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The Particle Size Distribution and Colour Profiles of Porang Powder with Variation Porang Flour Mass Feeds: A Preliminary Study: Profil Distribusi Ukuran Partikel dan Warna Bubuk Porang dengan Variasi Input Massa Tepung Porang: Studi Pendahuluan Witoyo, Jatmiko Eko; Ni'maturohmah, Eva; Pamungkas, Bangkit Puji Putra; Permatasari, Nelsy Dian; Argo, Bambang Dwi; Yuwono, Sudarminto Setyo; Widjanarko, Simon Bambang
Journal of Tropical Agricultural Engineering and Biosystems - Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Tropis dan Biosistem Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkptb.2025.013.02.04

Abstract

Porang is rich in glucomannan, making it valuable in food and non-food applications, often processed into porang flour. Size reduction of porang flour into porang powder is a crucial stage to meet the particle size standard of commercial konjac powder.  However, this stage is rarely explored, especially when using a roller mill machine.  This study aims to evaluate the performance of a batch roller mill machine on the particle size and colour of porang powder with various porang flour masses. The mass of porang flour used in this study was 100, 200, and 300 g, which were coded M100, M200, and M300, respectively, and the results obtained were analyzed descriptively. The particle size distribution was assessed using a particle size analyzer CILAS 1090-dry method, and colour was observed using the Colour Reader Minolta CR-10. The results showed that different mass variations of porang flour produced different particle size distribution patterns in the porang powder produced. Mathematically, the parameters d10, d50, d90, and the average diameter of porang powder follow an exponential equation as a function of the increasing porang flour mass, with R2 values ranging from 0.97 to 0.99. In addition, the average diameter of porang powder from treatment M100 was 68.81 µm and met the average particle size of commercial konjac powder. The colour  L* and degree of whiteness (DoW) of porang powder decreased linearly as a function of the increasing porang flour mass, while the a* and b* values increased logarithmically, with R2 values more than 0.99.
Characterization Of Bioplastic from Cellulose Acetate Empty Bunches Oil Palm and Canna Bulb Flour (Canna edulis Ker) With Addition of Variations of Glycerol Lutfi, Musthofa; Djoyowasito, Gunomo; Argo, Bambang Dwi; Perdana, Lita Puspita Rizka
Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem Vol 13 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pangan & Agroindustri (Fatepa) Universitas Mataram dan Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian (PERTETA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jrpb.v13i2.1167

Abstract

Bioplastics are environmentally friendly materials that serve as alternatives to synthetic plastics, capable of being decomposed by microorganisms. Starch, commonly sourced from tubers such as canna tubers, is one of the primary natural components used in bioplastic production. This study utilized a completely randomized factorial design with glycerol as a plasticizer and cellulose acetate from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) as a reinforcement agent. Glycerol was varied at concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ml, while cellulose acetate OPEFB was varied at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3 g. The resulting bioplastics underwent mechanical testing, including tensile strength, elongation, elasticity, water absorption, solubility, and biodegradability. The highest tensile strength (20.56 MPa) was observed with 2 ml glycerol and 1.5 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. The best elongation (33.33%) occurred with 4 ml glycerol and 1 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. Maximum elasticity (2.86 MPa) was achieved with 2 ml glycerol and 2.5 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. Optimal water absorption (12.54%) was recorded with 1 ml glycerol and 1 g cellulose acetate OPEFB, while the highest solubility (43.97%) was observed with 5 ml glycerol and 3 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. The greatest biodegradability (88.75%) was achieved with 5 ml glycerol and 1.5 g cellulose acetate OPEFB. These findings highlight the potential of starch-based bioplastics reinforced with cellulose acetate OPEFB to achieve desirable mechanical and environmental performance characteristics.
Investigating the influence of drying temperature on the flavonoid profile, quercetin content, and antioxidant activity in dayak onion Arsianti, Rika Wahyuni; Argo, Bambang Dwi
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 8, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2025.008.03.10

