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All Journal Reaktor International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development TEKNIK METANA Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi Fakultas Teknik Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Majalah Ilmiah MOMENTUM Science and Technology Indonesia Indonesia Journal of Halal Abdimas UNWAHAS : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat UNWAHAS Jurnal Profesi Insinyur Indonesia Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET)
Luqman Buchori
Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro Jl Prof Sudharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Telp/fax: (024)7460058
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Transportation

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Journal : Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering

 1 
Advanced Chemical Reactor Technologies for Biodiesel Production from Vegetable Oils - A Review Luqman Buchori; Istadi Istadi; Purwanto Purwanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 3 Year 2016 (December 2016)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.11.3.490.406-430

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative biofuel that can replace diesel oil without requiring modifications to the engine and advantageously produces cleaner emissions. Biodiesel can be produced through transesterification process between oil or fat and alcohol to form esters and glycerol. The transesterification can be carried out with or without a catalyst. The catalyzed production of biodiesel can be performed by using homogeneous, heterogeneous and enzyme. Meanwhile, non-catalytic transesterification with supercritical alcohol provides a new way of producing biodiesel. Microwave and ultrasound assisted transesterification significantly can reduce reaction time as well as improve product yields. Another process, a plasma technology is promising for biodiesel synthesis from vegetable oils due to very short reaction time, no soap formation and no glycerol as a by-product. This paper reviews briefly the technologies on transesterification reaction for biodiesel production using homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzyme catalysts, as well as advanced methods (supercritical, microwave, ultrasonic, and plasma technology). Advantages and disadvantages of each method were described comprehensively.
Optimization of Monoglycerides Production Using KF/CaO-MgO Heterogeneous Catalysis Luqman Buchori; Didi Dwi Anggoro; Indro Sumantri; Riko Rikardo Putra
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4251.689-696

Abstract

The production of monoglyceride or monoacylglycerol (MAG) from triglycerides and glycerol has been studied. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of using KF/CaO-MgO catalyst on MAG production with batch reactor. The effect of reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading was investigated using Response Surface Methods (RSM). The reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading were varied at 200-220 ºC,  2-4 hours, and 0.1-0.3 % w/w, respectively. The maximum yield of monoglyceride 41.58% was achieved the optimum conditions of  catalyst loading of 0.19 % (w/w), reaction temperature of 208.4 ºC, and reaction time of 3.20 hours.  
Basicity Optimization of KF/Ca-MgO Catalyst using Impregnation Method Didi Dwi Anggoro; Luqman Buchori; Setia Budi Sasongko; Herawati Oktavianty
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2019 (December 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4248.678-682

Abstract

This research aimed at determining the optimum value between calcination temperature (X1), calcination time (X2) and %wt KF (X3) toward optimum basicity of KF/Ca-MgO catalyst. Approximately 2-4%wt KF was added to the KF/Ca-MgO catalyst using the impregnation method to assist the Ca-MgO, at 450-550 ºC and a calcination time of 2-4 hours. Furthermore, its basicity was analyzed using Tanabe's titration method. The use of Variance Analysis (ANOVA), indicated that calcination temperature (X1) factor achieved the highest basicity of KF/Ca-MgO catalyst, as indicated by its high F-value (16.46262) and low p-value (0.0067). The correlation between each operating variables and the responses were shown in a mathematical equation. The optimization value is estimated by limiting the calcination temperature from 415.9 to 584.1 ºC, with a calcination time ranging from 1.32 to 4.68 hours, and %wt KF of 1.3182 to 4.6818 % that obtained 1.18 mmol/g for the optimal catalyst basicity. 
Preparation, Characterization, and Activation of Co-Mo/Y Zeolite Catalyst for Coal Tar Conversion to Liquid Fuel Didi Dwi Anggoro; Luqman Buchori; Giveni Christina Silaen; Resti Nur Utami
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 2 Year 2017 (August 2017)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.2.768.219-226

Abstract

One of many efforts to convert coal tar into alternative liquid fuel is by hydrocracking. This research aims to determine the impregnation of Co-Mo/Y zeolite, its characteristics, the effect of impregnation temperature and time, and also the best Co-Mo/Y zeolite impregnation condition for the conversion of coal tar. This research was conducted in several steps, impregnating Co from Co(NO3)2.6H2O and Mo from (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O into Zeolite Y in liquid media, drying at 100 °C for 24 hours, and calcination at 550 °C for 3 hours. Coal tar was then reacted with hydrogen gas (as a reactant), and Co-Mo/Zeolite Y (as a catalyst) was conducted at 350 °C. Characteristic analysis showed that Co and Mo had impregnated into the Y zeolite, as well as it made no change of catalyst’s structure and increased the total acidity. The higher of impregnation temperature was increased the catalyst crystallinity, total acidity, and yield of gasoline. The longer impregnation time was reduced crystallinity value, but total acidity and yield were increased. GC analysis showed that products included into the gasoline product (C8, C9, and C10). 
Preliminary Testing of Hybrid Catalytic-Plasma Reactor for Biodiesel Production Using Modified-Carbon Catalyst Luqman Buchori; Istadi Istadi; Purwanto Purwanto; Anggun Kurniawan; Teuku Irfan Maulana
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2016 (April 2016)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.11.1.416.59-65

