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Determination of Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Epigallocatechin Gallate Rich Fraction from Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis L.) Amelia, Puteri; Citraningsih, Kinanti; Dewi, Asri Kusuma; Anggia, Vivi; Anggraeni, Yuni
JSFK (Jurnal Sains Farmasi & Klinis) Vol 12 No 1 (2025): J Sains Farm Klin 12(1), April 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jsfk.12.1.36-40.2025

The tea plant, Camellia sinensis L., is a well-known natural product with significant health advantages. The main catechin found in green tea leaves is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which has potent antioxidant properties. EGCG is a common active ingredient in products from the medical and cosmetics industries. This study examines the antioxidant properties and total phenolic content (TPC) of an EGCG-rich fraction (ERF) that is extracted from green tea leaves. TPC was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, with absorbance measured via UV-VIS spectrophotometry at 760.5 nm. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, with absorbance recorded at 516 nm. The findings indicated that the TPC of ERF was 437.18 mg GAE/g ± 5.54, while the IC50 value for antioxidant activity was 4.47 mg/L, This value was lower than that of the positive control, Vitamin C, which exhibited an IC₅₀ of 5.07 mg/L. These results suggest that ERF could be developed into a natural ingredient for cosmetics and dietary supplements.

The Effect of Gelatin and Propylene Glycol on the Penetration Rate of Asiaticoside from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb Leaf Extract Gel Dahlizar, Sabrina; Anggraeni, Yuni; Munfarikhatin, Atina; Suryani, Nelly; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Zilhadia, Zilhadia; Fajriah, Sofa; Septama, Abdi Wira; Handayani, Maulina; Herdini, Herdini
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol 7, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/pbsj.v7i1.43891

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a plant known for its potential in scar treatment due to the presence of asiaticoside, a compound capable of promoting skin cell tissue repair. However, the large molecular size of asiaticoside hinders its penetration through the skin. This study aims to evaluate the effect of gelatin and propylene glycol on the transdermal penetration of asiaticoside from a gel formulation containing Centella asiatica leaf extract. Four different formulations were tested: a control (F1, without gelatin or propylene glycol); one with 15% propylene glycol (F2); one with 4% gelatin (F3); and one with 4% gelatin and 15% propylene glycol (F4). The physical characteristics of the formulations were assessed using several parameters: organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, centrifugation, spreadability, viscosity, and rheological behaviour. Penetration studies were performed using a Franz Diffusion Cell with a Whatman No. 1 membrane (pre-coated with Spangler solution) for 360 minutes. The penetration data were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) with a C18 BEH column (2.1 × 50 mm; 1.8 μm particle size). The results showed that each formulation exhibited distinct characteristics. The study findings indicated that both gelatin and propylene glycol, as well as their combination, significantly influenced the penetration of asiaticoside in the gel formulation. Propylene glycol, functioning as a penetration enhancer, was found to increase the penetration of asiaticoside in both gelatin-based and liquid formulations.

The Effect of Gelatin and Propylene Glycol on the Penetration Rate of Asiaticoside from Centella asiatica (L.) Urb Leaf Extract Geleaf Extract Gel Dahlizar, Sabrina; Anggraeni, Yuni; Munfarikhatin, Atina; Suryani, Nelly; Betha, Ofa Suzanti; Zilhadia; Fajriah, Sofa; Septama, Abdi Wira; Handayani, Maulina; Herdini
Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Journal (PBSJ)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/w7prk175

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. is a plant known for its potential in scar treatment due to the presence of asiaticoside, a compound capable of promoting skin cell tissue repair. However, the large molecular size of asiaticoside hinders its penetration through the skin. This study aims to evaluate the effect of gelatin and propylene glycol on the transdermal penetration of asiaticoside from a gel formulation containing Centella asiatica leaf extract. Four different formulations were tested: a control (F1, without gelatin or propylene glycol); one with 15% propylene glycol (F2); one with 4% gelatin (F3); and one with 4% gelatin and 15% propylene glycol (F4). The physical characteristics of the formulations were assessed using several parameters: organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, centrifugation, spreadability, viscosity, and rheological behaviour. Penetration studies were performed using a Franz Diffusion Cell with a Whatman No. 1 membrane (pre-coated with Spangler solution) for 360 minutes. The penetration data were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) with a C18 BEH column (2.1 × 50 mm; 1.8 μm particle size). The results showed that each formulation exhibited distinct characteristics. The study findings indicated that both gelatin and propylene glycol, as well as their combination, significantly influenced the penetration of asiaticoside in the gel formulation. Propylene glycol, functioning as a penetration enhancer, was found to increase the penetration of asiaticoside in both gelatin-based and liquid formulations.

Implementing Discipline for Early Childhood: Strategies and Teacher Roles Destiana, Evie; Anggraeni, Yuni; Fatmala, Endang; Wulandari, Andini
Procedia of Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 6 (2024): International Conference Psychology and Education Transformation For Bright Future
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/pssh.v6i.537

Discipline is one of the characters that needs to be applied from an early age, especially by parents. The fact is that there are still many parents who do not understand and are moved to apply disciplinary behavior to their children. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of teachers in optimizing the development of discipline application from early childhood. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of research used, namely descriptive qualitative research. Data collection was carried out using interview, observation and documentation methods. Sources of research data are the principal, 1 assistant teacher or companion teacher 2 and 68 students. The researcher is the core instrument in the research and uses supporting instruments in the form of interview guidelines, observation guidelines. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis from Miles & Huberman using an interactive model. The results showed that the teacher's role in children's discipline is as a good role model for children, teachers as educators and mentors by introducing and familiarizing children with discipline in everyday life, and teachers as evaluators. The teacher's efforts in implementing discipline are exemplary, habituation, and using reward and punishment methods. Factors that hinder teachers in implementing children's disciplinary attitudes are external factors, namely family, community environment, internal factors of hyperactive or tantrum children's attitudes. The supporting factor is the role of parents who are willing to cooperate well in developing their children's disciplinary attitudes. It can be concluded that teachers have an important role in shaping student discipline at school.

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