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All Journal Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies Kamaya: Jurnal Ilmu Agama Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Purwadita : Jurnal Agama dan Budaya DHARMASMRTI: Jurnal Pascasarjana UNHI Bawi Ayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama dan Budaya Hindu Maha Widya Bhuwana: Jurnal Pendidikan, Agama dan Budaya Satya Widya: Jurnal Studi Agama Widyacarya : Jurnal Pendidikan, Agama, dan Budaya Widya Aksara: Jurnal Agmaa Hindu GENTA HREDAYA: Media Informasi Ilmiah Jurusan Brahma Widya STAHN Mpu Kuturan Singaraja Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia Nivedana : Jurnal Komunikasi dan Bahasa Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu Vidya Darśan : Jurnal Mahasiswa Filsafat Hindu Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) Jawa Dwipa ANUBHAVA: Jurnal Ilmu Komuniksi Hindu Padma Sari: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Sophia Dharma: Jurnal Filsafat Agama Hindu dan Masyarakat Sanjiwani: Jurnal Filsafat Japam Jurnal Ledalero Guna Widya : Jurnal Pendidikan Hindu Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Jurnal Penelitian Pangkaja: Jurnal Agama Hindu Widya Kumara: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Patisambhida : Jurnal Pemikiran Buddha dan Filsafat Agama Pratyaksa: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Sosial dan Humaniora Widya Katambung Jurnal Filsafat Agama Hindu Tampung Penyang: Jurnal Ilmu Agama dan Budaya Hindu
Gede Agus Siswadi
Fakultas Filsafat Universitas Gadjah Mada
Religion Arts Humanities Astronomy Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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FILOSOFI RIDEO ERGO SUM: MEMAKNAI MANUSIA SEBAGAI MAKHLUK YANG TERTAWA (HOMO RIDENS) Siswadi, Gede Agus; Puspadewi, I Dewa Ayu
Widya Katambung Vol 15 No 1 (2024): Jurnal Widya Katambung: Filsafat Agama Hindu
Publisher : Fakultas Dharma Duta dan Brahma Widya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33363/wk.v15i1.1156

Abstract

The phrase rideo ergo sum or I laugh because I exist is a philosophy that has a very deep meaning. This is because only humans are able to laugh or are referred to as homo ridens while animals cannot. Although there are animal sounds that resemble laughter, they are not a form of laughter like in humans. Laughter is not a form of meaningless expression. Many things can be obtained by interpreting humans as homo ridens. This research uses library research method with Miles and Huberman analysis pattern. The results in this study are 1). Laughter is a form of authenticity from humans, humans need humor and laughter as an expression of the happiness they experience, humans are unique because humans are able to laugh (homo ridens) as their characteristic. 2). Laughter has a philosophy, because laughing is a form of freedom of expression, and laughter is a form of reality of human freedom. 3). Various things are obtained by humans as homo ridens, especially in the health, so that laughing yoga is a form of actualization of the homo ridens.
KETIDAKPASTIAN METAFISIKA: KETIDAKJELASAN ONTIK DAN PARADOKS SORITES Siswadi, Gede Agus; Tantra, Manggala Wiriya
Widya Katambung Vol 15 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Widya Katambung: Filsafat Agama Hindu
Publisher : Fakultas Dharma Duta dan Brahma Widya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33363/wk.v15i2.1218

Abstract

This research examines the phenomenon of metaphysical uncertainty through two main concepts: ontic vagueness and sorites paradox. Ontic vagueness refers to entities or concepts that do not have clear boundaries or definitions in reality, leading to ambiguity in interpretation and understanding. The sorites paradox, or stack paradox, is a philosophical problem that challenges the boundaries between categories by showing that repeated small changes can produce significant differences, even though there is no clear transition point. By combining these two concepts, this research aims to explore how uncertainty in the structure of reality and language can affect our knowledge and understanding of the world. Through literature analysis and a philosophical approach, this research seeks to identify the epistemological and ontological implications of metaphysical indeterminacy, as well as offer a new perspective on how to deal with and understand indeterminacy in the context of contemporary philosophy. The results of this study are expected to make a significant contribution to the discussion on the foundations of ontology and epistemology, as well as broaden insights into the role of uncertainty in human experience and science.
Relasi Jiwa dan Badan Dalam Tradisi Ngaben Di Bali Perspektif Filsafat Advaita Vedanta Adi Sankaracarya Siswadi, Gede Agus; Maharani, Septiana Dwiputri
Satya Widya: Jurnal Studi Agama Vol 8 No 2 (2025): Studi Agama
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33363/swjsa.v8i2.1221