Abstract

As a traditional medicinal plant rich in flavonoids, Dayak onion (Eleutherine bulbosa) has great potential as a functional food. However, its high water content requires a proper drying process to maintain its bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the effects of oven drying temperatures 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C on the total flavonoid content (TFC), quercetin levels, and antioxidant activity of Dayak onion. Samples were dried to a target moisture content of 12% and analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, HPLC, and the DPPH method. The results showed a positive linear relationship between drying temperature and phytochemical quality. 60°C was the most effective condition, increasing TFC from 45.05 mg/L to 101.42 mg/L (2.25-fold), quercetin levels from 9.13 ppm to 17.51 ppm (1.91-fold), and significantly increasing antioxidant activity (decrease in IC₅₀ value). Thus, controlled drying at 60°C is an effective method to improve the quality and functional value of Dayak onions.
Identification of Availability and Lignocellulosic Properties in Coconut Dregs Waste Murtius, Wenny Surya; Argo, Bambang Dwi; Nurika, Irnia; Sukardi, Sukardi
Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/jaast.v8i1.248

Abstract

Agricultural waste, including coconut pulp, contains lignocellulose and is a very important, renewable and sustainable industrial raw material. Many of the food, textile, pharmaceutical, paint and resin, agrochemical, oil processing, and other sectors utilize lignocellulosic derivatives. The objectives of this study were to determine the availability of coconut pulp in Padang City-West Sumatra, analyse the lignocellulosic components contained and cell surface morphology, and observe the chemical elements in coconut pulp waste. An exploratory approach was used in this study to achieve these objectives. The results showed that there were 98 coconut milk entrepreneurs spread across traditional markets in Padang City, West Sumatra. Every day the coconut milk squeeze business examined produces ± 1.18 tonnes of coconut pulp. Coconut waste also contains 47.18% cellulose, 10.58% lignin, and 12.10% hemicellulose. Based on the XRD results, the crystal size of coconut pulp obtained from XRD observation is 11.8 nm.
Effect of pasteurization time and temperature on the physico-biochemical properties of soursop (Annona muricata L.) juice Argo, Bambang Dwi; Islami, Reydita Claudy; Khoir, Nurul Hidayatul
Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE) Vol 7, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Advances in Food Science, Sustainable Agriculture and Agroindustrial Engineering (AFSSAAE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.afssaae.2024.007.02.7

