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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Buletin Agrohorti Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Microbiology Indonesia BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Jurnal Hortikultura AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Makara Journal of Science
Abdjad Asih Nawangsih
Department Of Plant Protections, Faculty Of Agriculture, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Jalan Agatis Kampus Dramaga Bogor 16680, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary

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Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae BAKTERI PENYEBAB HAWAR DAUN PADA PADI: ISOLASI, KARAKTERISASI, DAN TELAAH MUTAGENESIS DENGAN TRANSPOSON Wahyudi, Aris Tri; Meliah, Siti; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 15, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight of rice: Isolation, Characterization, and Study of Transposon Mutagenesis. X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice (Oryza sativa L.), a major disease that constrains production of the staple crop in many countries of the world. Identification of X. oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was conducted based on the disease symptoms, pathogenicity, morphological, physiological, and genetic characteristics of bacterial cultures isolated from the infected plants. Fifty bacterial isolates predicted as Xoo have been successfully isolated. They are aerobic, rod shaped, and Gram negative bacteria. The isolates were evaluated for their hypersensitivity in tobacco and pathogenicity in rice plant. Fifty isolates induced hypersensitive reaction in tobacco and showed pathogenicity symptom in rice in different length. Based on physiological test, hypersensitivity and pathogenicity reactions, three bacterial isolates strongly predicted as Xoo, i.e. STG21, STG42, and STG46, were non indole formation, non pigment fluorescent, hydrolyzed casein, catalase activity positive, but negative oxidase. Partial sequencing of 16S rRNA genes of STG21 and STG42 showed 80% and 82% homology with X. oryzae, respectively, while STG46 showed 84% homology with X. campestris. Mini-Tn5 transposon mutagenesis of STG21 generated one of the mutants (M5) lossed it’s ability to induce hypersensitive reaction in tobacco plant and deficient in pathogenicity on rice. The lesion length of rice leaf caused by the mutant M5 decreased up to 80%.
The Potentials of Cabbage Phyllospheric Bacteria as Biocontrol Agents of Soft Rot Disease Caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum on Chinese Cabbage Af’idzatuttama; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih; Mutaqin, Kikin Hamzah
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 3 (2022): Mei 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.18.3.115-124

Abstract

Busuk lunak yang disebabkan oleh Pectobacterium carotovorum (Syn. Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora) merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada tanaman sawi putih. Bakteri ini menghasilkan enzim pektinase yang dapat menguraikan pektin pada dinding sel tanaman bagian lamela tengah. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian penyakit busuk lunak ialah menggunakan agens biokontrol dari filosfer. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyeleksi dan menguji bakteri filosfer dari daun kubis yang berpotensi menghambat penyakit busuk lunak P. carotovorum pada sawi putih. Bakteri filosfer diisolasi dari wilayah Cianjur, Tegal, dan Bogor. Bakteri filosfer diuji keamanan hayati berdasarkan pada reaksi hipersensitivitas dan kemampuan lisis pada agar-agar darah, serta diuji kemampuan penghambatannya terhadap P. carotovorum berdasarkan pada uji antagonis secara in vitro dan uji penghambatan penyakit secara in vivo. Bakteri filosfer dikarakterisasi berdasarkan pada morfologi koloni dan sifat Gram. Dua galur bakteri filosfer paling berpotensi mengendalikan penyakit busuk lunak pada sawi putih diidentifikasi sebagai Chryseobacterium sp.
Character Diversity of Black Rot Bacterial Strains (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) on Cabbage against Mixture of Active Ingredients Azoxystrobin and Diphenoconazole Af'idzatuttama; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih; Giyanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 2 (2023): Maret 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.2.45-56

