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The Relationship Between Formula Feeding and Incidence of Diarrhea Among Infants Ages 0-6 Months at Sikumana Public Health Center, Kupang City Suban, Irenne Sovia Lestari; Amat, Anita Lidesna Shinta; Wardani, Nimas Prita Rahajeningtyas Kusuma; Woda, Rahel Rara
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10989

Abstract

Diarrhea remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among infants in Indonesia. Formula feeding is often associated with diarrhea, especially among infants under six months of age. Based on 2024 data from the Kupang City Health Office, Sikumana Public Health Center ranked second in diarrhea cases among children under five, with 1,376 reported cases. This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The population included all infants aged 0–6 months residing in the Sikumana Public Health Center area. A total of 120 infants were selected using a consecutive sampling technique according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to parents and verified with information from the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) book. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. Among the 120 respondents, 21 infants (17.5%) received formula, while 99 infants (82.5%) did not receive formula. A total of 45 infants (37.5%) experienced diarrhea, and 75 infants (62.5%) did not. Data analysis indicated no meaningful connection between formula feeding and the occurrence of diarrhea (p = 0.352). There was no significant association between formula feeding and the rates of diarrhea in infants aged 0–6 months at the Sikumana Public Health Center located in Kupang City.
Relationship Between Physical Activity Intensity and Total Cholesterol Levels in Elderly at Social Welfare Service Unit (UPTD) for Elderly, Kupang Tenis, Linus Chaesarandy; Koamesah, Sanggwana Marthen Jacobus; Riwu, Audrey Gracelia; Rini, Desi Indria; Woda, Rahel Rara
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.11077

Abstract

The increasing number of elderly individuals in Indonesia each year is accompanied by a higher prevalence of degenerative diseases, including hypercholesterolemia. However, with advancing age, elderly individuals tend to experience a decline in functional capacity, leading to reduced physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between physical activity intensity and total cholesterol levels among elderly residents at the Kupang Elderly Social Welfare Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) in 2025. This analytical study employed a cross-sectional design involving elderly residents of the Kupang Elderly Social Welfare UPTD. Data were examined through both univariate and bivariate analyses employing the Chi-square test with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. A majority of the respondents fell into the young elderly category (60–69 years) and were mostly women. The findings revealed that the greater part of older participants showed low intensity in physical activity while having elevated total cholesterol levels. The Chi-square analysis demonstrated a meaningful connection between the intensity of physical activity and total cholesterol levels (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that a decrease in physical activity intensity correlates with an increase in total cholesterol levels among seniors. A noteworthy relationship exists between physical activity intensity and total cholesterol levels in elderly individuals at Kupang Elderly Social Welfare UPTD. Regular and appropriately tailored physical activity serves as an important strategy to maintain lipid metabolism balance and prevent cardiovascular disease risks in the elderly population.
Relationship Between Nutritional Status and HbA1c Levels in Diabetes Patients at Primary Health Center in Kupang City Fiani, Veronika Florida; Setianingrum, Elisabeth Levina; Woda, Rahel Rara; Ratu, Kristian
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11251

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease with an increasing global prevalence. Effective monitoring and management are essential to reduce disease burden and prevent complications, including through HbA1c assessment and nutritional status evaluation such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), which are feasible in primary health care settings. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and HbA1c levels among patients with Diabetes Mellitus at primary health centers in Kupang City. A cross-sectional design was conducted among 69 respondents selected using consecutive sampling at Oepoi, Sikumana, and Bakunase Primary Health Centers. Data were collected through BMI and MUAC measurements and HbA1c examination and analyzed using Pearson correlation test. The results indicated that most respondents were female, overweight based on BMI, had normal MUAC, and uncontrolled HbA1c levels. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between BMI and HbA1c levels (p > 0.05) nor between MUAC and HbA1c levels (p > 0.05). In conclusion, nutritional status was not significantly associated with HbA1c levels among DM patients. Glycemic control may be influenced by factors beyond anthropometric indicators.
Pendampingan Pembentukan Komite Air dalam Manajemen Air Mandiri di Komunitas Warga Dusun IV Desa Kualin TTS Lada, Christina Olly; Woda, Rahel Rara; Lidia, Kartini; Johannis, Amanda Jelita Eka Riani
Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Undana Vol 19 No 2 (2025): DESEMBER 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jpkmlppm.v19i2.24426

