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All Journal Medula Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Sakai Sambayan Muhammadiyah Journal of Geriatric JPM (Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat) Ruwa Jurai
Setiorini, Anggi
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Journal : Medula

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Glasgow Coma Scale: Tinjauan terhadap Kegunaan, Keterbatasan, dan Perkembangannya Aquila Graham; Setiorini, Anggi; Septiani, Linda; Perdani, Roro Rukmi Windi
Medula Vol 15 No 1 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i1.1396

Abstract

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a widely used neurological assessment tool for evaluating the level of consciousness in patients with brain injury. Introduced in 1974 by Teasdale and Jennett, it has become a standard in emergency departments, intensive care units, and neurosurgical wards worldwide. The GCS assesses patient responses in three domains: eye opening, verbal response, and motor response, with scores ranging from 3 (deep coma) to 15 (fully conscious). The GCS score is used to classify the severity of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and predict clinical outcomes. However, several studies have highlighted limitations of the GCS, particularly in predicting patient outcomes and its application in specific populations. This article provides a critical review of the GCS, including its utility, limitations, and ongoing modifications and developments.
Kekuatan Genggaman Tangan pada Dewasa Muda Tiasti, Jania; Setiorini, Anggi; Nareswari, Shinta; Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu
Medula Vol 15 No 3 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v15i3.1665

Abstract

Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important indicator that reflects both musculoskeletal health and overall well-being. Hand grip strength is widely applied in research and clinical practice because its measurement is simple, reliable, and able to represent overall muscle strength. The assessment of HGS is conducted using a handgrip dynamometer, which operates based on specific principles. However, the limited literature on normative data for young adult populations hinders the interpretation of handgrip performance in this age group. One normative study reported that in healthy young adults, the average HGS reached 36.32 kg in men and 22.96 kg in women. These values may vary depending on ethnicity, level of physical activity, and lifestyle habits. Factors influencing HGS include body composition, anthropometric characteristics, sex, age, nutritional status, and physical fitness. Physiologically, men tend to have higher HGS than women due to differences in muscle mass, hormonal levels, and muscle fiber distribution. The decline of HGS with increasing age is closely related to sarcopenia, a condition characterized by reduced muscle strength, mass, and function associated with aging. Therefore, maintaining handgrip strength from an early age is crucial to support daily activities, preserve independence in older age, and serve as an indicator of future health risks.
Penggunaan Dinamometer Tangan Sebagai Instrumen Asesmen Klinis Ilhamy, Satria Rizqi; Setiorini, Anggi; Ratna, Maya Ganda; Ismunandar, Helmi
Medula Vol 14 No 8 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i8.1254

Abstract

Hand is one of the system organs in the human bodies consisting of bones, muscles, and nerves that works in unison in order to function well. Hand plays a crucial role in daily activities hence it needs to have a good function. One of the main method to assess one’s hand function is by their handgrip strength measured by a hand dynamometer. Hand grip strength measured by a hand dynamometer can be used as a certain health indicator in clinical settings either as a diagnostic tool or as a prognostic predictor for some diseases. One of the use of hand grip strength measured by a hand dynamometer is to diagnose sarcopenia, a musculoskeletal degenerative disease that affects the elderly because of their aging process. Research showed a relationship between a low results of hand grip measurement with an increase of the risk of death in pneumonia patients caused by COVID-19. The results from the dynamometer can also be used as a predictor of success for weaning off a ventilator. Other research also found a correlation between the hand grip measurement with the degree of severity in type 3 spinocerebellar ataxia. Hand grip measurement is relevant for assessing clinical outcomes in patients with incurable cancer. Another study found that hand grip strength measurement can be used to assess chronic kidney disease patient’s vascular diameter for their vascular access in order to continue their hemodialysis. Therefore, dynamometer has a potential as a clinical assessment instrument to support diagnostic and prognostic accuracy.
Faktor Risiko Nyeri Leher Non Spesifik Pamarta, Rachel Dwyana; Setiorini, Anggi; Maulana, Muhammad; Utama, Winda Trijayanthi
Medula Vol 14 No 10 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i10.1323

Abstract

Non-specific neck pain is a form of acute, subacute, or chronic neck pain, and there is no abnormal anatomical structure as the cause of the pain. Bad posture habits are a contributing factor to non-specific neck pain. This bad posture will cause muscle tension in the neck which can increase intramuscular pressure which can reduce circulation in the joints, as well as compression of the nervous system and blood vessels around it. This ends in the emergence of pain complaints. The cause of non-specific neck pain is multifactorial consisting of several risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for non-specific neck pain. The method used is article review. Searching for articles both nationally and internationally then summarizing the discussion topics and comparing the results presented in the article. Based on the review that has been done. Non-specific neck pain has a multifactorial cause consisting of several risk factors. Individual factors of non-specific neck pain include gender, age, BMI, and medical history. Work factors include duration of work, length of service, and work posture. Psychological factors include stress, depression, and lack of sleep. Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity are also risk factors for non-specific neck pain.
Central Obesity as a Risk Factor for Low Back Pain Putri, Reny Arienta; Setiorini, Anggi; Mayasari, Diana; Mustofa, Syazili
Medula Vol 14 No 11 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i11.1380