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji relasi jiwa dan badan dalam tradisi ngaben di Bali dari sudut pandang filsafat Advaita Vedanta Adi Sankaracarya. Tradisi ngaben merupakan upacara kematian dalam kebudayaan Hindu Bali, yang bertujuan sebagai proses pengembalian unsur pembentuk manusia yang terdiri dari lima unsur, yakni Pertiwi, Apah, Teja, Bayu dan Akasa. Dalam filsafat Advaita Vedanta, Adi Sankaracarya mengajarkan bahwa jiwa (atman) adalah bagian dari kesadaran universal (Brahman) yang tak terbatas dan abadi, serta tidak terpisah dari Tuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menganalisis teks-teks klasik Advaita Vedanta, serta berbagai literatur tentang tradisi ngaben. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tradisi ngaben di Bali mencerminkan pemahaman akan sifat abadi jiwa dan keberadaan sementara badan fisik. Prosesi ngaben memiliki makna sebagai bentuk transformasi, di mana badan fisik yang terbakar mewakili sifat fana manusia, sementara jiwa yang abadi melepaskan diri dari keterikatan dengan dunia materi. Upacara ngaben sesungguhnya mengandung pemahaman bahwa jiwa individu adalah bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari kesadaran universal, sesuai dengan ajaran Advaita Vedanta. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti pentingnya ngaben dalam konteks spiritual dan sosial masyarakat Bali, di mana upacara tersebut bukan hanya merupakan penghormatan terakhir bagi yang meninggal, tetapi juga kesempatan untuk merenungkan hakikat eksistensi manusia dan tujuan sejati hidup. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pemahaman akan sifat abadi jiwa dapat memberikan pandangan yang lebih dalam tentang makna kematian dan pemaknaan hidup dalam tradisi ngaben, serta relevansi filsafat Advaita Vedanta dalam konteks budaya Bali yang kaya akan spiritualitas Hindu.
The Meaning of Smara Sādhanā in The Kama Tattwa Manuscripts: A Tantrāyāna Philosophy Perspective Gede Agus Siswadi; Lasiyo Lasiyo; Rr. Siti Murtiningsih
Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu Vol 10 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/jpah.v10i2.5295

Abstract

Talking about sex is often regarded as a taboo subject and something that should not be discussed in public. In fact, understanding the true nature of sexuality is very important and even necessary in order to avoid deviant sexual behavior. This study aims to examine the philosophical dimension of Smara Sādhanā, or sacred sexuality, in the Kama Tattwa manuscript through the perspective of Tantrāyāna philosophy, by referring to three principal Balinese Hindu palm-leaf manuscripts, namely Smara Krida Laksana, Resi Sembina, and Rahasya Sanggama. This research employs a qualitative method with a hermeneutic approach. The findings show that Smara Sādhanā represents an integral spiritual system grounded in Tantrāyāna non-dualism, in which sexual union symbolically represents and simultaneously actualizes the metaphysical unity between Puruṣa (consciousness) and Prakṛti (creative energy). Ontologically, sexuality is understood as a manifestation of cosmic energy; epistemologically, knowledge of sexuality is derived from the authority of sacred texts (śabda pramāṇa), direct experience (pratyakṣa), reasoning (anumāna), and ultimately reaches direct spiritual realization (aparokṣānubhūti); and axiologically, the concept of Smara Sādhanā upholds values of bodily sanctity, respect, compassion, and spiritual responsibility. Thus, the human body is viewed as a microcosm, and sanggama (sexual union) becomes a medium for attaining higher consciousness (ānanda). This study finds that the Kama Tattwa manuscript contains a profound philosophical discourse on sacred sexuality that challenges reductionist and moralistic interpretations of sex. Instead, these texts present sexuality as a path of spiritual transformation integrated within dharma and ethical relations among human beings. The conclusion of this study is that, in the Hindu perspective, sex is regarded as a sacred activity and understood as a form of sādhanā, a view that is likewise emphasized in Tantrāyāna philosophy. Therefore, by understanding sexual activity as something sacred, it is expected that sexual conduct can be placed in accordance with the teachings of Dharma and that deviant sexual behavior can be avoided.
SHIFTING THE MEANING OF TABUH RAH BECOMES TAJEN (CHICKEN FIGHTING) IN BALI (THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAX SCHELER'S HIERARCHY OF VALUES) Gede Agus Siswadi
Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : UHN I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/vidyottama.v7i1.162

