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Journal : Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn)

Students’ competitiveness: motivation or fear? Wu, Lin; Purwaningrum, Evi Kurniasari; Ho, Yi Ming; Prihadi, Kususanto Ditto; Cheng, Chen; Qian, Kuang
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 19, No 2: May 2025
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v19i2.20906

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the factors that contribute to the high level of competitiveness among students in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The expectancy value theory has suggested that the fear of failure (FOF) and a highly perceived value for achievement (expectancy value belief, EVB) are the key drivers of competitiveness. To examine this theory, the study analyzed data from 969 college students in the PRC using Bootstrap Analysis with 5,000 samples in a 95% confidence interval. The study found that while the value placed on academic achievement did motivate students to fear failure and become more competitive, perceived social support played a significant role in moderating this relationship. Specifically, the students’ perception of social support moderated the mediation of (FOF) on the link between EVB and competitiveness. These findings suggest that social support is a crucial factor in shaping the dynamics of competitiveness among PRC students. The study may have implications for educators and policymakers seeking to promote healthy competition and academic achievement in highly competitive education systems.
Grit among college students: social or personal? Wong, Bridgette Tsin Ee; Prihadi, Kususanto Ditto; Ashok, Arman Imran; Huan, Tan Li; Jamaluddin, Anne
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 19, No 2: May 2025
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v19i2.21064

Abstract

Grit, the personal characteristic of perseverance and passion for long-term goals, plays a vital role in college students' success and well-being. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of optimism (a personal factor) and college mattering (a social factor), as well as their underlying mechanism on grit among college students. Data was collected from 186 participants from Selangor, Malaysia, who voluntarily responded to the college mattering scale (CMS), life orientation test-revised (LOT-R), and grit scale (Grit-S) Scale. The Bootstrap method with 5,000 resamples at a 95% confidence interval was employed for analysis. Our findings suggested that while college mattering and optimism did not significantly predict grit when controlling for each other, both social and personal factors are similarly important in predicting the development of grit, and that any intervention program or module to improve the students’ grit must encompass both social development and the improvement of social dynamics in the academic institutions.
Parenting style and students’ happiness in China Satrio, Prakrisno; Wu, Lin; Cheng, Chen; Qian, Kuang; Ho, Yi Ming; Prihadi, Kususanto Ditto
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 18, No 1: February 2024
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v18i1.20878

Abstract

This study examined the dynamic between perceived authoritarian parenting style (PAPS), and subjective wellbeing (SWB) among purposively recruited 423 college students in China. Expectancy value beliefs (EVB), fear of failure (FOF), and competitiveness were taken as mediators. The data were analyzed using Bootstrap method of 5000 sample and 95% confidence interval. The results revealed a significant negative total effect of PAPS on SWB. Additionally, two indirect paths were found to be significant: the mediation of FOF (Path 2) and the serial mediation of FOF and competitiveness (Path 6). These findings suggest that the perception of authoritarian parenting style is a negative predictor of students' happiness, and that FOF and competitiveness played important mediating roles in this relationship. These findings have important implications for educators, parents, and policymakers who aim to promote positive academic and personal outcomes for college students. The results suggest the need for interventions that address the negative impact of PAPS on students' wellbeing, and the importance of fostering positive beliefs about the value of education and academic achievement, as well as reducing FOF and promoting healthy competition.
Students’ intercultural helping tendency: the role of societal mattering, Model United Nations, and digital literacy Emeralda, Dee; Daniella, Deana; Dayana, Nur Raidah; Palanival, Vibushanen; Prihadi, Kususanto Ditto; Shoba, Cynthia
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 2: May 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i2.24331

Abstract

This study investigates the moderated mediation relationship between societal mattering, intercultural competence (ICC), and intercultural helping tendency (IHT) among university students. Societal mattering, reflecting individuals perceived relevance within broader societal contexts, is hypothesized to affect IHT indirectly through ICC. This research aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 (quality education) and SDG 16 (peace, justice, and strong institutions) by advancing evidence on how educational experiences cultivate intercultural understanding and prosocial engagement in diverse communities. The study employs two moderators, namely Model United Nations involvement (MUNI) and new media literacy (NML), to assess their influence on these interactions. Using the G*Power sample size calculator, 97 purposively selected university students were recruited. Data collection utilized validated instruments, including the cultural intelligence scale, helping attitude scale, university mattering scale (UM-S), new media literacy scale (NMLS), and a demographic questionnaire. The data were analyzed using moderated mediation modeling with PROCESS Macro Model 76. Results indicate societal mattering indirectly impacts IHT via ICC, particularly for students with moderate or high MUNI and low NML. The findings highlight MUN value in fostering IHT and ICC, informing policies for multicultural education.
Do psychology students matter to the society? Social support and their fear of failure Anas, Farhah Fatimah Az-Zahrah MH; Luke, Shula Mathiyaal; Hakimi, Azman; Ho, Yi Ming; Prihadi, Kususanto Ditto
Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Vol 20, No 2: May 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/edulearn.v20i2.21869

Abstract

The surge in demand for psychology professionals is followed by a similar rise in the intake of psychology students. Nevertheless, many psychology students suffer from the maladaptive fear that they will experience failure in their studies or future profession. Past studies suggested that their fear of failure (FOF) can be mitigated through social support, yet students across different educational levels may perceive such support differently. This research aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 3) (good health and well-being) and SDG 4 (quality education) by addressing psychological well-being and supportive learning conditions that enhance students’ academic and professional readiness. Purposive sampling was conducted to recruit 138 psychology students from all levels (Diploma, Bachelor, Master, and Doctorate) from universities in Malaysia and Indonesia. Data were collected using the online versions of the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory, General Mattering Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, along with demographic questions and an informed consent form. Data analysis employed the Bootstrap method at 5,000 resampling with a 95% confidence interval using PROCESS Macro Model 59 for moderated mediation. The results suggested that mattering significantly and fully mediated the contribution of perceived social support to the development of FOF, and that education level did not significantly moderate the mediation, as the effect occurred among students at all levels. Limitations and suggestions are discussed.