Abstract

Preliminary testing of hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor for biodiesel production through transesterification of soybean oil with methanol over modified-carbon catalyst was investigated. This research focused on synergetic roles of non-thermal plasma and catalysis in the transesterification process. The amount of modified-carbon catalyst with grain size of 1.75 mm was placed into fixed tubular reactor within discharge zone. The discharge zone of the hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor was defined in the volume area between high voltage and ground electrodes. Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV) of 1.85 h-1 of reactant feed was studied at reaction temperature of 65 oC and at ambient pressure. The modified-carbon catalyst was prepared by impregnation of active carbon within H2SO4 solution followed by drying at 100 oC for overnight and calcining at 300 oC for 3 h. It was found that biodiesel yield obtained using the hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor was 92.39% and 73.91% when using active carbon and modified-carbon catalysts, respectively better than without plasma. Therefore, there were synergetic effects of non-thermal plasma and catalysis roles for driving the transesterification process. 
Effects of Weight Hourly Space Velocity and Catalyst Diameter on Performance of Hybrid Catalytic-Plasma Reactor for Biodiesel Synthesis over Sulphated Zinc Oxide Acid Catalyst Luqman Buchori; Istadi Istadi; Purwanto Purwanto
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 2 Year 2017 (August 2017)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.2.775.227-234

Abstract

Biodiesel synthesis through transesterification of soybean oil with methanol on hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor over sulphated zinc oxide (SO42-/ZnO) active acid catalyst was investigated. This research was aimed to study effects of Weight Hourly Space Velocity (WHSV) and the catalyst diameter on performance of the hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor for biodiesel synthesis. The amount (20.2 g) of active sulphated zinc oxide solid acid catalysts was loaded into discharge zone of the reactor. The WHSV and the catalyst diameter were varied between 0.89 to 1.55 min-1 and 3, 5, and 7 mm, respectively. The molar ratio of methanol to oil as reactants of 15:1 is fed to the reactor, while operating condition of the reactor was kept at reaction temperature of 65 oC and ambient pressure. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) component in biodiesel product was identified by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the FAME yield decreases with increasing WHSV. It was found that the optimum FAME yield was achieved of 56.91 % at WHSV of 0.89 min-1 and catalyst diameter of 5 mm and reaction time of 1.25 min. It can be concluded that the biodiesel synthesis using the hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor system exhibited promising the FAME yield. 
Effects of Ion Exchange Process on Catalyst Activity and Plasma-Assisted Reactor Toward Cracking of Palm Oil into Biofuels Istadi Istadi; Luqman Buchori; Didi Dwi Anggoro; Teguh Riyanto; Anindita Indriana; Chusnul Khotimah; Fachmy Adji Pangestu Setiawan
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 2 Year 2019 (August 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.2.4257.459-467

Abstract

Biofuels can be produced through a conventional catalytic cracking system and/or a hybrid catalytic-plasma cracking system. This paper was focused on studying effect of Na+ ion exchange to HY-Zeolite catalyst on catalyst performance to convert palm oil into biofuels over a conventional continuous fixed bed catalytic cracking reactor and comparing the catalytic cracking performance when carried out in a continuous hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Bruneuer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area methods. The biofuels product were analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the hydrocarbons composition of biofuels product. From the results, ion exchange process of Na+ into HY-Zeolite catalyst decreases the catalyst activity due to decreasing the number of active sites caused by blocking of Na+ ion. The selectivity to gasoline ranges achieved 34.25% with 99.11% total conversion when using HY catalyst over conventional continuous fixed bed reactor system. Unfortunately, the selectivity to gasoline ranges decreased to 13.96% and the total conversion decrease slightly to 98.06% when using NaY-Zeolite catalyst. As comparison when the cracking reaction was carried out in a hybrid catalytic-plasma reactor using a spent residual catalytic cracking (RCC) catalyst, the high energetics electron from plasma can improve the reactor performance, where the conversion and yield were increased and the selectivity to lower ranges of hydrocarbons was increased. However, the last results were potential to be intensively studied with respect to relation between reactor temperature and plasma-assisted catalytic reactor parameters. Copyright © 2019 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 
Reusability and Stability Tests of Calcium Oxide Based Catalyst (K2O/CaO-ZnO) for Transesterification of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel Istadi Istadi; Udin Mabruro; Bintang Ayu Kalimantini; Luqman Buchori; Didi Dwi Anggoro
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2016 (April 2016)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.11.1.413.34-39

