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Journal : Protech Biosystems Journal

Design of a Melinjo Flaking Machine with Hopper and Semi Automatic Collecting Tray Miftahurrahman, Miftahurrahman; Huda, Ahmad Akromul; Karyanik, Karyanik; H. Abdullah, Sirajuddin
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2024): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v4i2.28533

Abstract

Demand for melinjo chips is high, but the current production method is less efficient in terms of time. The melinjo flattening machine is a new innovation that has the potential to replace the conventional process, thus optimising post-harvest handling. It is expected that the use of this flattening machine can increase work capacity and facilitate the production of quality melinjo flattening products in the future. This study used experimental methodology with a one-factor completely randomised design (CRD) research design. The experiment consisted of three treatments, namely P1, P2, and P3, with amounts of 1000 grams, 2000 grams, and 3000 grams, respectively. Each treatment was repeated three times, resulting in nine experimental units. Observation data were analysed using the BNJ test at the 5% level to determine which treatment had a significant effect on yield. The test results show that the melinjo seed flattener can operate properly. In testing the capacity of the tool shows the greatest working capacity of the machine, P3, which is 28.73 grams/minute.  The processing time test shows that the treatment that produces the most time is P3 of 88 minutes.  In testing the weight of the flattener results show that P3 produces the most with a value of 2516.67 grams. It is necessary to make improvements to the hopper and redesign by calculating the bulk angle of melinjo seeds, so that melinjo seeds can easily go down to the rationing section. In addition, a stirrer is designed for melinjo seeds that are ready to be flaked with the flattening machine so that when roasting with a stirrer, the melinjo seeds that are still hot are immediately put into the hopper so that they can be flattened using the semi-automatic flattening machine.
Utilization of Pumpkin seed waste extract as an inhibitor in reducing the corrosion rate on metals Hidayatullah, Syarif; Sari, Nasmi Herlina; Huda, Ahmad Akromul; Pradityatama, Maharsa; Sinarep, Sinarep; suteja, suteja
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2025): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v5i1.32116

Abstract

Our research focuses on enhancing the potential of pumpkin seed waste extract as a sustainable corrosion inhibitor for metal (Fe) in 1 M HCl solution. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity were identified. Various investigative methodologies including experimental techniques such as Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP) were used to evaluate the effectiveness of these pumpkin seed waste extract inhibitors in inhibiting corrosion. Electrochemical results showed that the effectiveness of the inhibitor was concentration dependent here reaching 83.11% at 3000 g/L pumpkin seed waste extract inhibitor. The PDP showed that the mixed inhibition control effectively retarded the corrosion of the metal. Furthermore, the adsorption behavior of the pumpkin seed waste extract inhibitor onto the metal follows the Langmuir isotherm model with physisorption properties. The adsorption mechanism of the inhibitor on the metal surface successfully formed a protective film on the metal surface thereby reducing the corrosion rate.  
Box Cooler Design on Duku Fruit Alcohol Distillation Machine with refrigerator cooling system Huda, Ahmad Akromul; Karyanik, Karyanik; Muanah, Muanah; Dewi, Earlyna Sinthia
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2025): Protech Biosystem Journal
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v5i1.33091

Abstract

This research aims to design and build an alcohol distillation machine made from duku fruit using a refrigerator cooling system and a box cooler as a condenser. The distillation machine utilizes a heating furnace to produce ethanol vapor from fermentation, which is then condensed in a cooled box cooler. Tests were conducted with variations in furnace temperature (110°C, 125°C, 140°C, and 155°C). The results show that the higher the heating temperature, the volume of distillate produced increases, from ±132 ml to ±330 ml. However, the ethanol content remained relatively low (10-20%) due to the low initial ethanol content of the fermentation and only one-stage distillation. These results show that the design of the device can function well on a laboratory scale, although further distillation is needed to increase the ethanol content. This research is expected to be the first step in developing a small-scale ethanol distillation device that is efficient and easy to implement.  
THE USE OF KAPOK SEED AGRICULTURAL WASTE AS A SOURCE OF NATURAL CORROSION INHIBITOR FOR ALUMINUM 6061 Hidayatullah, Syarif; Huda, Ahmad Akromul; Suteja, Suteja
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2025): Protech Biosytem Journal (Desember)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v5i2.35784

Abstract

Aluminum 6061 is one of the most widely used materials across various industrial sectors due to its good mechanical properties, lightweight nature, and corrosion resistance. However, in acidic environments, aluminum remains susceptible to corrosion, which can reduce its performance and service life. This study utilizes agricultural waste from kapok seeds (Ceiba pentandra) as an environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for Aluminum 6061. The extract was obtained through maceration using ethanol as the solvent and was applied in corrosion tests of Aluminum 6061 in 1 M HCl solution. The evaluation was conducted using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques, along with isothermal adsorption analysis to understand the adsorption mechanism of the inhibitor on the metal surface. The results showed that the kapok seed extract significantly increased polarization resistance and reduced the corrosion rate, achieving a maximum inhibition efficiency of 78.77% at an optimal concentration of 3000 ppm. The inhibitor adsorption followed the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating strong binding interactions between the inhibitor molecules and the aluminum surface. Therefore, kapok seed extract has great potential as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective corrosion inhibitor for aluminum-based industries.
IMPROVING ANTIBACTERIAL, THERMAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PVA BIOCOMPOSITES REINFORCED WITH TIMOHO FIBER NANOCELLULOSE Suteja, Suteja; Hidayatullah, Syarif; Huda, Ahmad Akromul
Protech Biosystems Journal Vol 5, No 2 (2025): Protech Biosytem Journal (Desember)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/protech.v5i2.36289

Abstract

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has promising potential as gas purification membrane and bioplastic substitute for conventional materials. PVA material was reinforced with nanocellulose timoho fibers (NCT). Ten grams of NCT, 30 mL of distilled water, and 10 grams of PVA were stirred (500 rpm) at <80 oC on a magnetic stirrer until gel formed, then spread on a Petri dish and dried in an oven at 50 °C for 21 hours. The elongation, tensile strength, and elastic modulus test results of PVA-NCT biocomposites showed increases of 21%, 29.97%, and 31.57%, respectively, compared to PVA biocomposites. This was due to the role of NCT as reinforcing agent and the mobility of PVA when tensile test. SEM morphology showed a fine speckled surface due to clumping. The thermal resistance of biocomposite increased due to the good interfacial bonding between NCT and the PVA matrix, thereby reducing the rate of weight loss. Exothermic reactions occurred in both biocomposites. The PVA biocomposite had a melting temperature of 110.34 °C, and PVA-NCT biocomposite 119.83 °C. The antibacterial activity of the PVA biocomposite has a lower inhibitory power compared to the PVA-NCT biocomposite. These biocomposites can be used for membrane materials and environmentally friendly bioplastics.