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of pasteurization time and temperature on soursop juice characteristics. Soursop (Anonna muricata L.), a climacteric fruit, is a high source of natural antioxidants and contains polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme, which causes browning and can reduce the phenol content in fruit which can reduce antioxidant activity. The pasteurization process was carried out to inactivate PPO in soursop juice production. Soursop juice was prepared from soursop fruit pulp pasteurized at temperatures (56, 62, 68, 74, and 80 oC) for various pasteurization times (5, 10, and 15 minutes). Time and temperature of pasteurization had a significant effect (ρ < 0.05) on physical characteristics (Total Soluble Solid/TSS, viscosity, pH, and colour), polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity, antioxidant activity, and microbial population. Pasteurization at 62 ˚C for 5 minutes can maintain antioxidant activity with the greatest total phenol of 85.45 ± 3.5 mg GAE/100 g, total flavonoid of 71.38 ± 6.9 mg QE/100 g, and antioxidant activity of 76.91 ± 0, 33%. Pasteurization at 80 ˚C for 15 minutes can reduce the total number of bacteria from 350 ± 24 CFU/mL to 54 ± 22 CFU/mL, which has a TSS value of 13.73 ˚brix, viscosity of 928.67 mPa, pH of 4.40, a total colour change of 0.556, and has the lowest PPO enzyme specific activity of 0.0005 U/mg with enzyme inactivation of 93%.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Agus Jiwantoro Alvian Budhi Irianto Alvianto, Dikianur Amin Setyo Leksono Amin Setyo Leksono Anang Lastriyanto Angky Wahyu Putranto Anik Wulandari Anung Nugroho Jayalaksono Arga Anugrahandy Arsyika Oktaviani Arta Harianti Ary Mustofa Ahmad Asdin . Atiek Iriany Aulia Rakhmawati Azhar, Wilda Aulia Bambang Guritno BAMBANG SUSILO Bambang Susilo Basri Basri Bobby Wirasantika Budi Swastomo Chandra Satya Pujiarga Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Choirul Muslim Cici Damayanti Cicik Rahayu Danang Ariyanto Dewi Maya Maharani Dhanny Septimawan Sutopo Dhika Aringtyas Dian Anggianda Marpaung Dian Aris Setiawan Dian Umniyati Dian Yulianto Dimas Firmanda Al Riza Dina Wahyu Indriani Dinia Cholidia Dwi Setiawan Faisz Kasifalham Fara Aulia Agustin Nurhadi Farisatun Ni’mah Febriyanti Ariska Amaliyah Ferys Ika Oktavia Fiona Drefin Oktadina Firda Pramesti Puspaningarum Gracia Deborah Alfons, Gracia Deborah Gunarko Gunarko Gunomo Djojowasito Gunomo Djoyowasito Gunomo Djoyowasito Haris Ferdiansyah Irnia Nurika Irvan Adhin Cholilie ishak usman Islami, Reydita Claudy Izza, Ni'matul Izza, Sylvia Ni’matul Jannur Majesty Jatmiko Eko Witoyo Joko Prasetyo Joko Prasetyo Khoir, Nurul Hidayatul Korleone, Jorgi Kusuma Faisal M La Choviya Hawa La Choviya Hawa Larasati, Indri Asiani Lestari, Anggi Luthfi Mubarok Malul Akbar Mantong, Jimmy Olsanaya Marhen Andan Prasetyo Maurice Andreane Mayadiana Susilowati Ningsih Moch. Bagus Hermanto Mochamad Bagus Hermanto Mochammad Bagus Hermanto Mufidah, Elya Muhamad Firdaus Muhammad Alvian Muhammad Assidiq Muhammad Fadhil Muhammad Fathussalam Mukaromah, Sintya Laylie Musthofa Lutfi Musthofa Lutfi Mustofa Lutfi Nadya Villarasty Naily Ulya Naim Irmayani Nelsy Dian Permatasari Ni'maturohmah, Eva Niken Lila Widyawati Nova Yogantoro Nugroho Nimpuno Nur Komar Nur Komar Nuraini Puji Astuti Nurfauzi, Sobirin Nurhaya Kusmiah Oktaria Eka Y Palupi Widiyastuti Pamungkas, Bangkit Puji Putra Perdana, Lita Puspita Rizka Rama Oktavian, Rama Ramadhan, Faisal Randy Cahya Wihandika Retno Damayanti Rika Wahyuni Arsianti Rini Yulianingsih Rosyida Ayu Pratiwi Sadimantara, Muhammad Syukri Safitri Rizka Rahmawati Sandra Sandra Sellyan Lorenza Olanda Putri Shinta Rosalia Dewi Shinta Rosalia Dewi Sidauruk, Jocelyn Latreia Ronauli SIMON BAMBANG WIDJANARKO Siti Asmaniyah Mardiyani Slamet Wahyudi Souma Wiryo Pamungkas Sri Hartini Sudarminto Setyo Yuwono Sukardi Sukardi Sumardi H. S. Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan Susinggih Wijana Susinggih Wijana Syaifuddin Purwo Utomo Takase, Hayato Tri Priyo Utomo Turangga Bagus Setya Graha Ubaidillah Ubaidillah Ulwan Zuhdi Umi Mianadhiroh Wahyunanto Agung Nugroho Wenny Surya Murtius Yahya Wahyu Prasetya Yusron Sugiarto Yusuf Hendrawan Yusuf Wibisono