Abstract

This paper was purposed for testing reusability and stability of calcium oxide-based catalyst (K2O/CaO-ZnO) over transesterification reaction of soybean oil with methanol to produce biodiesel. The K2O/CaO-ZnO catalyst was synthesized by co-precipitation method of calcium and zinc nitrates followed by impregnation of potassium nitrate. The fresh and used catalysts were tested after regeneration. The catalysts were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and BET Surface Area in order to compare the catalyst structure between the fresh and used catalysts. The catalyst testing in transesterification proses was carried out at following operating conditions, i.e. catalyst weight of 6 wt.%, oil to methanol mole ratio of 1:15, and temperature of 60 oC. In addition, metal oxide leaching of K2O/CaO-ZnO catalyst during reaction was also tested. From the results, the catalysts exhibited high catalytic activity (80% fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield after three-cycles of usage) and acceptable reusability after regeneration. The catalyst also showed acceptable stability of catalytic activity, even after three-cycles of usage. 
Effect of Co and Mo Loading by Impregnation and Ion Exchange Methods on Morphological Properties of Zeolite Y Catalyst Didi Dwi Anggoro; Nur Hidayati; Luqman Buchori; Yayuk Mundriyastutik
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2016: BCREC Volume 11 Issue 1 Year 2016 (April 2016)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.11.1.418.75-83

Abstract

Coal tar can be used as an alternative raw material for the production of liquid fuels, such as: gasoline and diesel through hydrogenation and cracking process. Hydrogenation and cracking process requires a catalyst which has metal components for hydrogenation reaction and acid components for cracking reaction. In this study, the Co/Zeolite Y and Co-Mo/Zeolite Y catalysts were prepared by impregnation and ion exchange methods. Characterizations of the catalysts were carried out by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and gravimetric acidity. The catalysts were tested for coal tar conversion to liquid fuel under various temperatures, amount of catalyst and hydrogen flow rates in a fixed bed flow reaction system. Liquid fuels products were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The XRD Spectra indicated that the addition of Co and Mo metals did not affect catalysts structure, however it alters the percentage of crystallinity. The addition of Co metal using impregnation method caused reduction in crystallinity, while the addition of Mo caused improvement of crystallinity. The Co-Mo/Zeolite Y catalyst with highest crystallinity was obtained by loading using ion exchange method. The addition of Co and Mo metals caused increasing acidity. However, the increasing composition of Co and Mo loaded on Zeolite Y catalyst decreased the yield of liquid fuels from coal tar. It can be concluded that the yields of liquid fuels and the composition of gasoline fractions from hydrocracking of coal tar were highly dependent on  acidity of the catalyst. 
Co-Authors . Widayat Amin Nugroho Anggun Kurniawan Anindita Indriana Aprilina Purbasari Ardian D. Yudhistira Aris Bagus Pradana, Aris Bagus Arman, Mhd. Adithia Perdana Arum Sakti Prasetyo Astrilia Damayanti B Budiyono Berkah Fajar Bintang Ayu Kalimantini Boby Gusman Irianto Samosir Budi Sasongko Setia Budiyono Budiyono Chusnul Khotimah Dewi Fatmawati Didi D. Anggoro Didi D. Anggoro Didi Dwi Anggoro Dinda Labibah Ubay Dyah Hesti Wardhani Dyah Hesti Wardhani Fachmy Adji Pangestu Setiawan Faleh Setia Budi Faleh Setia Budi Faleh Setia Budi Fegi Yuliandri Fradriyan Aulia Giveni Christina Silaen Hadiyanto Hantoro Satriadi Hargono Hargono Harum Nissaulfasha Herawati Oktavianty Heri Cahyono Heru Susanto I Nyoman Widiasa I. Istadi I.G.B Ngurah Makertihartha Indro Sumantri Inshani Utami Istadi Istikhoratun, Titik JD Ryan Christy S Khonsa Syahidah Kusmiyati Kusmiyati Laeli Kurniasari M. Dani Supardan M. Dani Supardan M. Djaeni Maria Augustine Graciafernandy Meitiandari Mutiara Mhd. Shaumi Al Anshar Muhamad, Theobroma Guntur Muhammad Ulil Absori Nadia Taradissa Maheswari Ndaru Okvitarini Ngadi, Norzita Nita Aryanti Norzita Ngadi Nur Hidayati Nurjati Solikhin Nurul Aishah Aishah Nurushofa, Faustina Alda Okryreza Abdurrachman P Purwanto Pakpahan, Agnes J. Pakpahan, Andre W. S. Pratama, Pambudi Pajar Pratama, Wahyu Diski Pratiwi, Wahyu Zuli Purwanto Purwanto Purwanto Purwanto Putri Diliyan Shakti Ratnawati Ratnawati Resti Nur Utami Riko Rikardo Putra Riyanto, Teguh Rizki Andre Handika, Rizki Andre Roikhatus Solikhah Salsabila, Unik Hanifah Saputra, Roni Ade Setia Budi Sasongko Setia Budi Sasongko Setiadi, Iqfan Dwi Silviana Silviana Siswo Sumardiono Suherman Suherman Suherman Suherman Sulardjaka Sulardjaka Sulardjaka, S Syarief, Elijah Teguh Riyanto Teuku Irfan Maulana Titik Istirokhatun Udin Mabruro Wahyu Fitriani Widayat Widayat Widayat Yayuk Astuti Yazid Bindar Yazid Bindar Yudha Duta Utama