Abstract

Character Diversity of Black Rot Bacterial Strains (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) on Cabbage against Mixture of Active Ingredients Azoxystrobin and Diphenoconazole Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is a bacterium that causes black rot on cabbage. Farmers still rely on the synthetic pesticides azoxystrobin and difenoconazole to control diseases in cabbage which are feared to have an impact on the diversity of X. campestris pv. campestris. The objective of the research was to obtain genetic and phenotypic diversity data on X. campestris pv. campestris, as well as obtaining data on the resistance response of these bacterial isolates to a mixture of the active ingredients azoxystrobin and difenoconazole. The study consisted of five stages (1) sampling on land with black rot symptoms; (2) isolation of bacteria using tissue implant technique; (3) selection of isolates by testing properties of Gram, hypersensitivity, starch hydrolysis, and pathogenicity; (4) identification using specific and universal 16S rRNA primers; and (5) analysis of genotypic diversity by in silico RFLP method and phenotypic diversity by measuring EPS weight. The results of molecular characterization and identification obtained five isolates of X. campestris pv. campestris (CLT01, CDA08, SDA02, SDA22, and SDA26). The results of the analysis of genotypic diversity showed that the five isolates had genetic diversity based on the cutting of the 16S rRNA gene DNA fragment, while phenotypically indicated different Inhibition concentration (IC) values. SDA22 isolate had the highest IC50 value and different genetic diversity compared to other X. campestris pv. campestris. The use of synthetic pesticides azoxystrobin and difenoconazole continuously for a long time is feared to have an impact on pathogenic microbes such as X. campestris pv. campestris. So that other control alternatives are needed so that there is no resistance to these pathogenic microbes.
Streptomyces spp. as Biocontrol Agents of Fusarium Basal Rot on Shallots: Streptomyces spp. as Biocontrol Agents of Fusarium Basal Rot on Shallots Eka Wijayanti; Asih Nawangsih, Abdjad; Toding Tondok, Efi
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): Maret 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.2.57-65

Abstract

Streptomyces spp. telah banyak diteliti sebagai agens pengendali hayati penyakit tanaman karena kemampuannya dalam menghasilkan berbagai jenis antibiotik, terutama senyawa-senyawa anticendawan. Aplikasinya untuk pengendalian Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae penyebab penyakit busuk fusarium pada bawang merah di Indonesia belum dieksplorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas Streptomyces spp. dalam mengendalikan F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae serta senyawa apa saja yang dihasilkan. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi uji efektivitas Streptomyces spp. terhadap pertumbuhan bawang merah dan insidensi penyakit busuk fusarium, serta analisis senyawa yang dihasilkan oleh Streptomyces spp. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa Streptomyces spp. tidak dapat meningkatkan parameter pertumbuhan. Sementara itu, pemberian Streptomyces spp. mampu menekan insidensi penyakit busuk fusarium dan memperpanjang masa inkubasi patogen. Analisis ekstrak kasar S. lydicus ABF 59 menunjukkan terdapat lima senyawa dominan yang bersifat anticendawan yaitu, d-limonene, tridecane, o-cymene, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), dan hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester.
Potensi ekstrak maggot lalat tentara hitam Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus) dalam regulasi mekanisme antioksidan selular dan antiradang: Kajian in silico: The potential of black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus) maggot extracts in the regulation of cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms: In silico study Sulistiyani; Firdaus, Muhamad Fajar; Sigiro, Ria Heni; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih; Purwanto, Ukhradiya Magharaniq Safira; Andrianto, Dimas
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 3 (2023): November
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.20.3.223

Abstract

The potential of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus), BSF) maggots as the source of biopharmaca, has not been extensively studied. This research aimed to identify bioactive compunds in BSF maggot extract that potentially activate antioxidant signaling mechanism. BSF maggots fed with vegetable waste were extracted based on maceration method with water, methanol, and acetone as solvents. Forty bioactive compounds were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: 15 were in the aqueous extract, 13 were from methanolic extract, and 12 were in the acetone extract. Most of those compounds (90%) were having high bioavailability score (= 0.55 or more) and relatively low toxicity (500 mg/Kg<LD50<5000mg/Kg BW). Molecular docking predicted that there were 26 bioactive compounds potential to activate cellular antioxidant signaling through activation of NRF2 transcription factor, better than the commercial NRF2 activator. The aqueous extract compound with PubChem CID: 73775828 was the best one that inhibited NRF2 signaling by binding to Keap-1 protein (PDB ID: 6FFM) with Gibbs free energy (ΔG) = -6.08 Kcal/mol and dissociation constant (Kd) = 3.58 í— 10-5 µM. Whereas inhibition of inflammation via NF-kappa B signaling was shown by an aqueous extract compound verpacamide A which bound inhibitor NF-kappa B kinase (IKK2) (PDB ID: 4KIK) with ΔG = -5.024 kcal/mol; Kd = 0.207 í— 103 µM. This potency was better than that of aspirin. In conclusion, BSF maggot extracts are source of biopharmaca with potential cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Insilico analysis of adenylation and ketosynthase domain related to antifungal activity of rice phyllosphere bacteria Wiraswati, Sri Martina; Rusmana, Iman; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih; Wahyudi, Aris Tri
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 11 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sci and Tech, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/bio.v11i2.39872