Abstract

Kurangnya akses terhadap air minum aman, fasilitas sanitasi, dan praktik higiene, dapat menjadi penyebab penyakit diare yang terjadi karena infeksi berulang. Hal ini kemudian menjadi penyebab langsung terjadinya stunting pada anak. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan selama bulan Agustus-November 2024 di Desa Kualin, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan memberikan sosialisasi akan pentingnya air untuk kehidupan dan kesehatan manusia dan diakhiri dengan pembentukan komite air dari warga Desa Kualin. Keberhasilan dari kegiatan ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya keterlibatan serta kehadiran warga saat sosialisasi dilakukan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini tidak hanya membantu dalam instalasi air bersih, pembentukan komite air, dan menghemat biaya dalam memperoleh air bersih, tetapi juga menjadi upaya menurunkan prevalensi stunting pada balita di desa ini. Program Pengabdian Masyarakat yang dilakukan atas kerjasama antara FKKH, Danone, dan Yayasan JPM telah membawa dan memberikan harapan baru bagi masyarakat khususnya Dusun 1, Dusun 2, serta Dusun 4 di Desa Kualin, Kecamatan Kualin, Kabupaten TTS, NTT. Saat ini masyarakat dapat menikmati air bersih dan juga dapat menghemat biaya untuk ketersediaan air bersih di rumah. Ketersediaan air bersih ini diharapkan dapat menurunkan angka kemiskinan dan stunting bagi masyarakat di Desa Kualin.
The Association Between Saturated Fat Intake and Central Obesity and Elevated Hypertension Among Communities and Monasteries of The Archdiocese of Ende Ire, Yohana Helena Fiorola; Wungouw, Herman P. L; Asa, Helena Meldy; Woda, Rahel Rara
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11609

Abstract

Central obesity and hypertension are major public health problems contributing substantially to the burden of non-communicable diseases. Excess saturated fat intake plays an important role in visceral fat accumulation and blood pressure elevation, particularly in populations with distinctive lifestyles and dietary patterns such as religious communities and monasteries. This study aimed to determine the association between saturated fat intake and central obesity as well as elevated hypertension among members of communities and monasteries of the Archdiocese of Ende. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. A total of 50 respondents were selected using simple random sampling. Saturated fat intake was assessed using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, central obesity was determined by waist circumference measurement, and elevated hypertension was identified through blood pressure assessment. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05. Most respondents had normal saturated fat intake (50.0%), followed by high intake (40.0%). Central obesity was observed in 72.0% of respondents, and 40.0% were classified as having elevated hypertension. Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between saturated fat intake and central obesity (p = 0.001) as well as elevated hypertension (p = 0.009). There is a significant association between saturated fat intake and both central obesity and elevated hypertension among members of communities and monasteries of the Archdiocese of Ende.
Hubungan Jenis Kelamin Dengan Kadar SOD pada Pegawai dengan Obesitas Sentral di Universitas Nusa Cendana Prayogi, Albertus Dwi Bagas; Woda, Rahel Rara; Jannah, Insani Fitrahulil; Wardani, Nimas Prita Rahajeningtyas Kusuma
Journal of Innovative and Creativity Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joecy.v6i1.9278

Abstract

Obesitas sentral berkaitan dengan peningkatan stres oksidatif akibat penumpukan lemak viseral, yang dapat mengganggu sistem antioksidan seperti superosida dismutase (SOD). Perbedaan jenis kelamin mungkin memengaruhi kadar SOD, namun data pada pegawai usia produktif dengan obesitas sentral, khususnya di lingkungan kerja seperti universitas, masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan kadar superoksida dismutase (SOD) pada pegawai dengan obesitas sentral di Universitas Nusa Cendana. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang ini melibatkan 30 pegawai dengan obesitas sentral yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Jenis kelamin diperoleh melalui kuesioner, obesitas sentral diukur berdasarkan lingkar pinggang, dan kadar SOD diukur dari sampel darah menggunakan metode laboratorium terstandar. Analisis data menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk untuk normalitas dan uji Mann-Whitney U untuk signifikansi (p < 0,05). Median kadar SOD pada laki-laki sebesar 12,91 U/mL dan perempuan 11,43 U/mL, tanpa perbedaan signifikan (p = 0,633). Jenis kelamin tidak berhubungan dengan kadar SOD pada pegawai dengan obesitas sentral di Universitas Nusa Cendana; kadar SOD dipengaruhi oleh obesitas sentral dan faktor gaya hidup.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Red Betel Leaves (Piper crocatum) Against Propionibacterium acnes Sihombing, Angelina Victoria; Rini, Desi Indria; Woda, Rahel Rara; Amat, Anita Lidesna Shinta
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i1.11714

