagai wali nikah. Ayah tiri menjadi wali nikah menurut pandangan Imam Hanafi dan Imam Maliki memperbolehkan ayah tiri menjadi wali nikah dikarenakan menurut Imam Maliki hak ijbar wali dimiliki oleh setiap muslim. Dan menurut Imam Hanafi memperbolehkan nikah tanpa wali atau meminta orang lain untuk menikahkannya. Sedangkan menurut Imam Hanbali dan Imam Syafi’i, ayah tiri tidak sah menjadi wali nikah dikarenakan ayah tiri bukan termasuk wali nasab dan tidak memiliki hak ijbar.Kata kunci: Wali Nikah, Ayah Tiri, Imam Mazhab, Hukum perkawinan Islam.

CONSERVATIVE MUSLIM ON THE SCREEN: The Narrative of Islamic Family Law in Indonesian Films Hadi, Mukhammad Nur
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2021.14202

This article focuses on the paradigm of Islamic family law in four Indonesian Islamic films: When Cinta Bertasbih 2 (2009), The Unmissable Heaven (2015), Talak 3 (2016), and Wedding Agreement (2018). This article brings a discussion of family law issues that were constructed in these films, with the purpose to find out what kind of family law tendencies are presented. This research utilizes a qualitative content analysis approach. It means the data was collected by examining scene by scene related to family law issues in the four films and then analyzed. As a result, this article argues that a variety of Islamic family law issues, including unregistered marriage, polygamy, triple talaq, and marriage agreements in the films, tend to result in conservative rather than progressive fiqh. This demonstrates that there is an attempt (wittingly/unwittingly) to emphasize the conservative Islamic family law paradigm in these Islamic films'.Artikel ini fokus pada paradigma hukum keluarga Islam di beberapa film islami Indonesia. Film-film yang dimaksud adalah Ketika Cinta Bertasbih 2 (2009), Surga Yang Tak Dirindukan (2015), Talak 3 (2016), dan Wedding Agreement (2018). Artikel ini menyajikan diskusi isu hukum keluarga yang direka dalam beberapa film tersebut, di mana tujuannya adalah untuk menemukan seperti apa kecenderungan hukum keluarga yang dihadirkan. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan pendekatan analisis isi (content analysis) secara kualitatif. Artinya, data-data dikumpulkan dengan menelaah adegan demi adegan yang berkaitan dengan isu hukum keluarga Islam dalam keempat film tersebut, kemudian dianalisis. Alhasil, artikel ini berargumen bahwa ragam isu hukum perkawinan, seperti nikah siri, poligami, talak tiga, hingga perjanjian perkawinan dalam film-film itu cenderung mengarah kepada fikih konservatif, bukan progresif. Hal ini menandakan adanya geliat mengutamakan paradigma hukum keluarga Islam yang bernalar konservatif dalam film-film tersebut, terlepas apakah itu disengaja atau tidak.

THE NARRATIVE OF PROTECTING POLYGAMOUS WOMEN IN INDONESIA'S DIGITAL WORLD: Between Moderate and Conservative Muslims Hadi, Mukhammad Nur
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 15 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2022.15201

