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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Jurnal Perak Malahayati : Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science SEHAT : JURNAL KESEHATAN TERPADU Biomedical Research and Theory Letters
Sahara, Nita
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Energy Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Veterinary

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Modulation of AR-FGF-2-TGF beta Axis by Cosmos caudatus Suppresses Prostatic Epithelial Proliferation in a BPH Rat Model: A Comparative Study with Finasteride Sahara, Nita; Mudigdo, Ambar; Wasita, Brian; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini; Dirgahayu, Paramasari; Cilmiaty, Risya
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science Articles in Press
Publisher : Pandawa Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.370

Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression is critically influenced by the androgen receptor (AR), Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling axis. Although finasteride (FIN) is the standard therapeutic agent, its use is limited by adverse effects. This study evaluated the efficacy of Cosmos caudatus (CC) extract, administered alone or in combination with FIN, in modulating the AR–FGF-2–TGF-β axis in a testosterone-induced BPH rat model. Rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): Normal (N), BPH control (KN), FIN (KP; 0.44 mg/kg), CC extract (P1; 250 mg/kg), and combination (P2; CC 250 mg/kg + FIN 0.44 mg/kg). Prostatic AR, FGF-2, and TGF-β expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) with H-score quantification. Both KP and P1 significantly reduced AR (KP: 112 ± 15; P1: 105 ± 12 vs KN: 195 ± 18, p < 0.05) and FGF-2 (KP: 98 ± 14; P1: 92 ± 11 vs KN: 180 ± 20, p < 0.05), approaching normal values (AR N: 90 ± 10; FGF-2 N: 85 ± 9). In contrast, combination therapy (P2) failed to suppress AR (188 ± 17, p = 0.936) and FGF-2 (175 ± 19, p = 0.870) and induced a significant increase in TGF-β (P2: 145 ± 16 vs KN: 110 ± 12, p < 0.05). All treatment groups showed reduced epithelial thickness and prostate index (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that CC extract alone exerts therapeutic effects comparable to FIN by modulating the AR–FGF-2 axis, whereas combining it with FIN disrupts pathway regulation and promotes a pro-fibrotic response. The study supports the potential of CC extract as an effective alternative for BPH management without pharmacologic complications.
Co-Authors Adelia, Adis Afifah, Sabrina Nurul Alwaliu, A Fatwa Ambar Mudigdo Anggunan, Anggunan Anisa, Putri APRIALDY, M.RIZKY Brian Wasita Dalfian, Dalfian Detty, Ade Utia Djamil, Adrian Rival Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Fadilah, Enzelia Farhan, Achmad Fauziah, Winny Restu Festy Ladyani Mustofa Gusna, Abdillah Daniel Hadiarto, Rinto Hasan, Destriana Hasbie, Neno Fitriyani Hendarsah, Nabila Silviani Hutasuhut, Arti Febriyani Indra Kumala Khansa, Widya Lestari, Sri Maria Puji Makatita, Muhamad Alhamto Marciano, Romi Oktaprianti, Diah Paramasari Dirgahayu Prasetyo, Wien Wiratmoko Guritno Tedjo Pratama, Ady Wahyu Pratama, Rihiantoro Bagas Purnanto, Eko Purwaningrum, Ratna Ramadhan, Moch. Fajar Akbar Resti Arania, Resti Risya Cilmiaty, Risya Safiyra, Cut Lailan Salsabila, Nadia Sani, Nopi Sardi, Adelia Putri Shakira, Dina Sjahriani, Tessa Sofyan, Muhammad Kholid Suriadi, Ghulam Muharam Triswanti, Nia Triwahyuni, Tussy Utami, Deviani Wahyudi, Alfi Wibowo, Purwo Abdi Wiratmoko, Wien