Abstract

Central obesity, or abdominal obesity, is a condition marked by excessive fat accumulation around internal organs, leading to a variety of health complications such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and musculoskeletal disorders, including low back pain (LBP). Central obesity is defined by increased waist circumference, with values greater than 80 cm in women and 90 cm in men. The condition is primarily influenced by factors such as physical inactivity, poor eating habits, and aging. The relationship between central obesity and LBP is supported by studies indicating that abdominal fat increases mechanical load on the lumbar spine, contributing to disc degeneration and pain. Additionally, adipose tissue secretes pro-inflammatory cytokines that exacerbate inflammation and pain sensitization in the spine, leading to LBP. Obesity-related complications, such as muscle weakness and sleep disturbances, can further reduce quality of life. Preventive measures for LBP include physical exercise, weight reduction, and posture correction. Effective treatment options range from pharmacological therapies to physical rehabilitation and alternative medicine approaches. Understanding the link between central obesity and LBP is critical in developing preventive strategies and improving the management of this common condition.
Dampak Stres pada Kesehatan Qonita, Adzrok; Setiorini, Anggi; Ratna, Maya Ganda; Zuraida, Reni
Medula Vol 14 No 12 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i12.1404

Abstract

Stress is a bodily response to a stressor, which refers to any condition perceived as threatening or causing pressure. Stress can have both positive (eustress) and negative (distress) effects. Prolonged distress can affect various body systems through the activation of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and the Sympathetic-Adreno-Medullary (SAM) axis. Activation of these axes triggers the release of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine, leading to physiological and behavioral changes. Stress impacts multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, urinary, reproductive, musculoskeletal, integumentary, sensory, and immune systems. It also affects sleep quality and mental health. In the cardiovascular system, stress can cause hypertension, atherosclerosis, and an increased risk of heart disease. In the respiratory system, stress worsens asthma and increases the risk of airway infections. In the gastrointestinal system, stress triggers digestive disorders, such as gastritis and peptic ulcers, due to increased stomach acid production and inflammatory mediators. Stress affects the hepatobiliary system by impairing liver function through increased inflammation. In the urinary system, stress can cause dysfunctions such as enuresis and increased urination frequency. In the reproductive system, stress can result in menstrual disorders in women and decreased testosterone levels in men. The musculoskeletal system can be affected by excessive muscle contractions, leading to pain and muscle fatigue. Stress impacts the integumentary system, triggering conditions such as acne, psoriasis, and alopecia areata. It can also cause sensory system disorders, affecting hearing, taste, and vision. In the immune system, stress suppresses immune responses, increasing susceptibility to infections and prolonging wound healing. Prolonged stress negatively impacts both physical and mental health, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms through which stress affects the body to reduce the risk of serious health problems.
Relationship Between Work Duration and Work Experience with the Occurrence of Low Back Pain in Online Motorcycle Drivers Farhah, Putri Dzahabiyyah; Setiorini, Anggi; Graharti, Risti; Saftarina, Fitria
Medula Vol 14 No 10 (2025): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i10.1429

Abstract

Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders globally and a leading cause of disability. One of the occupational groups at high risk of LBP is online motorcycle taxi drivers, who spend long hours in a static sitting position while riding. The primary factors contributing to LBP among online motorcycle taxi drivers include long working hours and extended work tenure. This study aims to analyze the relationship between working duration and work tenure with the occurrence of LBP among online motorcycle taxi drivers. Based on various studies, it has been found that working more than 8 hours per day can increase the risk of LBP by up to 3.6 times due to excessive muscle strain and spinal load. Additionally, work tenure exceeding 5 years is associated with a higher risk of LBP due to accumulated physical stress, which can reduce muscle performance and deteriorate overall physical condition. Studies conducted in various cities, such as Makassar, Surabaya, and Padang, have demonstrated a significant relationship between working duration, work tenure, and the incidence of LBP among online motorcycle taxi drivers. Implementing proper work time management and ensuring sufficient rest breaks during riding are crucial steps in reducing the risk of LBP among online motorcycle taxi drivers. Additionally, attention to ergonomic factors in riding posture is essential to minimize the negative impact on musculoskeletal health.
Co-Authors Aquila Graham Danan Jaya, Bayu Putra Denny Agustiningsih Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari Fadli, Muhammad Yogie Farhah, Putri Dzahabiyyah Fitria Saftarina Giska Tri Putri Helmi Ismunandar Ilhamy, Satria Rizqi Indri Windarti Irawati, Nur Ayu Virginia Irawati, Nur Bebi Ulfah Jausal, Anisa Nuraisa Karima, Nisa Khairun Nisa Mayasari, Diana Muhammad Maulana Nurul Utami Pamarta, Rachel Dwyana Putri, Reny Arienta Qonita, Adzrok rahmawati, selvi Rasmi Zakiah Oktarlina Ratna, Maya Ganda Reni Zuraida Risti Graharti Roro Rukmi Windi Perdani, Roro Rukmi Rudiyanto, Waluyo Sangging, Putu Ristyaning Ayu Septiani, Linda Shinta Nareswari, Shinta Suharmanto Syazili Mustofa Tiasti, Jania Virginia, Nur Ayu Winda Trijayanthi Utama, Winda Trijayanthi