Abstract

Bali has kept various forms of unique traditions, different from other regions. Like one of them is thetradition of tabuh rah. This tradition is part of a ritual or yajna carried out by the Balinese Hinducommunity. In this tradition, the facilities used are two roosters pitted against each other. The bloodfrom the chicken will be used as a tabuh rah. However, the tabuh rah ritual has changed its meaningto become tajen. Several factors influence this change and one of them is the implementation of ahobby owned by Balinese men, which is known as a bebotoh hobby. This article explores the valuesin the shift in meaning from the tabuh rah ritual to the tajen by using the philosophical hermeneuticmethod from data obtained through library research. The results of this study are 1). The valuecontained in the tabuh rah ritual can be explained in the form of Max Scheler's hierarchy of values.The highest value is the values of the holy as a sacred ritual and aims to perfect the animal's spiritto be sacrificed. The spiritual value seen from the tabuh rah ritual is the implementation oftantrayana teachings. The vital value can be seen from the purpose of the tabuh rah ritual as theimplementation of the Tri Hita Karana teachings last is the value of pleasure. 2). There is a shift invalues from the tabuh rah ritual to tajen. 3). The value to be achieved in tajen is the value of pleasure,which is a form of channelling a hobby and wanting to win from the gamble. Thus, other values areneglected.
THE CONCEPT OF EXISTENTIALISM EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY IN GEGURITAN SELAMPAH LAKU Panji Tresna, I Gusti Ngurah Agung; Siswadi, Gede Agus
Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies Vol 6 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : UHN I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/vidyottama.v6i1.180

Abstract

Education is essentially an effort to humanize humans. With human education, character is formed, by strengthening the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects of students. The style of the student's character will become a unity with what philosophical foundation is used in the education. The context in this study is to explore the concept of existentialism education in Geguritan Selampah Laku by Ida Pedanda Made Sidemen. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of this study are 1). In the philosophy of existentialism education emphasizes that humans have full responsibility in determining their own actions. So that in the context of education, students are not only objects, but also as subjects, 2). The existentialism education dimension in Geguritan Selampah Laku emphasizes two principles, namely the aspect of selfhood and also the social aspect. The self-awareness aspect reveals how self-awareness plays a role in the educational process. 3). The social aspect includes disclosing the role of the environment in the educational process and emphasizing usefulness as a principle in education. This aspect is the basic foundation and a benchmark for success in the educational process.
GOD’S GENDER IN RELIGIONS PERSPECTIVE IN INDONESIA Siswadi, Gede Agus; Kuswanjono, Arqom; Permatasari, Rr. Yudiswara Ayu
Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies Vol 6 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : UHN I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/vidyottama.v6i2.687

Abstract

The search and discussion of God are never-ending in the study and history of human civilization. Humans always want to prove the existence of God through arguments from thoughts, mystical experiences, or scriptures. Whether God is personal or not is also an exciting topic of discussion, including the question of God's gender, which is discussed in this article. The method used in this research is philosophical hermeneutics. The results of this study are 1) God's gender in the Hindu concept of divinity in the theological aspect of Nirguna Brahman is genderless, while in Saguna Brahman theology, God is manifested in masculine and feminine aspects, 2) Buddha has a genderless concept of God, but Mahayana sects also believe in Bhodisattvas who are respected and worshipped like one of them is Dewi Kwan Im, 3) Christians have a masculine concept of divinity as God, Elohim and the concept of the Trinity (God the Father/ Allah Bapa, God the Son/ Allah Putra and the Holy Spirit/ Roh Kudus). 4) Islam has a genderless concept of divinity, but in language it is categorized as masculine (he), 5) Confucianism believes in a transcendent God and believes in the power of Yin (female power) and Yang (male power).
RELIGIOUS INTERCONNECTIVITY IN AN EFFORT TO REALIZE GLOBAL PEACE: A PHILOSOPHICAL REVIEW Siswadi, Gede Agus
Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UHN I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/vidyottama.v8i1.3408

