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Journal : JHCLS

Blocking Dangerous Content in Electronic Communications Networks: Evidence from Netherlands, United States and Singapore Mulyawarman, I Gede Adhi; Arya Sumerta Yasa, Putu Gede; Cait, Lamberton
Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System
Publisher : Lembaga Contrarius Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53955/jhcls.v4i1.216

Abstract

In recent years, the blocking of internet sites with harmful content or those deemed to be (illegal content) has increased. The policy of blocking dangerous sites has pros and cons regarding freedom of expression. Blocking is considered to be carried out to control citizens' expression, which can impact all areas, especially freedom of opinion, which can be seen as a threat to certain parties. This research aims to compare criminalization policies for blocking dangerous content in electronic communications networks in the Netherlands, the United States, and Singapore and provide thoughts on law enforcement models for blocking dangerous content in more democratic electronic communication networks. This is normative legal research using a law and case approach and comparing several countries. The conceptual approach is directed at the concept of a democratic state and the protection of human rights to formulate relevant policy models. The results of blocking studies in the Netherlands, The USA, and Singapore already have regulations and policy directions for blocking dangerous content, or at least rules regarding law enforcement for cybercrime. The difference is in the level of sensitivity to the specifications of existing problems. The policy model for blocking dangerous content with special regulations outside the Criminal Code must be carried out in a non-repressive manner so that it does not violate the ultimum remedium principle and becomes over-criminalized. The formulation of policy model of all crime prevention plans using the criminal law system, which pays attention to the problem of formulating criminal acts (criminalization), criminal responsibility, and criminal regulations and punishment.
Co-Authors A. A. Istri Chintya Paramitha A. A. Ngurah Wiradarma A.A Bagus Adhi Mahendra Putra Anak Agung Gede Manik Surya Wira Djelantik Anak Agung Istri Ari Atu Dewi Anom Eka Kusyadi Cait, Lamberton Cokorda Dalem Dahana Cokorde Dalem Dahana Dananjaya, A.A. Gde Agung Danial Kelly Dea Widya Karisma Desak Putu Dewi Kasih Dewa Ayu Anom Arini Dewa Ayu Febryana Putra Nuryanti Dewi, Ni Luh Sri Mahendra Francisco Amaral Da Silva Gede Yoga Satrya Wibawa Gusti Komang Surya Pratyaksa Irawan Hermanto, Bagus I Dewa Agung Yuda Tri Adnyana I Dewa Ayu Maheswari Adiananda I Dewa Bagus Dhanan Aiswarya I Dewa Gde Agung Oka Pradnyadana I Gede Handara Ratrya Pratama I Gede Yusa I Gst.Ngr.Gd.Ag. Mariswara I Gust i Ngurah Wairocana I Gusti Agung Ngurah Prawira Kukuh I Gusti Agung Putra Wiryawan I Gusti Ayu Putri Kartika, I Gusti Ayu I Gusti Ngurah Darma Paramartha I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit Widiatedja I Ketut Suardita I Made Arya Utama I Made Budi Arsika I Made Ega Prayoga Kusuma I MADE SUBAWA I Nengah Suharta I Nym. Yudi Anggara Wijaya, I Nym. Yudi I Nyoman Ari Kurniawan I Nyoman Bagiastra I Nyoman Suyatna I Putu Agus Eka Budiarta Yoga I Putu Chandra Riantama I Wayan Parsa I Wayan Wiryawan Ibrahim R IDA AYU ASTARINI Ida Ayu Kade Febriyana Dharmayanti Ida Ayu Made Dewi Antari Ida Bagus Dobi Suandika Ida Bagus Japa Suyoga Ivory, Jared Kadek Mirah Ananta Sukma Dewi Kadek Sarna Kriviņš, Anatolijs Made Ayu Trisnawati Made Dharma Satya Varuni Made Putri Indra Prabawati Mega Rasnawati Mulyawarman, I Gede Adhi Nadirsyah Hosen Nengah Suharta Ni Ketut Devi Damayanti Ni Made Ayu Rastiti Ni Nyoman Nia Oktaviani Ni Putu Dian Putri Pertiwi Darmayanti Ni Putu Janitri Ni Putu Niti Suari Giri Nyoman Satyayudha Dananjaya Owen Dihardja Pande Putu Adhyatmika Putu Ayu Mas Sugihandari Putu Intan Puspitasari Reimon Simamora Rizka Rahmawati Sastera, I Gusti Bagus Yoga Seira Tamara Herlambang Shara, Made Cinthya Puspita Sugeng Santoso Sukmayoga Wiweka, Gede Rhama Syifa Namira Wijaya, I Ketut Reksa Yohanes Usfunan