Abstract

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The effectiveness of Liliaceae phyllospheric Actinomycetes as biocontrol agent of purple blotch disease (Alternaria porri Ell. Cif) on shallot Wati, Cheppy; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih; Wahyudi, Aris Tri; Wiyono, Suryo; Munif, Abdul
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.224190-198

Abstract

Purple blotch, caused by Alternaria porri, affects leaves and tubers, leading to reduced yields. Traditionally, synthetic chemical fungicides were heavily relied upon for control. As an alternative, biocontrol agents like actinomycetes have gained attention. Some actinomycetes can suppress plant pathogens by producing antifungal compounds. This research aimed to investigate the efficacy of phyllosphere actinomycetes from Liliaceae plants as biocontrol agents against purple blotch disease on shallots in the greenhouse. Conducted at the IPB University Plant Bacteriology and Mycology Laboratory and the greenhouse at Bogor Agricultural Development Polytechnic, West Java, the research involved several stages, including pathogen identification, preparation of actinomyces inoculum and A. porri, and application of actinomycetes biocontrol agents to shallots in the greenhouse. A. porri isolates were obtained from shallot production centers in the Brebes area, Central Java. The use of the actinomycetes from the phyllosphere effectively suppressed purple blotch disease, with the lowest area under the disease development curve (AUDPC) recorded at 635.9% for the CFS28 isolate. Lower AUDPC values indicated slower disease progression. Actinomycetes biocontrol agents showed promising efficacy, with the CFS28 isolate achieving the highest efficacy percentage of 78.37%. Additionally, plant growth was significantly enhanced by actinomycete application, with tuber sizes ranging from 1.44 to 2.06 g, fresh weights from 17.63 to 24.72 g, and dry weights of shallot bulbs from 5.43 to 17.96 g. The incubation period for A. porri could be extended by actinomycetes, ranging from 5.43 to 8.5 days for purple blotch symptoms to manifest on shallots. The use of Actinomyces phyllosphere biocontrol agents holds promise for disease control on other plants’ leaves, contributing to environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural practices.
Endophytic Actinomycetes of Liliaceae Plants as Biocontrol Agents of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae Causes of Basal Plate Rot Disease on Shallots Marianah, Lisa; Munif, Abdul; Giyanto; Tondok, Efi Toding; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.1.241-253

Abstract

Basal plate rot disease is one of the critical diseases in shallot plants. Control using synthetic chemical fungicides is still unable to overcome this problem, and it hurts the environment and reduces the population of essential microbes in plants. Endophytic actinomycetes have potential as biocontrol agents. They are reported to be able to inhibit the growth of pathogens, induce plant resistance, produce cell wall degrading enzymes, and promote growth. This research aims to obtain endophytic actinomycete isolates that have the potential to inhibit the growth of the fungus Fusarium. oxysporum f.sp. cepae causes of basal plate rot disease in shallot, and evaluate its inhibitory mechanism. Endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from tubers and roots of Liliaceae plants collected from shallots-production center area. The isolate obtained was tested for biosafety and continued with its inhibitory effectiveness against the fungus F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae in vitro, ability to induce resistance, and plant growth promotion test. The six best isolates were selected based on weighting using AHP and identified molecularly. The endophytic actinomycetes of Liliaceae plants can inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae up to 63.49% with an antibiosis mechanism, producing chitinase enzymes that cause lysis, induce resistance, and produce growth hormones such as IAA. Streptomyces sp. can inhibit the fungus F. oxysporum f.sp. cepae causes basal plate rot disease on shallot by producing antifungal compounds and chitinase enzymes, inducing resistance, and producing growth hormone.
Identifikasi Patotipe Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dari Tanaman Padi di Sulawesi Selatan Asysyuura, Asysyuura; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih; Mutaqin, Kikin Hamzah; Sudir, Sudir
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (355.562 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.3.73