This article focuses on the narrative of the polygamy issue on four Indonesian Islamic websites: portal-islam.id, nu.or.id, rumaysho.com, and muslim.or.id. They are selected based on ranking and visitation by referring to the results of processing data on similarweb. Deploying a content analysis approach, this article looks at the extent to which moderate and conservative school websites display the legal narrative of polygamy on their platforms. This research shows that there is a reasonably intense contestation between conservative and moderate perspectives on Islamic websites on the issue of polygamy. Both use the excuse of protecting women as the fundamental argument. Moderate Islamic website such as nu.or.id criticizes conservative understanding but also shows some views that align with traditional schools. The conservative Islamic websites: portal-islam.id, rumaysho.com, and muslim.or.id mostly stand firmly on the traditional argument, polygamy means protecting women. I argue that in this position, the moderate and the conservative Islamic websites, at the top of the rankings do not significantly impact the progressivity of the polygamy legal discourse movement in the digital discourse.[Artikel ini berfokus pada narasi isu poligami di empat situs web Islami Indonesia: portal-islam.id, nu.or.id, rumaysho.com, dan muslim.or.id. Mereka diseleksi berdasarkan ranking dan visitasi dengan mengacu pada hasil pengolahan data pada similarweb. Menggunakan pendekatan analisis konten, artikel ini melihat sejauh mana situs web Islami bernuansa moderat dan konservatif menampilkan narasi hukum poligami di platform mereka. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kontestasi antara perspektif konservatif dan moderat dalam situs web Islami tentang isu poligami. Keduanya menggunakan dalih melindungi perempuan sebagai argumen dasar. Situs web Islami beraliran moderat, yakni nu.or.id mengkritisi pemahaman konservatif, tetapi juga menunjukkan beberapa pandangannya berkelindan dengan aliran tradisional. Situs web Islami yang konservatif: portal-islam.id, rumaysho.com, dan muslim.or.id sebagian besar berdiri teguh pada argumen tradisional, yakni poligami berarti melindungi perempuan. Saya berargumen bahwa dalam posisi ini, situs-situs web Islami moderat dan konservatif, di peringkat teratas tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap progresivitas gerakan wacana hukum poligami dalam wacana digital.]

Between Conservatism and Progressivism: The Young Penghulu in East Java's Legal Paradigm Addresses Disability Issues in Marriage Nur Hadi, Mukhammad; Ali Sabri, Fahruddin; Masum, Ahmad
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 10 No 2 (2023): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v10i2.7352

The legal knowledge of penghulu on disability issues determines how to implement laws that advocate for persons with disabilities. This paper traces the legal paradigm of seven Penghulus in East Java who were newly inducted in 2022 against several articles in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) that touch on disability issues. Some of the themes tracked are marriage guardians (article 22), marriage witnesses (article 25), and polygamy (article 57). It is an empirical study using conceptual and philosophical approaches. This article finds that most young East Javanese penghulu still need an advocate interpretation paradigm because they read the articles authentically and grammatically, not sociologically or teleologically. The benefit (maslahah) aspect of these articles is also considered to look more authentic. Therefore, the argument of advocates for the rights of persons with a human rights perspective is not widely involved. As a result, persons with disabilities who are guardians of marriage, witnesses of marriage, and wives can become victims of neglect of fundamental civil rights in marriage. It is where the conservative paradigm of the young penghulu comes into being strong and dominant. The existence of the progressive paradigm is also buried and framed in the current conservative paradigm. This finding is certainly an important note about how the government indirectly shapes the contestation of conservative and progressive paradigms in family law.

Children’s Legal Identity at Stake: Reconstructing Maqasid al-Syari'ah through Marriage Isbat Applications by the Second Generation in Pasuruan Rifqi, Muhammad Jazil; Nadhifah, Nurul Asiya; Hadi, Mukhammad Nur; Junaidy, Abdul Basith; Solikin, Agus
El-Mashlahah Vol 15 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Palangka Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23971/el-mashlahah.v15i1.9068

The article explored the issue of legal identity among children born from nikah siri (unregistered marriages) in Pasuruan, Indonesia, who pursue isbat nikah to formally legalize their parents’ undocumented married. Based on earlier research that focused primarily on the marital relationship, the study highlighted a generational shift, wherein children from these married are no longer passive observers but active legal participants seeking access to inheritance, educational entitlements, and official guardianship. Utilizing a socio-legal qualitative methodology, the research employed interviews with petitioners, religious court judges, and representatives from the Office of Religious Affairs. The findings found out that isbat nikah serves not only as a corrective legal process but also as a strategic means to reintroduce excluded families into the formal legal framework of the state. From the theoretical view of maqasid al-syari'ah, the study shows how Islamic legal objectives including the preservation of lineage (hifz al-nasl), the pursuit of justice (‘adl), and the safeguarding of dignity (hifz al-‘ird) are being reshaped through judicial interpretation and community practice. The study enriched current discourse on legal pluralism, reform in Islamic family law, and the emergent role of youth in engaging with religious legal institutions. Although its scope is limited to Pasuruan, the research provides a foundation for comparative investigations into how second-generation actors operate within overlapping legal systems across Muslim-majority societies.

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