Abstract

Religion on the one hand is a way to find true happiness on the basis of love, peace, guarantor of safety, moral guidance for all mankind. However, it is not uncommon that in the name of religion it also causes human suffering, triggers conflicts, wars, and various other sufferings that  are  born  from human  beings in  the  name  of  religion.  Therefore,  this is certainly counter-productive to the principles of religion which contain noble teachings by prioritizing humanity, peace, love and so on. Therefore, inter-religious dialog must be prioritized, in order to create harmony and peace among human beings. This research seeks to find the common ground of religions through qualitative methods and phenomenological approaches. The results of this study show that an inclusive attitude in religion can be realized  through  the  Trilogy  of  Harmony,  namely  1)  Interfaith  Harmony,  2)  Internal Harmony  of  Religious  Believers,  and  3)  Harmony  between  Government  and  Religious People. Furthermore, religion as a social construction process must be able to act as a moral guide for every human being. In principle, religion is expected to be able to guide global ethics, because there is no world peace without interfaith peace, and there is no interfaith peace without interfaith dialog. Also, interfaith dialog starts from 1) parliamentary dialog, 2) institutional  dialog,  3) theological  dialog,  4)  dialog  in  community  life,  and  5) spiritual dialog.  
Konsep Tuhan Dalam Tradisi Barat Serta Kritik Terhadap Pandangan Tentang Tuhan Personal Dan Non-Personal Gede Agus Siswadi
Tampung Penyang Vol 22 No 1 (2024): Tampung Penyang
Publisher : Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33363/tampung-penyang.v22i1.1191

Abstract

Humans are creatures who never stop searching, various things that humans want to uncover, because humans have a uniqueness that always questions various things around them, including about God. Thus, there are various views on the concept of God. This research explores the concept of God in the Western tradition with a focus on the views of personal and non-personal God. The main objective of this research is to understand how these concepts have developed in the history of Western thought. The research method in this study is a qualitative method with a hermeneutic approach as well as literature analysis. The results show that various concepts of God are understood in Western society, such as God as a person, God the Eternal, God the Immanent and Transcendent, God is Most Kind, God the Almighty, God the Creator and so on. Then, criticism of the concept of personal God emphasises the potential for anthropomorphism, the difficulty of explaining the existence of evil and suffering, and the question of human freedom in the context of divine will. Meanwhile, criticism of the non-personal God concept highlights the potential lack of personal closeness, abstraction that is difficult to understand, and the potential lack of human moral responsibility.
A Critical Evaluation of Smara Sādhanā Concepts in The Lontar Kama Tattwa for Strengthening Premarital Education Siswadi, Gede Agus; Lasiyo, Lasiyo; Murtiningsih, Rr Siti
Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) Vol 7 No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/jee.v7i2.2978

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aims to critically evaluate the concept of Smara Sādhanā as presented in the Lontar Kama Tattwa and to examine its relevance in strengthening premarital education in Denpasar. The research addresses the growing phenomenon of premarital sexual practices and the shifting moral values reflected in the discourse of “sing beling sing nganten,” which indicate a process of desacralization of marriage and sexuality. Methodology: This research employs a qualitative approach with a critical–interpretative design. Primary data are derived from classical Balinese Hindu texts categorized under Kama Tattwa. Secondary data are collected from scholarly literature and relevant studies. Main Findings: The findings reveal that Smara Sādhanā conceptualizes sexuality as a sacred and conscious practice that integrates physical, psychological, and spiritual dimensions, grounded in dharma and realized within the institution of marriage. The study also finds that contemporary social phenomena, such as the normalization of premarital sex and gender bias, reflect a disconnection between traditional ethical teachings and modern practices. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers a novel contribution by bridging classical Hindu philosophical texts with contemporary educational and social issues. It reconstructs premarital education through the lens of Smara Sādhanā, positioning sexuality as a form of spiritual discipline rather than merely a biological or social act. Furthermore, this research introduces a culturally rooted and philosophically grounded framework that addresses both moral challenges and gender issues in modern Balinese society, thereby enriching the discourse on sexuality education within religious and cultural contexts.
Co-Authors April Juwan, Dian Paula Arqom Kuswanjono Arsa Wiguna, I Made Cahyana, Abdul Basit Candrawan, Ida Bagus Gede Damanhuri, Tubagus Dewa Ayu Putu Tuty Setiarsih Dipesh Raj Dwiputri Maharani, Septiana Galuh Nur Fattah I Dewa Ayu Puspadewi I Dewa Ayu Puspadewi I Made Arsa Wiguna I Made Surada I Made Wiguna Yasa Ida Ayu Tary Puspa Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya John Abraham Ziswan Suryosumunar Kadek Aria Prima Dewi PF Kadek Aria Prima Dewi PF, Kadek Kusuma Putri L. Lasiyo Lasiyo Lasiyo, Lasiyo Manggala Wiriya Tantra Murtiningsih, Rr Siti Nugraha, Ari Nyoman Riyanti Panji Tresna, I Gusti Ngurah Agung Puspadewi, I Dewa Ayu Putri, Kusuma Rr. Siti Murtiningsih Rr. Yudiswara Ayu Permatasari Sarasvati, Priska Septiana Dwiputri Maharani Setyaningsih Siti Murtiningsih Violita, Michella Desri Widyaningsih, Dipa Hayu Zhafira, Annisa Ranah