Abstract

Propionibacterium acnes is a type of bacteria that typically exists on skin areas with many sebaceous glands, like the scalp and face. The exploration of natural antibacterial agents made from herbal plants is one approach to decrease resistance issues. One such plant utilized is red betel, scientifically known as Piper crocatum. The objective of this study is to assess the antibacterial properties of the ethanol extract from red betel leaves against Propionibacterium acnes. This study adopted a true experimental framework with a post-test only control group model. The red betel leaf extract was produced through maceration using a 70% ethanol solution, followed by evaporation until a concentrated extract was achieved. In this study, the treated groups included various concentrations: 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.56%, alongside a positive control using clindamycin and a negative control using sterile aquades. The antibacterial testing was performed using the disc diffusion method, referred to as the Kirby-Bauer technique against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The analysis conducted was the One Way Anova statistical test. Findings from this study reveal that the extract of red betel leaves contains alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and terpenoids. The testing outcomes indicate that the average diameter of the inhibition zone resultant from each sample is 11.16 mm for the 100% concentration, 9.63 mm for the 50% concentration, 8.85 mm for the 25% concentration, 8.21 mm for the 12.5% concentration, 7.78 mm for the 6.25% concentration, 6.93 mm for the 3.125% concentration, and 0 mm for the 1.56% concentration. From the results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract from red betel leaves exhibits antibacterial activity against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes.
IMPACT OF FAMILY FOOD SECURITY MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION ON STUNTING INCIDENCE IN KUPANG DISTRICT, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Woda, Rahel Rara
Cendana Medical Journal Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Cendana Medical Journal
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/cmj.v14i1.10679

Abstract

Stunting is one of the most common deficient conditions, estimated to have covered 800 million people worldwide, and 85% of children in the world are stunted and live in 20 countries (UNICEF, 2012). In Indonesia, the estimated prevalence of short and very short toddlers (stunting) is 36.8% (Riskesdas 2007) and as much as 37% (UNICEF, 2010). East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) is a province that has a prevalence above the national prevalence, namely 47-58.4%. Stunting can be influenced by various factors directly intake and infectious diseases and indirectly factors of mother's education, upbringing, mother's knowledge, provision of complementary foods, history of low birth weight babies, sanitation, and family socioeconomic status. Stunting results in stunted growth and development of children, including suboptimal brain growth, causing a decrease in IQ and intelligence. Based on Riskesdas 2007, 2010 and 2013 data, it shows that the incidence of stunting in NTT and in 2014 data for Kupang Regency there were 2630 children who were stunted and 1121 children with severe stunting. Seeing this incident and based on the fact that malnutrition in the golden age of toddlers is irreversible, it is deemed necessary for various parties to take preventive measures to control stunting. Intervention is a way to prevent and reduce the incidence of stunting while at the same time having a positive influence on behavior and eating habits, food supply in the household and other factors that aim to improve nutritional status. Researchers and the team conducted this research to find out and analyze the Impact of Family Food Security Management Pattern Interventions on Stunting Incidents in Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. To answer the objectives, this research was carried out using the pre-experimental method using the one group pre test post test only design. This design does not have a comparison group (control) but makes comparative observations before and after the intervention. The results obtained for 84 stunted children from 79 households show that mentoring, training and use of the land around the house as a vegetable garden and the existence of a fish pond provided to be managed by each household have a significant effect on the incidence of stunting. Which means that there is a decrease in the stunting rate in households that own and use vegetable gardens and fish ponds as a source of food for stunted children (sig = 0.010 where <0.05).
Histopatologi Hepar Tikus Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Model Hiperglikemia yang Diberi Ekstrak Daun Bidara (Ziziphus Mauritiana) Anagoga, Reynaldy Ubu; Damanik, Efrisca Meliyuita Br.; Woda, Rahel Rara; Adang, Gottfrieda Patiencia Taeng-Ob
Journal of Comprehensive Science Vol. 5 No. 5 (2026): Journal of Comprehensive Science
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/jcs.v5i5.4171

Abstract

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit degeratif yang disebabkan oleh gangguan metabolisme berupa peningkatan gula darah atau disebut hiperglikemia dan salah satu organ yang terdampak penyakit ini adalah organ hepar. Mekanisme aloksan yang dapat menghasilkan radikal bebas atau reactive oxygen species (ROS) dan amiloid ? dapat memberikan  kerusakan pada hepar. Kandungan flavonoid, saponin, tanin, dan fenolat pada daun bidara mempunyai sifat antioksidan yang dapat menghambat produksi radikal bebas dalam organ hepar. Untuk mengetahui histopatologi hepar tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) model hiperglikemia yang diberi ekstrak daun bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana). Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan pendekatan post test only control group design dimana dalam penelitian ini menekankan dengan perbandingan antara dua kelompok uji yaitu kelompok yang diberi perlakuan khusus dan kelompok kontrol. Sampel dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok uji yaitu kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan 1 (dosis 200 mg/kgBB), perlakuan 2 (dosis 400 mg/kgBB), dan perlakuan 3 (dosis 800 mg/kgBB). Penilaian kerusakan hepar dengan acuan skoring Manja Roenigk Histopathology Scoring. Hasil penilaian tersebut kemudian di analisis dengan jenis pengujian data uji Kruskall-Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Post Hoc Tukey. Berdasarkan hasil analisis SPSS yaitu uji Kruskall-Wallis didapatkan hasil p=0,001 (p<0,05) dengan kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari ekstrak daun bidara terhadap gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus Wistar. Dosis paling efektif daun bidara yang dapat memperlihatkan gambaran normal sel hepar tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) adalah 800 mg/kgBB pada kelompok perlakuan 3.