Abstract

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight (BLB), one of important constraint in rice production. The pathogen is known to have many pathotypes which caused difficulties in disease control. This research was conducted to determine the distribution of X. oryzae pv. oryzae’s pathotypes in seven districts in South Sulawesi. Grouping of pathotypes was performed according to Kozaka method, i.e. based on the response of differential rice varieties. Infection of X. oryzae pv. oryzae was confirmed by PCR using specific primers XOR-R2/XOR-F.  Out of 36 isolates, 29 isolates were identified as X. oryzae pv. oryzae which belong to pathotype III (6 isolates), pathotype IV (21 isolates), and pathotype XII (2 isolates).  This result indicated that X. oryzae pv. oryzae pathotype IV was distributed widely in South Sulawesi.
Screening, genetic diversity of aiiA gene in AHL-lactonase producing bacteria and their potential to suppress the virulence factors of Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis Edelwinna, Tiara; Giyanto, Giyanto; Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.225287-297

Abstract

Ralstonia syzigii subsp. indonesiensis (Rsi) is a causal pathogen of Phylotype IV within the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex, commonly found in chili plants. This pathogenic bacterium uses a quorum sensing (QS) mechanism that relies on N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signals to regulate the expression of virulence genes, such as those encoding exopolysaccharides (EPS). Biological control of Rsi can be achieved by disrupting its QS system. The aim of this study was to isolate AHL-lactonase-producing bacteria, analyze the genetic diversity of their aiiA gene, and evaluate their effectiveness in suppressing EPS production in Rsi. The research involved sampling, isolating, and screening bacterial candidates from chili plants as AHL-lactonase producers using bioassays and molecular techniques, followed by evaluation of their ability to inhibit EPS expression as a virulence factor of Rsi. Bacterial samples were isolated from Brebes, Bandung, and Garut Regencies. Molecular identification revealed that the twelve selected isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus. Sequencing results showed genetic diversity in the aiiA gene among isolates obtained from regions with different altitudes. All isolates demonstrated the ability to suppress Rsi virulence factors.
Co-Authors . Giyanto . Giyanto Abdul Munif ABDUL MUNIF ABDUL MUNIF Abidin, Anugrawati Af'idzatuttama Af’idzatuttama Aisyah Imas Alina Akhdiya Anak Agung Keswari Krisnandika Anja Meryandini Aris Tri Wahyudi Asysyuura, Asysyuura Boedi Tjahjono Budi Marwoto DIMAS ANDRIANTO Edelwinna, Tiara EDI HUSEN Efi Toding Tondok Eka Wijayanti Eka Wijayanti Ely Lailatul Maghfiroh Eny Widajati Erina Sulistiani Firdaus, Muhamad Fajar Fitri Fatma Wardani Giyanto Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Haerani Haerani Hanudin Hanudin Husda Marwan Ida Parida IKA DAMAYANTI Iman Rusmana Imas Aisyah isnainy dinul Mursyalatiyus Juang Gema Kartika Kikin H Mutaqin Krisnandika, A. A. Keswari Marianah, Lisa Meity S. Sinaga Meity Suradji Sinaga Meity Suradji Sinaga Meliah, Siti Muhammad Evan Nurrahmawan Purwanto, Ukhradiya Magharaniq Safira RAHAYU FITRIANI WANGSA PUTRIE Sigiro, Ria Heni Siti Zulaiha Sudir Sudir, Sudir Sulistiyani Suryo Wiyono Tita Widjayanti Tita Widjayanti . Toding Tondok, Efi TRI ASMIRA DAMAYANTI Umi Fatmawati Wati, Cheppy Wiraswati, Sri Martina Yana Anisa . YULIN LESTARI Zhenita Vinda Tri Handini